Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 176 in the Czech Republic and Poland

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

Increasing incidence of Clostridium difficile ribotype 001 associated with severe course of the infection and previous fluoroquinolone use in the Czech Republic, 2015

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

The recognition and characterisation of Finnish Clostridium difficile isolates resembling PCR-ribotype 027

Purpose: To characterise and compare twenty-eight Finnish Clostridium difficile RT027-like isolates, selected based on the presence of 18 bp deletion in the tcdC gene and toxin gene profile (A, B, binary), with eleven RT027 isolates from different Finnish geographical areas and time periods.Methods: Twenty-eight C. difficile RT027-like isolates and 11 RT027 comparative strains were characterised by capillary-electrophoresis (CE) ribotyping, multi-locus variable tandem-repeats analysis (MLVA), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and sequencing of tcdC and gyrA gene fragments. Susceptibility to moxifloxacin was determined by E-test.Results: Of 28 RT027-like isolates, seven RTs (016, 034, 075, 080, 153, 176 and 328), three WEBRIBO types (411, 475, AI-78) and three new profiles (F1-F3) were identified. MLVA revealed six clonal complexes (RTs 016, 027, 176 and F3). MLST showed eleven sequence types (1, 41, 47, 67, 95, 191,192, 223, 229, 264 and new ST). Twenty-two isolates (RTs 016, 080, 176, 328, F1, F2, F3 and WRTAI-78) carried Delta 117 in the tcdC gene. Isolates of RTs 016, 027 and 176 were moxifloxacin resistant and harboured Thr82Ile in the GyrA.Conclusion: Our results show a high diversity within 28 Finnish RT027-like C. difficile isolates, with twelve CE-ribotyping profiles and eleven STs. MLVA revealed the regional spread of RTs 016, 027, 176 and F3. The presence of Delta 117 in the tcdC gene in eight non-027 RTs highlights the importance of careful interpretation of the results from molecular systems targeting this site in the genome of C. difficile and the need of strain typing for epidemiological purposes. Copyright (C) 2017, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

The emergence of Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 001 in Slovakia

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 001 and 176-the common denominator of C. difficile infection epidemiology in the Czech Republic, 2014

In 2014, 18 hospitals in the Czech Republic participated in a survey of the incidence of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in the country. The mean CDI incidence was 6.1 (standard deviation (SD): 7.2) cases per 10,000 patient bed-days and 37.8 cases (SD: 41.4) per 10,000 admissions. The mean CDI testing frequency was 39.5 tests (SD: 25.4) per 10,000 patient bed-days and 255.8 tests (SD: 164.0) per 10,000 admissions. A total of 774 C. difficile isolates were investigated, of which 225 (29%) belonged to PCR ribotype 176, and 184 isolates (24%) belonged to PCR ribotype 001. Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) revealed 27 clonal complexes formed by 84% (190/225) of PCR ribotype 176 isolates, and 14 clonal complexes formed by 77% (141/184) of PCR ribotype 001 isolates. Clonal clusters of PCR ribotypes 176 and 001 were observed in 11 and 7 hospitals, respectively. Our data demonstrate the spread of two C. difficile PCR ribotypes within 18 hospitals in the Czech Republic, stressing the importance of standardising CDI testing protocols and implementing mandatory CDI surveillance in the country.Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

Clostridium difficile ribotype 078 cultured from post-surgical non-healing wound in a patient carrying ribotype 014 in the intestinal tract

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

A case of imported Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotype 027 infection within the Czech Republic which has a high prevalence of C-difficile ribotype 176

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc

Two Clusters of Fluoroquinolone and Clindamycin-Resistant Clostridium difficile PCR Ribotype 001 Strain Recognized by Capillary Electrophoresis Ribotyping and Multilocus Variable Tandem Repeat Analysis

Molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis, virulence factors and antibiotic resistanc