Revenue Crop Insurance Demand

A two-stage simultaneous equation is utilized to model the choice of whether to purchase insurance and the choice of whether to purchase yield or revenue insurance using subjectively elicited survey data. Our results show an elasticity of demand for crop insurance that remains largely unchanged from earlier estimates (-0.40), but the elasticity for choices between yield and revenue insurance is found to be relatively more elastic (-0.76). Finally the link between adverse selection and the demand for insurance is examined.Demand and Price Analysis,

Screening of Medical Plants on Skin Cancer Cell Lines A375 and B16 Using Cell Viability Assay

2019 dissertation for MRes. According to the cancer research UK (2017), 14.1 million new cases of cancer were registered leading to the death of 8.2 million patients in 2012. It is estimated that by 2030, the incidence rate of cancer will rise to 23.6 million cases per year. (2017). Skin cancer melanoma is the 5th most common cancer in the UK as per Cancer Research UK (2015). This study focuses on skin cancer melanoma due to its increasing mortality rate. This study aims to screen medicinal plants from across the world against skin cancer melanoma. 26 medicinal plants were extracted with chloroform and methanol. 52 extracts of 26 plants were screened for anti-proliferation against human skin cancer melanoma cell line A375 and mice skin cancer melanoma cell line B16, using a colorimetric assay MTT. Plants like Horsetail and Melissa officinalis have shown significant results in decrease of cell viability. Melissa officinalis Lemon Balm has majorly shown a significant decrease in % cell viability in methanol extracts (IC₅₀= 0.39μg/ml) in comparison to positive control (IC₅₀= 0.65μg/ml) on B16 cell line. Equisetum arvense Horsetail shows less than 25% cell viability across all the extracts and cell lines. This study unveils interesting anticancer activity of some medicinal plants from across the world

Lax pair and Darboux transformation of noncommutative U(N) principal chiral model

We present a noncommutative generalization of Lax formalism of U(N) principal chiral model in terms of a one-parameter family of flat connections. The Lax formalism is further used to derive a set of parametric noncommutative B\"{a}cklund transformation and an infinite set of conserved quantities. From the Lax pair, we derive a noncommutative version of the Darboux transformation of the model.Comment: 1+20 page

Crop Revenue and Yield Insurance Demand: A Subjective Probability Approach

A multinomial logit is utilized to model the choice of whether to purchase yield or revenue insurance using subjectively elicited survey data. Our results indicate that the demand for crop insurance is inelastic (-0.40), consistent with most earlier yield elasticity estimates, but the elasticity for choices between yield and revenue insurance is found to be relatively more elastic (-0.88).crop insurance, elasticities, multinomial logit model, revenue demand, subjective elicitation, survey, Agribusiness, Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Q18,

Effect of Pulse Shapes on the Weldability of High Conductivity Copper ‎C101 by Nd-YAG Laser

تم لحام وصلات تراكب مماثلة من صفائح رقيقة من النحاس النقي C101 باستخدام اللحام بالليزر النبضي. تم دراسة تأثير معاملات اللحام بالليزر على الخواص الميكانيكية. أظهرت النتائج التجريبية أنه يمكن الحصول على وصلات خالية من عيوب الصوت من وصلات نحاسية - نحاسية مماثلة حيث يحدث الكسر بعيدًا عن خط اللحام. يقترح العمل الحالي تحسين التحكم في التصميم لثلاثة أشكال مختلفة للنبض؛ مستطيلة (عادية)، منحدرة لأسفل ومعدلة وتستخدم في لحام ست عينات نحاسية مختلفة لتحقيق أقصى قوة شد وقص للمفاصل. أوضحت النتائج أن شكل النبضة المعدلة هو الأمثل في اختبار شد القص. كان لشكل النبضة المنحدرة تأثير أقل أهمية على قوة المفصل النحاسي عند مقارنته بشكل النبضة المستطيلة. تم الحصول على العلاقة بين معلمات الإدخال والإخراج من خلال استخدام برنامج Minitab، وتم استخدام برنامج Matlab للوصول إلى الحل الأمثل. أظهرت الخوارزمية الجينية أن المقدار الأمثل الذي تم تحقيقه لقوة القص كان 77.9 ميجا باسكال، وكانت معلمات الإدخال المثلى هي طاقة النبضة البالغة 39 جول وعرض النبضة 8.5 وتردد 10 هرتز والسرعة الخطية 160 ملم / دقيقة. Similar lap joints of pure copper C101 thin sheets were welded using pulsed laser welding. The effect of laser welding parameters on mechanical properties was investigated. The experimental results revealed that sound defect-free joints could be obtained from similar copper-copper joints where the fracture occurs away from the weld line. The present work proposes improved design control for three different pulse shapes; rectangular (normal), ramped-down and modulated which are used to weld six different copper samples to achieve the optimum tensile-shear strength of the joints. Results showed that modulated pulse shape has the optimum in the shear-tensile test. Ramped-down pulse shape had a less significant effect on the strength of the copper joint when compared with the rectangular pulse shape.  The relationship between the input and output parameters was obtained by employing Minitab software, and the Matlab software was used in order to reach the optimum solution. The genetic algorithm showed that the optimum magnitude achieved for the shear strength was 77.9 MPa, and the optimum input parameters were pulse energy of 39J, the pulse width of 8.5, frequency of 10Hz and linear speed of 160mm/min.&nbsp

