MICE SERUM CYTOKINE LEVEL UNDER MUCOSAL IMMUNIZATION WITH OPPORTUNISTIC MICROBIAL ANTIGENS

An important parameter of immunotropic preparation effect is the influence on the production of cytokines that provide the interaction between the effectors of both congenital and adaptive immunity. Cytokine level was determined in the work while using the methods of mucosal immunization with Immunovac-VP-4 and compared with the subcutaneous introduction of this preparation. In case of intranasal and peroral methods of antigen application IL-5, IL-6, and IL-12 expression was found to be elevated, the same was true for IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ under the subcutaneous immunization. Resulting mice cytokine profile confirmed that irrespective of the method of Immunovac introduction, the activation of immune effectors occurred that was manifested in the increase in proinflammatory and regulatory cytokine levels. It was concluded that the introduction of opportunistic microbial antigens initiated the activation of the cascade of immunologic reactions and under the influence of synthesized cytokines the polarization of immune response was involved that was predominantly of Th1 type

DYNAMICS OF SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS IN ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS DURING PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD

The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of serum immunoglobulins from oncological patients in the perioperative period. As a result of investigations, it was established that already at the initial stage of the intraoperative period the IgM concentration was elevated in patients' sera, and persisted up to 3 days after surgical intervention, while exceeding the values of the control group by 30—80 %. At the same time, no significant changes were detected in IgA and IgG levels of examined patients in the perioperative period. The obtained data confirm the expediency of carrying out the monitoring of immunoglobulin levels in oncological patients both in intra-, and postoperative periods and can be used for the assessment of patient's immune status and in the choice of immunocorrecting therapy strategy

К 20-летию журнала «БИОпрепараты. Профилактика, диагностика, лечение»

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MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES OF MUCOSAL IMMUNITY DEPENDING ON METHODS OF OPPORTUNISTIC MICROBIAL INTRODUCTION

Immunophenotypic and morphological peculiarities of immune reactions under intranasal, peroral and subcutaneous introduction of multicomponent vaccine Immunovac VP-4 containing a group of opportunistic bacterial antigens were investigated. The investigated preparation was found to cause marked activation of congenital immunity effectors both in parenteral and mucosal immunization. It is manifested in the expression of differential, costimulatory, adhesive molecules on the surface of mononuclear leukocytes in proliferation of key mucosal immunity effectors (γδТ, В1, NK cells), and changes in structure, cellular composition of immunocompetent organs both regional and distant as to the site of introduction. Currently existing data on effects and mechanisms of vaccine and immunomodulator mucosal introduction allows considering the development of mucosal mono- and associated vaccines as the priority direction in modern vaccinology

NATURAL KILLER T CELLS IN HEPATIC LEUCOCYTE INFILTRATES IN PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT PROCESS AND VIRAL HEPATITIS

Morphology, topography, and immunohistochemical features of leukocyte infiltrates were studied in various sites of the liver samples from the patients with metastatic disease, been affected by hepatitis B and C viruses at different degree of activity. Liver of СВА mice with implanted САО-1 tumour was also under study. Histochemical, and functional features, as well as immune phenotype of these cells were investigated. It has been shown that the major fraction of leukocyte infiltrates, mostly associated with implanted tumours in experimental mice, and in the areas adjacent to the tumor in humans, like as on the peak of viral hepatitis activity, is composed of lymphocytes. They are presented by large numvers of activated proliferating and differentiating cells bearing specific antigens, as well as natural killers and T-lymphocytes, possessing high-level killer activity towards NK-sensitive, and autologous lines of cancer cells. Hence, the results of our study, generally, confirm the data from literature reporting on existence of a special lymphocyte subpopulation, NKT cells, in human or murine liver affected by hepatitis virus or malignant tumors. The data concerning functional properties of these cells may be used for development of immunotherapy methods of viral diseases and oncological conditions complicated by liver metastases

INFLUENCE OF IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS IMMUNOVAK VP-4 AND PROFETAL ON FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES

Immunomodulating ability of a bacterial preparation (Immunovak VP-4 vaccine), and a compound of eukariotic origin (profetal), the main active component of human α-fetoprotein were under investigation in present study. Culturing of mononuclear leukocytes with the immunomodulatory factors promotes quantitative increase of the cells that express surface antigens specific for cytotoxic lymphocytes, natural killers and natural killer T-cells. Both bio-active preparations possess an expressed anti-cancer effect in vitro, i.e., they induce activation of killing properties of human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes, which is accompanied by acquiring their characteristic phenotype