СПОСОБНОСТЬ К ДИАГНОСТИКЕ КАК ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЯ ПЕДАГОГА-ПСИХОЛОГА В ЗАДАЧАХ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КОГНИТИВНОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

Aim. The aim of the work was to find out the level of elaboration of ability to diagnose as a professional competence of a pedagogue-psychologist in the different professional tasks, especially in the tasks of cognitive effectiveness of learning support, to show the necessity of the scientific reseach in the field, to show the necessity of the pedagogues-psychologists diagnostic competence formation during the university education.Materials and Methods. A search and analysis of literary sources were conducted on the key words “diagnostic competence”, “diagnostic ability as a competence”, “competence approach”; the standards of higher professional education adopted today in Russia in the field of education “Psycho-pedagogical Education” and “Psychology” for the degrees “Bachelor” and “Master” were analyzed.Results. Diagnostic ability definitely refers to the basic professional competence of a pedagogue-psychologist. However, there is no precise understanding of the content of this competence and agreement on what a specialist-psychologist working at school should know and be able to do within the diagnostic competence, especially in the sphere of cognitive effectiveness of learning support. The article also discusses: the professional diagnostic competence in the framework of the competence approach in education; lack of elaboration and presentation of diagnostic competences in the standards of higher education; relation of thinking and understanding to the diagnostics; diagnostics for the cognitive effectiveness of learning support.Conclusions. It is concluded that the effective implementation of the competence approach is impossible without special studies aimed at the study of the content, possibilities and methods of the professional diagnostic competence formation. Consideration of the diagnostic competences in terms of understanding and diagnostic thinking can also help to define more clearly the necessary professional competences, the formation and development of which is the task of modern education. The issue of the formation of diagnostic competence is in the focus of attention of the modern scientists, however, an explicitly effective methodology for the formation of diagnostic abilities has not been presented yet.Цель. Целью работы было: определить уровень исследованности способности к диагностике как профессиональной компетенции педагога-психолога в различных профессиональных задачах, особенно в задачах обеспечения когнитивной эффективности обучения, показать необходимость научных исследований в обозначенной области, показать необходимость формирования диагностической компетенции педагогов-психологов в рамках университетского образования.Материалы и методы. Исследования и анализ источников проводилось по ключевым словам «диагностическая компетенция», «диагностическая способность как компетенция», «компетентностный подход»; были проанализированы стандарты высшего профессионального образования, принятые сегодня в России в сфере подготовки по направлениям «Психолого-педагогическое образование» и «Психология» для уровней «Бакалавр» и «Магистр».Результаты. Диагностическая способность однозначно является базовой профессиональной компетенцией педагога-психолога. Однако, пока еще нет точного понимания и согласия по поводу того, что именно работающий в школе специалист-психолог должен знать и уметь в отношении этой компетенции, особенно в сфере обеспечения когнитивной эффективности обучения. В статье также обсуждаются вопросы профессиональной диагностической компетенции в рамках компетентностного подхода в образовании, недостаточность исследованности и представленности диагностической компетенции в стандартах высшего профессионального образования, отношения мышления и понимания к диагностике, диагностика для обеспечения когнитивной эффективности обучения.Выводы. Сделаны выводы о том, что эффективная реализация компетентностного подхода не будет возможной без специальных исследований, нацеленных на изучение содержания, возможностей и методологии формирования профессиональных диагностических компетенций. Рассмотрение диагностики в аспектах понимания и диагностического мышления может помочь также показать необходимость профессиональных компетенций, формирование и развитие которых является задачей современного образования. Формирование диагностической компетенции сегодня находится в фокусе внимания современных ученых, однако эффективной методологии для формирования диагностических способностей пока нет

Education as the Basis for Developing Human Capital

Considering the theoretical, legal, and methodological foundations and using scientific methods have allowed us to reveal approaches for studying education values and establishing directions for human capital development. A set of research methods we used has contributed to substantiating the logical sequence and directions for human capital development. Differences in developing human capital are mainly due to the level of education. The research problem is to study education as a factor influencing the development of human capital. The paper aims to study the role of education in the development of human capital. The research object is human capital. The research subject is the impact of education on the development of human capital. The practical and scientific significance of the paper is in further studies on the influence of education on the development of human capital. Moreover, it is in overcoming the economic approach to this significant, complex, and multifaceted phenomenon

