Uji Efektivitas Biopestisida sebagai Pengendali Biologi terhadap Penyakit Antraknos pada Cabai Merah

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menguji efektivitas PfM BO 001 50 WP biopestisida dan BsBE 001 50 WP terhadap penyakit antraknos pada cabai merah. Penelitian dilakukan di rumahkaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang pada bulan September sampai Desember 2003, menggunakan benih cabai merah varietas Jetset. Inokulasi cendawan patogen Colletrotrichum gloeosporioides dilakukan pada 70 hari setelah tanam dengan (4-5)x106 konidia. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok yang terdiri dari 8 perlakuan dengan 4 ulangan. Jenis perlakuan yang diuji yaitu PfMBO 001 50 WP 0,7 g/l, PfMBO 001 50 WP 0,35 g/l, PfMBO 001 50 WP 0,175 g/l, BsBE 001 50 WP 0,7g/l, BsBE 001 50 WP 0,35 g/l, BsBE 001 50 WP 0,175 g/l, fungisida Bion 1/48 WP 2 g/l, dan kontrol. Interval waktu aplikasi 7 hari setelah muncul buah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa formulasi biopestisida PfMBO 001 50 WP dan BsBE 001 50 WP masing-masing konsentrasi 0,7 g/l, mempunyai potensi yang baik menekan intensitas serangan penyakit antraknos sebesar 2,60% dan 2,76% yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan fungisida standar Bion 1/48 WP 2g/l sebesar 2,07% dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya.Effectivity of biopesticides as biological control to anthracnose disease on red pepper. Objectives of the experiment was to determine the effect of various concentration formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens PfM BO 001 50 WP and Bacillus subtilis BsBE 001 50 WP to anthracnose disease on red pepper. The experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Lembang from September to December 2003. Jetset variety of pepper was used. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, consisted of 8 treatments, i.e., PfMBO 001 50 WP (concentration: 0.7 g/l, 0.35 g/l, 0.175 g/l), BsBE 001 50 WP (concentration: 0.7g/l, 0.35 g/l, 0.175 g/l), fungicide Bion 1/48 WP 2 g/l, and control using water, with 4 replications. Results of this study showed that application of biopesticide formulation of PfMBO 001 50 WP and BsBE 001 50 WP 0.7 g/l, gave the best result to suppresed the intensity of anthracnose disease at 2.60% and 2.76% and was not significantly different with standard fungicide Bion 1/48 WP 2 g/l (2.07 %), and significantly different with the other treatments

Analisa Strategi Bersaing pada Bakery Donalson di Makassar

Bakery Donalson adalah Perusahaan yang menjual produk roti dan kue yang berdomisili di Makassar. Pada skripsi ini, peneliti membahas tentang strategi bersaing pada USAha Bakery Donalson di Makassar. Masalah yang sedang dihadapai Bakery Donalson saat ini yaitu penurun penjualan karena adanya pesaing-pesaing besar yang sudah memiliki nama sebagai bakery terbaik seperti seperti Bakery Holland dan Dapur Cokelat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dimana data diperoleh dari wawancara dengan penentuan narasumber purposive sampling dan uji keabsahan data yang digunakan triangulasi sumber. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Resource Based View, pendekatan Porter\u27s Five Forces Models dan Matriks SWOT. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisa SWOT menunjukkan alternative yang bisa dirumuskan adalah mempertahankan kerjasama yang baik antara Donalson dan pemasok, meningkatkan kualitas produk Donalson (SO), melakukan promosi, membeli dan menjaga kualitas mesin (WO), melakukan inovasi produk (ST), melakukan promosi dan meningkatkan kualitas produk (WT)

Virulensi Dan Ras Ralstonia Solanacearum Pada Pertanaman Kentang Di Kecamatan Pangalengan, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat

. Gunawan, O.S. 2006. Race and virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum in potato growing at Pangalengan,West Java. Research was conducted on January-December 2001. Samples of soil, infected plants, and tuber of potato were collected from 83 sites in 13 villages using the Kiraly method. Nitro cellular membrane Elisa test was done using Sylvie Priouw (1996) method. The ability of R. solanacearum to oxydize 6 kinds of carbohydrates and pathogenicity test were done by AVRDC method. The results shown that virulence of R. solanacearum isolates were different among locations. Pathogenicity test of those bacteria shown high virulence in solanaceae family such as tomatoes and potatoes but less virulence in pepper, eggplant, and ginger. Based on the ability of bacteria to oxydize 6 kinds of carbohydrates, all isolates collected from 13 villages were belong to 2 groups, i.e. ras 1 biovar III from soil samples, and race 3 biovar II from plants and potato tubers

Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza Untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Serapan Unsur Hara NPK Serta Pengaruhnya Terhadap Hasil Dan Kualitas Umbi Bawang Merah

. Sumiati, E. and O.S. Gunawan. 2007. Application of Mycorrhizal Biofertilizer to Increase the Efficiency of NPK Uptake and its Effects on Yield and Quality of Shallot Bulbs. Yield and quality of shallot bulbs can be improved by application of NPK 15-15-15 in combination with mycorrhizal biofertilizer. Research was conducted at the greenhouse of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang (1,250 m asl) from July to October 2001. A split plot design with 3 replications was arranged. Main plot was dosage of NPK 15-15-15, viz. 0, 2.5, and 5.0 g/plant. Subplot was dosage of mycorrhizal biofertilizer, viz. 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g/plant. Research results revealed that the application of 2.5 g/plant NPK 15-15-15 in combination with mycorrhizal biofertilizer 2.5 g/plant increased the percentage of root infected by mycorrhiza. While the highest number of mycorrhizal spores at shallot rhizosphere was gained from application of 2.5 g/plant NPK 15-15-15 + 5 g/plant mycorrhizal biofertilizer. Species of mycorrhiza which infected shallot roots were Glomus sp. black, Glomus sp., and Gigaspora sp.. NPK content and the growth of shallot were increased by application of NPK 15-15-15 and biofertilizer. The yield of shallot increased significantly by application of NPK 15-15-15 dosage of 2.5 to 5.0 g/plant or mycorrhizal biofertilizer dosage of 2.5 to 5.0 g/plant. Application of both NPK 15-15-15 and mycorrhizal biofertilizer did not increase the dry matter of shallot bulb

Analisis Pola Perjalanan Orang Di Kota Pangkalpinang

The vast development of construction is Pangkalpinang City has implicated the rapid growth of population, labor, economy, facility and infrastructure, industries, trading, and tourism has brought a great impact on mobility, which means the increase of time and cost of commuting in the traffic system. An analysis of commutation patterns in Pangkalpinang City is conducted using household interview survey or questionnaires and average daily traffic survey on the roads including secondary data needed in this study. Daily commuting pattern in a city is the combination of work, education, shopping, and schooling commuting pattern. Based on the analysis of the commuting characteristic of people in Pangkalpinang City, it is known that the life standard of most Pangkalpinang people has gotten better economically. This is shown in the increase of household income percentage between Rp 1.500.000 – Rp 2.000.000/month with a composition of workers dominating the number of students. In their daily commuting, most people 75,86% ride motorcycles. This number rises every year, higher than other types of vehicles such as cars (11,78%). The matrix of origin-destination shows that travels between the same origin-destination zone dominates in one district. The area with the highest same origin-destination commutation is Rangkui, and the lowest is Pangkalbalam. This suggests that the commutations done by most of Pangkalpinang residents is still in relatively close range

Dependence of persistent gaps at Landau level crossings on relative spin

We report measurements of the quantum Hall state energy gap at avoided crossings between Landau levels originating from different conduction band valleys in AlAs quantum wells. These gaps exhibit an approximately linear dependence on magnetic field over a wide range of fields and filling factors. More remarkably, we observe an unexpected dependence of the gap size on the relative spin orientation of the crossing levels, with parallel-spin crossings exhibiting larger gaps than antiparallel-spin crossings.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publicatio

Valley susceptibility of an interacting two-dimensional electron system

We report direct measurements of the valley susceptibility, the change of valley population in response to applied symmetry-breaking strain, in an AlAs two-dimensional electron system. As the two-dimensional density is reduced, the valley susceptibility dramatically increases relative to its band value, reflecting the system's strong electron-electron interaction. The increase has a remarkable resemblance to the enhancement of the spin susceptibility and establishes the analogy between the spin and valley degrees of freedom.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure