Knowledge, Attitude and Barriers towards Children Immunization among Women in Selected Rural Primary Health Centres

This study explored the knowledge, attitude and barriers to children immunization among women in four selected Rural Primary Health Centres. Immunization coverage rates in Nigeria have remained very poor especially in rural communities despite a plethora of programs and strategies. A survey research questionnaire made up of three trajectories (Attitude, knowledge and barriers to childhood immunization) was used in this study (n= 79, mean= 33 +/-6.9years). This study made use of descriptive and inferential statistic. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The study indicates that about 80% of the respondents are aware that immunization services are available at primary healthcare centres, but less than half are aware that immunization against polio is meant for children who are 5 years and below. For barriers, about 53% reported they have no confidence in the quality and safety of vaccines being used while 62% reported that health workers are not sufficiently trained. For attitude, most agreed that immunization make children grow healthy (66%). In this study, knowledge of immunization was a better predictor of barriers to immunization (β = 0.633; t = 2.108; p < 0.05). Mothers could be motivated to have their children immunized by doubling efforts at enlightening them and by reiterating the benefits of child immunization to pregnant women during ante-natal clinics. Good healthcare facilities and improve personnel services will encourage more uptakes of immunization services

Assessment of Alcohol and Substance Use among Undergraduates in Selected Private Universities in Southwest Nigeria

Introduction: The use of alcohol dates back to time immemorial. The use of alcohol and other substances such as cannabis, nicotine, ecstasy and other amphetamines among students in tertiary institutions is widespread. Use of alcohol and other substances has negative effects both on its user and the society at large; hence, the urgent need to identify factors that contribute to the continued use of these drugs Methodology: 431 students between ages 15 and 25 (n=431, mean=18.7 (+1-2.3 years) were randomly selected from four private tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria. An adapted and validated version of the World Health Organization (WHO) questionnaire on drug use surveys was employed for data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Amongst the respondents, cigarette smoking (81%) and alcohol (72%) use had the highest prevalence followed by use of coffee, energy drinks and kolanut (69%). Past and current use of alcohol occurred more among the males. There was no significant contribution of parental use (/] = -.145; t = 1.81 3; p>O. 05) and peer influence (/] = 0. 006; t = 0.164; p>O. 05) on student's use of alcohol, however, age (/] = -. 338; t = 4./40; p<O. 005) was a strong predictor of students use of alcohol and other substances. Conclusion: There is need for urgent public health preventive intervention on our campuses. More educational campaigns on the negative consequences of alcohol and substance use is advocated. The use of alcohol and other substances poses a grave challenge to the future of our future generations. It should be discouraged by all

INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP LEARNING ON TASK ACHIEVEMENT: IMPACT ON PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN NIGERIA

Background: The study examined the effect of individual versus group learning experiences on the task achievement among pupils. For pupils, how the learning occurs and what goes on while they are learning impacts on their academic performance. In doing this, teachers use several means to enhance their teaching so as to ensure that the pupils are able to understand what they are taught. Method: The design was experimental in nature. Data were obtained from twenty four (24) primary six pupils. Two hypotheses were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Results revealed there was a significant difference in the performance of task given to those who were exposed to group learning and those who were exposed to individual learning (U= 20,000, N1= 12, N2= 12, p= 0.000), but there was no significant difference in the performance in task achievement between males and females exposed to individual learning (U= 11,000, N1= 6, N2= 6, p= 0.310) and group learning (U= 16,000, N1= 6, N2= 6, p= 0.82). Conclusion: From the study, pupils who were exposed to group learning performed better to those exposed to individual learning. Teachers are to encourage pupils to use group learning to improve performance. It is recommended that teachers create a classroom environment that facilitates children’s interactions and collaborations. At this stage, collaborative learning may be more beneficia

Dataset on perception of public college students on underage drinking in Nigeria

Alcohol is the most widely used substance of abuse among youths in Nigeria. Underage drinking poses a serious public health problem in most colleges and despite the health and safety risk, consumption of alcohol is rising. Having recourse to the public health objective on alcohol by the World Health organization, which is to reduce the health burden caused by the harmful use of alcohol, thereby saving live and reducing injuries, this data article explored the nature of alcohol use among college students, binge drinking and the consequences of alcohol consumption. Secondary school students are in a transition developmentally and this comes with its debilitating effects such as risky alcohol use which affects their health and educational attainment [1,2]. This data article consists of data obtained from 809 (ages 14e20 years) participants from selected schools in Ota, near Lagos State, Nigeria. For data collection, the youth questionnaire on underage drinking was employed. This data article presents information on participants' alcohol demographics. Analyses of the data can provide insights into heavy episodic drinking (HED), ever drinkers, prevalence of alcohol consumption, strategies to reducing alcohol use, reasons fo

A survey of alcohol vulnerability of male prison inmates in Nigeria

Alcohol and substance abuse has been linked with criminal behavior particularly recidivism.. Criminal recidivism is the act of re-offending or persistent involvement in criminal activities. The study investigated the effect of alcohol abuse on the recidivism risk levels, number of times convicted/imprisoned and nature of offence of prison inmates in Nigeria. The Self Appraisal Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered to 1200 inmates in six prisons across Nigeria. The results of the study revealed that alcohol/substance abuse has significant effect on the recidivism risk levels and the number of times convicted among inmates. However alcohol has no significant effect on the nature of inmates&rsquo; offense. The study recommends the need for the Nigerian Prisons Service to commence programmes targeted towards treatment of alcohol /substance abuse,.Keywords: alcohol, criminal recidivism, prison inmates

Socio-cultural norms encouraging violence against women (VAW) from a popular ethnic group in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and the roles of schools in preventing VAW

Existing literature has shown that violence against women (VAW) is still common in Africa. Harmful traditional cultural norms have contributed to VAW. The identification and the awareness of the negative effect of these socio-cultural norms (SCN) will reduce VAW in Nigeria. This work looks at the socio-cultural norms (SCN) that lead to violence against rural and sub-urban Nigerian women. A mixed research approach involving 400 people from Ikaland of different age levels, marital status, and educational attainment was adopted. More than 75% of the respondents agreed that blaming the wife for her husband’s angry outburst, not prospering, and his mysterious death are the leading promoters of VAW. Others are; that a woman is not accorded respect if she is not married, and it is not proper for a wife to deed any landed property in her name. Participants suggested that schools could minimise these SCN by using the teaching-learning process, mass media, and professional academic associations to carry out public campaigns. This investigation adds to the current body of information on SCN that promote VAW in the various ethnic groups and provides ways the schools can contribute to combating these norms. Educational stakeholders should implement the recommended school ways of eliminating these identified socio-cultural norms

BULLYING BEHAVIOUR AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS: ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES

Introduction: This study sought to investigate the prevalence of bullying as well as to identify gender differences that exist in bullying behaviour. Bullying occurs mostly among children and adolescents in several settings such as schools and on the streets. The thrust of this study is on bullying that occur in schools. Methodology: Four hundred secondary school students (mean age = 17.8, SD = 1.2) were randomly selected in four urban secondary school students in Lagos. The descriptive survey research design was employed for this study. A research question and one research hypothesis were raised and tested. The Bullying Prevalence Questionnaire (BPQ) by Rigby and Slee was adopted for data collection in this study. Results: There was a high prevalence of bullying behaviour among the participants’. The result showed a significant gender differences in the prevalence of bullying behaviour (t = 3.135, df = 398, p < 0.05), the perpetration of bullying behaviour (t = .349, df = 156, p < 0.05) and in being a victims of bullying behaviour (t = 1.332, df = 171, p < 0.05). Conclusion: To prevent psychopathological tendencies among victims of bullying, educational administrators are encouraged to put mechanisms in place to check incidences of bullying behaviour before they fester and to encourage victims to report acts of bullying with perpetrators sanctioned accordingly

Awareness, knowledge, and utilisation of online digital tools for literature review in educational research

There is an inequality in developed and developing countries' research output in highly reputable databases. One way to reduce this inequality is to encourage researchers in developing countries to use online digital tools. This article examines the contribution of lecturers' awareness and knowledge to utilising the free online digital tools (FODT) available for literature review in the field of education. A correlation research approach involving 180 academic staff in tertiary institutions in southern Nigeria was adopted, using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. A structured questionnaire elicited the participants' awareness, knowledge, and utilisation of the free online digital tools available for literature review. The findings indicate a low level of awareness, knowledge, and utilisation of the FODT. The two regression models revealed that the lecturers' level of awareness and knowledge accounted for significant contributions to the level of the lecturers' utilisation of the FODT. These results demonstrate a link between lecturers' level of awareness and knowledge to their utilisation of the FODT. It was recommended that stakeholders in research and education create awareness of the availability of these FODTs, carry out workshops on how to use them and replicate this study in other developing countries