Процессный подход – основа цифровых трансформаций в транспортно-логистическом бизнесе

Process management raises the level of technological development of the transport system, serves as the basis for digitalisation of passenger and cargo transportation, reduces costs, improves reliability, safety of infrastructure and vehicles, as well as environmental friendliness of the transport.Digital technology provides an opportunity to restructure production systems of all sectors of the economy to improve interaction with customers, employees, and ecosystem partners, as well as to reduce costs.To build a new operating model, it is necessary to identify losses in existing processes and seize the opportunities offered by digital transformation.The article discusses the main methodological gaps in the transformation of the process architecture of companies, considering the features of large holding-type structures. The objective of the study is to determine the directions of transformation of the process architecture of transport companies.The article proposes to evaluate the level of digital maturity of processes based on the deviation from target values of two of its indicators: the level of automation and the level of digital trust.The need to systematise the methodological aspects of the transition to a process type of management in transport companies through business process reengineering determines the relevance of adapting applied tools and methods of its application.Процессное управление повышает уровень технологического развития транспортного комплекса, служит основой цифровизации пассажирских и грузовых перевозок, снижает издержки, повышает надёжность, безопасность инфраструктуры и транспортных средств, а также экологичность транспорта.Цифровые технологии предоставляют возможность реструктурировать производственные системы всех отраслей экономики, чтобы улучшить взаимодействие с клиентами, сотрудниками и партнёрами по экосистеме, а также снизить затраты.Для построения новой операционной модели необходимо выявить потери в действующих процессах и воспользоваться возможностями цифровой трансформации.В статье рассмотрены основные методические разрывы трансформации процессной архитектуры компаний с учётом особенностей крупных структур холдингового типа.Цель исследования – определить направления трансформации процессной архитектуры транспортных компаний.В статье предлагается оценивать уровень цифровой зрелости процессов на основе отклонения двух её показателей – уровня автоматизации и уровня цифрового доверия – от целевых значений.Необходимость в систематизации методических аспектов перехода к процессному типу управления в транспортных компаниях посредством реинжиниринга бизнес-процессов определяют актуальность адаптации прикладного инструментария и методики его применения

SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF FOOD-STUFF RAW MATERIAL AND FOOD PRODUCTS IN BURYAT REPUBLIC

The aim of study was a hygienic assessment on sanitary and chemical, microbiological indicators of food and the food staples, realized in the territory of the Buryat Republic during 2008-2012. Preparation for processing of primary data and the subsequent statistical analysis made with Excel and the integrated package STATISTICA 6.0. Calculation of percent of tests of hygienic standards not conforming to requirements (%) on areas and as a whole on the republic is carried out. The specified sizes are determined as for separate years, and on the average for the period. To average values 95% confidential intervals (CI) are calculated. As significant deviations from the average levels the sizes which are going out of CI were considered. The performed result of assessment of the laboratory studies may testify that the stable high percent of the samples which don't accord to the normative in the sanitary-chemical indices is available at present. Using the cluster analyses allowed to reveal that according to the sanitary-chemical indices 52,4 % of all the regions in which the portion of the non-standard samples was found to be in the range of 95% confidence interval (CI) [6,5-9,0] % of the average level have formed the more numerous (1st) cluster. The second cluster consisted of the Zaigrayevskiy and Bichurskiy regions in which the statistically significant increase in the prevalence of the non-standard samples was revealed. In 5 regions and the capital of Republic (Ulan-Ude) in the third cluster the most significant percent of the samples which don't accord to the hygienic claims (CI [15,0-29,0] %) is continuously registered. The fourth cluster consisted of three regions situated in the northern part of Buryat Republic in which the non-standard samples are extremely rare revealed (CI [0,5-2,2] %). The samples portion which don't accord to the hygienic normative in the microbiological indices was found to increase by 1,4-fold compared to the 2009-2011 years and amounted 3,8 % in 2012 year. The analysis based on the territorial factor has shown that the high levels of the non-standard samples of the food products in the microbiological indices were found to be in the regions of the first cluster: Eravninskiy, Mukhorshibirskiy, Kabanskiy and Ulan-Ude (CI [5,1-7,8] %), the last revealed level is the regions of the third cluster: Zakamenskiy, Bichurskiy, Barguzinskiy, Kurumkanskiy, Okinskiy, Bauntovskiy (CI [0,10-0,24] %). The control of microbiological safety allowed to reveal the most significant, in epidemic relation, food products: milk, meat, fish products, the products of children's food as well as the poultry products

Predictive value of global longitudinal strain and geometry of left ventricle in patients with noncompaction cardiomyopathy

Aim. To assess the prognostic role of a decrease in longitudinal strain and an increase in the left ventricular sphericity index as predictors of NYHA class III heart failure (HF) progression, requiring hospitalization in a cohort of patients with noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCM) in combination with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).Material and methods. We examined 90 patients with a combination of NCM and DCM aged 18 to 72 years (median age, 41 years; men — 73; women — 17), who, in addition to conventional echocardiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics, were studied for two-dimensional strain and global longitudinal strain (GLS) parameters and left ventricular sphericity index (SI) using cardiac MRI. The endpoints included NYHA class III HF progression, requiring hospitalization.Results. During the follow-up period (median follow-up, 36 (6; 152) months) in 59 of 90 (65,5%) patients with NCM in combination with DCM, symptoms progressed to NYHA class III HF, requiring hospitalization. Multivariate analysis showed following independent risk factors for HF-related hospitalization: a decrease in GLS <10% (hazard ratio (HR), 5,1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,6-16,7, p<0,007) and an increase in SI >0,5 (HR, 9,0; 95% CI, 2,2-37,8, p<0,003) .The 3-year event-free survival rate for patients with one risk factor (GLS, %<10 and SI <0,5; GLS, %>10 and SI >0,5) was 79,2±16,9% and 64,4±24,6%, respectively, while for the group with two risk factors (GLS, %<10 and SI>0,5) — 12,3%.Conclusion. Global longitudinal strain characteristics according to 2D Strain echocardiography and SI according to cardiac MRI are associated with adverse events in NCM and DCM combination and can be used to identify patients with a high risk of HF progression to NYHA class III, requiring hospitalization

The existence of a real pole-free solution of the fourth order analogue of the Painleve I equation

We establish the existence of a real solution y(x,T) with no poles on the real line of the following fourth order analogue of the Painleve I equation, x=Ty-({1/6}y^3+{1/24}(y_x^2+2yy_{xx})+{1/240}y_{xxxx}). This proves the existence part of a conjecture posed by Dubrovin. We obtain our result by proving the solvability of an associated Riemann-Hilbert problem through the approach of a vanishing lemma. In addition, by applying the Deift/Zhou steepest-descent method to this Riemann-Hilbert problem, we obtain the asymptotics for y(x,T) as x\to\pm\infty.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figure

Metabolic Risk Factors and Their Impact on Quality of Life in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer, Acute or Exacerbated Chronic Pancreatitis

