Rationale for the choice of material for manufacture of adaptive underclothes for disabled children

The article substantiates the choice of materials for designing adaptive underclothes for the most severe group of children with infantile cerebral paralysis – bed patients. As a rule, these are denied children, who, in principle, spend their lives in medical hospitals, require constant care by medical staff. Such children are in sharp need of specialized adaptive underclothes, which could significantly improve the quality of life of such children and facilitate care for them by medical staff. In many respects the quality of similar clothes depends on properly selected materials. Analysis of modern innovative materials that could have been used to create such clothes was conducted. Hygienic, physical and mechanical properties of existing knitted materials were studied according to standard methods for identifying the most suitable for similar clothes

Rationale of the need for adaptive clothes for disabled children

The study conducted among medical personnel identified that children with infantile cerebral paralysisof the V severity level need clothes with improved properties that ensure the patient’s quality of life and the correct conduct of medical and hygienic procedures by medical personnel

AUTOMATIC MUCOUS GLANDS SEGMENTATION IN HISTOLOGICAL IMAGES

Mucous glands is an important diagnostic element in digestive pathology. The first step of differential diagnosis of colon polyps in order to assess their malignant potential is gland segmentation. The process of mucous glands segmentation is challenging as the glands not only needed to be separated from a background but also individually identified to obtain reliable morphometric criteria for quantitative diagnostic methods. We propose a new convolutional neural network for mucous gland segmentation that takes into account glands’ contours and can be used for gland instance segmentation. Training and evaluation of the network was performed on a standard Warwick-QU dataset as well as on the collected PATH-DT-MSU dataset of histological images obtained from hematoxylin and eosin staining of paraffin sections of colon biopsy material collected by our Pathology department. The collected PATH-DT-MSU dataset will be available at http://imaging.cs.msu.ru/en/research/histology

Immunohistochemical characteristics of Ki67 expression in premalignant lesions of the colon and rectum

According to the 2010 WHO classification, the precursors of colorectal cancer are conventional adenomas (tubular – AT, tubulo-villous – ATV and villous) and serrated lesions (hyperplastic polyps – HP, sessile serrated denomas/polyps – SSA/P, traditional serrated adenomas – TSA). The evaluation of Ki67 expression is one of the components of the malignant potential of premalignant lesions of the colon and rectum. Materials and methods. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki67 was assessed in 28 HP, 30 SSA/P, 15 TSA, 30 AT, 28 ATV. In all cases the average percentage and location of colored nuclei were estimated. Results. Ki67 expression in HP and SSA/P was predominantly registered in the lower crypt regions, the Ki67-index in HP was 63%, in the non-dilated crypts of SSA/P – 66,2% (p>0,05). In the dilated crypts of SSA/P the Ki67-index was 35,8%, that is significantly lower than in the HP and the non-dilated crypts of SSA/P (p0,05). In the ectopic crypts of TSA the Ki67-index is 29,9% and is not significantly different from the basal regions in ATV. Conclusion. The predominance of Ki67-positive cells in the upper half of the crypts supports the "descending" model of cancer development in AT, ATV and TSA; the predominance of Ki67-positive cells in the lower half of the crypts in HP and SSA/P may be indicative of the "ascending" model of carcinogenesis. Based on the predominant localization of Ki67-positive cells and the index of proliferative activity, it is possible to divide the premalignant lesions of the colon and rectum into two groups: serrated lesions (HP + SSA/P) and conventional adenomas (AT + ATV + TSA).Согласно классификации ВОЗ 2010 года предшественниками колоректального рака являются классические аденомы (тубулярные – АТ, тубуло-ворсинчатые – ATV и ворсинчатые) и зубчатые образования (гиперпластические полипы – НР, зубчатые аденомы/полипы на широком основании – SSA/P, традиционные зубчатые аденомы – TSA). определение экспрессии Ki67 является одним из компонентов оценки потенциала злокачественности предопухолевых образований толстой кишки. Материалы и методы. Проведена оценка иммуногистохимической экспрессии Ki67 в 28 НР, 30 SSA/P, 15 TSA, 30 АТ, 28 ATV. Во всех случаях оценивался средний процент и локализация окрашенных ядер. результаты. В НР и SSA/P экспрессия Ki67 отмечена преимущественно в нижних отделах крипт, индекс Ki67 в НР составил 63%, в нерасширенных криптах SSA/P – 66,2% (р>0,05). В расширенных криптах SSA/P индекс Ki67 составил 35,8%, что достоверно ниже, чем в НР и нерасширенных криптах SSA/P (р0,05). В эктопических криптах TSA индекс Ki67 составляет 29,9% и достоверно не отличается от базальных отделов крипт ATV. Выводы. Преобладание Ki67-позитивных клеток в верхней половине крипт свидетельствуют в пользу «нисходящей» модели развития рака в АТ, ATV и TSA; преобладание Ki67-позитивных клеток в нижней половине крипт в НР и SSA/P может свидетельствовать в пользу «восходящей» модели канцерогенеза. На основании преимущественной локализации Ki67-позитивных клеток и индекса пролиферативной активности можно разделить предопухолевые образования толстой кишки на две группы – зубчатые образования (НР + SSA/P) и классические аденомы (АТ + ATV + TSA)