EXTRACTIVE-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF SOME ANTIMUSCARINIC ANTAGONIST IN TABLET FORMULATIONS USING ERIOCHROME CYANINE R

Objective: To develop and validate simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the assay of four antimuscarinic antagonists, namely oxybutynin (OXB), solifenacin (SOL), tolterodine (TOL) and fesoterodine (FES) in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.Methods: The proposed method is based on the reaction of the selected drugs with eriochrome cyanine R (ECR) in buffered aqueous solution at pH 1.0. The formed ion-pair complexes were extracted with dichloromethane and measured quantitatively with maximum absorption at 464 nm. All variables that affect on color intensity such as pH, buffer volume and concentration of ECR and extractive solvents were studied and optimized.Results: The calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range of 4–24, 4–32, 4–32 and 2–22 mg/ml for OXB, SOL, TOL and FES, respectively. The stoichiometry of the reaction was found to be 1:1 in all cases. Molar absorptivity values were found to be 2.043×104, 1.856×104, 1.798×104 and 2.856×104 l/mol/cm for OXB, SOL, TOL and FES, respectively. Excipients which used as an additive in commercial formulations did not interfere in the analysis.Conclusion: The developed method was successfully applied to determine OXB, SOL, TOL and FES in pharmaceutical preparations. The developed method can be used for quality control and routine analysis where time, cost effectiveness and high specificity of analytical technique are of great importance

Conserved Quantities in Noncommutative Principal Chiral Model with Wess-Zumino Term

We construct noncommutative extension of U(N) principal chiral model with Wess-Zumino term and obtain an infinite set of local and non-local conserved quantities for the model using iterative procedure of Brezin {\it et.al} \cite{BIZZ}. We also present the equivalent description as Lax formalism of the model. We expand the fields perturbatively and derive zeroth- and first-order equations of motion, zero-curvature condition, iteration method, Lax formalism, local and non-local conserved quantities.Comment: 14 Page

A compact frequency reconfigurable hybrid DRA for LTE/Wimax applications

Copyright © 2017 Sajid Aqeel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.A compact hybrid antenna structure with frequency reconfiguration capabilities is presented in this article. The proposed design employs a combination of a rectangular DR element and a coupling slot on the structure’s ground plane (GP). The slot shifts the fundamental DRA mode by introducing a slow wave effect and its resonant behavior helps to achieve an omni-directional pattern at low frequencies. The slot is loaded with a series of PIN diode switches whose ON/OFF combinations alter the effective slot length. Slot loading with PIN diodes results in frequency reconfiguration of the proposed structure with a large tuning range of 76.2 % (between 1.73 to 3.86 GHz). A parametric analysis was performed to investigate the effects of slot length, width and position on the reflection coefficients of the proposed structure. A prototype of the proposed design was fabricated and results were measured. The measured results show a close agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed design is suitable for DCS 1800 MHz, PCS 1900 MHZ, UMTS, LTE 2500-2700 MHz, and Wimax 3.5 GHz