Аim: to evaluate metabolic risk factors and their impact on quality of life in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) and in patients with acute or exacerbated chronic pancreatitis.Materials and methods. Forty-five patients with PC (group 1) and 141 patients with acute pancreatitis or exacerbated chronic pancreatitis (group 2) in an observational multicenter clinical cross-sectional uncontrolled study were examined. Clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination of patients and assessment of risk factors (lipid profile, blood plasma glucose, obesity, arterial hypertension) were carried out in accordance with clinical recommendations. Patients completed the SF-36 questionnaire once to assess quality of life at hospital admission before treatment.Results. In group 1, indicators of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in blood serum (3.7 ± 0.2; 2.2 ± 0.2 and 0.8 ± 0.1 mmol/L) were lower than in group 2 (5.1 ± 0.1; 3.1 ± 0.1 and 1.2 ± 0.1 mmol/L; p < 0.05). Arterial hypertension was more common in group 1 (55.6 %) than in group 2 (34.8 %; p = 0.013). The presence of arterial hypertension increases the chance of having PC by 2.7 times (p < 0.05). Body mass index parameters, including obesity, as well as parameters of triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose, did not differ between the groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed a direct relationship with PC HDL hypocholesterolemia (Exp B = 4.976; p < 0.001) and arterial hypertension (Exp B = 2.742; p = 0.027) and an inverse relationship — with hypercholesterolemia (Exp B = 0.204; p = 0.002). The chance of having PC was not associated with age, fasting plasma glucose ³ 7.0 mmol/L, obesity. Quality of life indicators were higher in group 1 than in group 2 on four SF-36 scales: bodily pain (68.1 ± 5.1 and 36.8 ± 2.0; p < 0.001), general health (51.1 ± 2.5 and 38.0 ± 1.7 points; p < 0.001), social functioning (74.7 ± 3.0 and 64.5 ± 2.2 points; p = 0.007), role emotional functioning (28.2 ± 5.2 and 12.5 ± 3.1 points; p = 0.007) and in the general domain “physical component of health” (40.2 ± 1.0 and 33.6 ± 0.8 points; p < 0.001). In group 1 with HDL hypocholesterolemia compared with its absence, the indicators of role emotional functioning (22.2 ± 5.1 and 51.9 ± 13.7 points; p = 0.020) were lower, with arterial hypertension compared with its absence — role physical functioning (5.0 ± 4.0 and 25.5 ± 7.5 points; p = 0.036) and role emotional functioning (16.0 ± 5.1 and 43.3 ± 8.8 points; p = 0.007) were lower.Conclusions. In patients with PC arterial hypertension was more common and the levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C and HDL-C were lower than in patients with acute or exacerbated chronic pancreatitis. The chance of having PC is directly associated with HDL hypocholesterolemia, with arterial hypertension, inversely — with hypercholesterolemia, and is not associated with age, fasting plasma glucose ³ 7 mmol/L, or obesity. In patients with PC, quality of life indicators were higher on four SF-36 scales and on the general domain “physical component of health” than in the group with acute or exacerbated chronic pancreatitis. In patients with PC metabolic factors significantly worsened self-assessment of quality of life in terms of role functioning; in patients with acute or exacerbated chronic pancreatitis there was no such association

Familial adenomatosis of the colon: current state of the problem

The urgency of the problem of familial adenomatosis of the colon (FAC) is caused both by the severity of the disease with the inevitable development of cancer without timely treatment, and the involvement of the patient's blood relatives in this problem. Due to the rare incidence of this disease, many issues require discussion. Aim. To determine the possibility of timely treatment of FAC patients maintaining a satisfactory quality of life. Materials and methods. The data on 5 FAC patients and 12 their blood relatives were studied. Clinical, endoscopic and genetic characteristics of the disease and treatment were analyzed. Results. demonstrated that family history, genetic and endoscopic examinations allow diagnosis of FAC. Colectomy with rectal resection and the creation of a small intestine reservoir with reservoir-rectal anastomosis provide a sufficient quality of life for patients. Examination of the patient's blood relatives reveals new patients requiring additional examination and treatment. Conclusion. The problem of FAC is multidisciplinary and involves therapists, gastroenterologists, pediatricians, geneticists, endoscopists, radiologists, surgeons and oncologists. Only a timely diagnosis can help the patient to undergo radical treatment before the development of colon cancer

Problems of forensic medical diagnosis of fatal poisoning drug «design»

The article considers methods of determining "designer" drugs in biological materials and issues of the legal status of methods. It is noted that there are methods of chemical-toxicological diagnosis, which allow to determine the presence of foreign chemicals in biological materials, potentially capable of causing psychotic reactions. However, there are certain legal conditions for the classification of chemical compounds as analogues of drugs or the inclusion in the list of drugs, which complicates the production of forensic medical examination.В статье рассматриваются методы определения «дизайнерских» наркотиков в биологических материалах и вопросы правового статуса методов. Отмечено, что существуют способы химико-токсикологической диагностики, которые позволяют определить в биологических материалах наличие посторонних химических веществ, потенциально способных вызывать психотические реакции. Однако, существуют определенные правовые условия для отнесения химических соединений к аналогам наркотических веществ или внесения в список наркотических средств, что затрудняет производство судебно-медицинской экспертизы

Аnalysis of lethal acute poisonings in Yekaterinburg and Sverdlovsk region

Importance of poisonings and problems of medicolegal diagnostics have been defined. The analysis of lethal poisonings indexes in Yekaterinburg (Sverdlovsk region) has been presented. Optimization of medical institutions has been concluded.Определено значение отравлений и проблемы судебно-медицинской диагностики, представлен анализ показателей смертельных отравлений в Свердловской области и г. Екатеринбурге, сделаны выводы по оптимизации работы медицинских организаци