Endoscopic Analysis of Microstructures of the Colon Mucosa on the Edge of the Post-Resection Defect as a Measure of Preventing Recurrence of Polyps after a Cold Polypectomy

The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of endoscopic removal of small (less than 10 mm) colon polyps with a cold snare on the basis of endoscopic microstructural analysis of the edges of the post-resection defect using high-resolution video endoscopic equipment.Methods. In 74 patients (22 men and 52 women) aged 28 to 84 years (average age 59.3 ± 3.6 years), 103 colon polyps of types 0-IIa — 82 (79.7 %) and 0-Is — 21 (20.3 %), without the signs of severe dysplasia and cancer, were removed through the endoscope by the using of a cold snare, followed by mandatory inspection of the edges of the post-resection defect. A complete endoscopic analysis of the microstructures and the capillary vessels of the mucosa was performed on the edge of the post-resection defect, and then was compared to the histological image.Results. The endoscopic criteria for completely performed cold snare resection were identified, they are parallel crypts and the structure of intestinal pits of type I (S. Kudo) in the edge of the post-resection defect, which were observed in 93 (90.3 %) cases. Signs of residual tissue were dilated altered crypts with a violation of the parallelism of their location, which were observed in 10 (9.7 %) cases. The difference between the spatial location of crypts in the rectum (the effect of “falling crypts”) was identified, which complicates the differential diagnosis of normal and residual tumor tissue. In the endoscopic diagnosis of the vascular pattern of the colon mucosa was determined that flat-elevated polyps have a fine capillary network, which reduces the risk of bleeding when use a cold resection method. An observation (diagnostic colonoscopy) was performed in 11 (10.7 %) patients, including a case with the polyp with high grade displasia. No advance adenomas and interval cancers were detected.Conclusion. Тhis research helps to ensure reliable diagnosis of the completeness of performed endoscopic intervention and the possibility of removal of residual tumor tissue (if present) immediately after its completion, it’s allow a reduction in the number of recurrences of tumors

Dynamics of blood pressure and heart rate, weight and biochemical analysis of blood in patients with high SSR without type 2 diabetes on the background of treatment with semaglutide (GPP-1)

Results of a research of dynamics of indicators HELL, weight and biochemical blood test (ALT, nuclear heating plant, SKF, S-jet protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, LPVP, LPNP, HbA1C) at patients with high SSR and overweight, but without diabetes 2 types against the background of application of a semaglutid are presented in article. The indicators presented during the statistical processing make it possible to contribute to the study of new GPP-1 preparations.В статье представлены результаты исследования динамики показателей АД, веса и биохимического анализа крови (АЛТ, АСТ, СКФ, С-реактивного белка, холестерина, триглицеридов, ЛПВП, ЛПНП, HbA1C) у пациентов с высоким ССР и избыточной массой тела, но без сахарного диабета 2 типа на фоне применения семаглутида. Представленные, выявленные в ходе статистической обработки, показатели позволяют внести вклад в изучение новых препаратов ГПП-1

Dynamics of blood pressure and heart rate, weight and biochemical analysis of blood in patients with high SSR without type 2 diabetes on the background of treatment with semaglutide (GPP-1)

Results of a research of dynamics of indicators HELL, weight and biochemical blood test (ALT, nuclear heating plant, SKF, S-jet protein, cholesterol, triglycerides, LPVP, LPNP, HbA1C) at patients with high SSR and overweight, but without diabetes 2 types against the background of application of a semaglutid are presented in article. The indicators presented during the statistical processing make it possible to contribute to the study of new GPP-1 preparations.В статье представлены результаты исследования динамики показателей АД, веса и биохимического анализа крови (АЛТ, АСТ, СКФ, С-реактивного белка, холестерина, триглицеридов, ЛПВП, ЛПНП, HbA1C) у пациентов с высоким ССР и избыточной массой тела, но без сахарного диабета 2 типа на фоне применения семаглутида. Представленные, выявленные в ходе статистической обработки, показатели позволяют внести вклад в изучение новых препаратов ГПП-1

Материалы итоговой конференции молодых ученых МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова, 2013 г

Хронический эндометрит занимает ведущее место в развитии нарушений репродуктивной функции, использование современных иммуноморфологических методов исследования эндометрия, позволяющих детально описать патологические изменения, происходящие на фоне воспалительного процесса в ткани (нарушение процессов апоптоза и пролиферации, дисбаланс цитокинов и факторов роста, резкое изменение ангиоархитектоники ткани), является эффективной составляющей в диагностике и последующей предгравидарной подготовке у данной категории больных