SEM and AFM studies of two-phase magnetic alkali borosilicate glasses

The morphology and composition of four types of two-phase alkali borosilicate glasses with magnetic atoms prepared by inductive melting have been studied. The results of scanning electron microscopy point to uniform distribution of Na, Si, and O atoms in these samples whilemagnetic iron atoms formball-shaped agglomerates. The magnetic properties of these agglomerates have been confirmed by magnetic force microscopy. Atomic force microscopy had shown that in these samples two different morphological structures, drop-like and dendrite net, are formed. The formation of dendrite-like structure is a necessary condition for production of porous magnetic glasses. The obtained results allowus to optimize the melting and heat treatment processes leading to production of porous alkali borosilicate glasses withmagnetic properties. The first results for nanocompositematerials on the basis ofmagnetic glasses containing the embedded ferroelectrics KH2PO4 demonstrate the effect of applied magnetic field on the ferroelectric phase transition. The morphology and composition of four types of two-phase alkali borosilicate glasses with magnetic atoms prepared by inductive melting have been studied. The results of scanning electron microscopy point to uniform distribution of Na, Si, and O atoms in these samples whilemagnetic iron atoms formball-shaped agglomerates. The magnetic properties of these agglomerates have been confirmed by magnetic force microscopy. Atomic force microscopy had shown that in these samples two different morphological structures, drop-like and dendrite net, are formed. The formation of dendrite-like structure is a necessary condition for production of porous magnetic glasses. The obtained results allowus to optimize the melting and heat treatment processes leading to production of porous alkali borosilicate glasses withmagnetic properties. The first results for nanocompositematerials on the basis ofmagnetic glasses containing the embedded ferroelectrics KH2PO4 demonstrate the effect of applied magnetic field on the ferroelectric phase transition.DAA

Design and implementation of a non-invasive real-time microwave sensor for assessing water hardness in heat exchangers

A non-invasive-monitoring of concentration and dielectric properties of calcium hardness in heat exchanger cooling water was conducted with a 2.5 GHz microwave cavity resonator designed and fabricated locally for the experiment. The principle of electric dipole moment theories were used to analyse the sample solution that occurs as a function of calcium ion content. Artificial difference of water hardness was prepared by mixing CaCl 2 in deionised water . The sample was centrally positioned in the electric field of the TM 010 mode of a resonant cylindrical cavity. COMSOL simulation package was used to compare and validate the experimental cavity resonator frequency. Transmission signal (S 21 ) measurements via vector network analyser at different concentrations were observed a linear relationship in amplitude with different frequency changes. In addition, calcium absorption provides a first-order change in material polarisation (i.e. real permittivity), and second-order transitions associated dielectric losses (i.e. imaginary permittivity). These research findings introduce a novel technique of real-time monitoring of water hardness concentration by using non-invasive microwave sensor. © 2017 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Grou

Thinking and Doing: Challenge, Agency, and the Eudaimonic Experience in Video Games

The nascent growth of videogames has led to great leaps in technical understanding in how to create a functional and entertaining play experience. However, the complex, mixed-affect, eudaimonic entertainment experience that is possible when playing a video game—how it is formed, how it is experienced and how to design for it, has been investigated far less than hedonistic emotional experiences focusing on fun, challenge and ‘enjoyment.’ Participants volunteered to be interviewed about their mixed-affect emotional experiences of playing avant-garde videogames. New conceptions of agency emerged (Actual, Interpretive, Fictional, Mechanical) from the analysis of transcripts and were used to produce a framework of four categories of agency. This new framework offers designers and researchers the extra nuance in conversations around agency, and contributes to the discussion of how we can design video games that allow for complex, reflective, eudaimonic emotional experiences

Properties and structure of magnetic alkali-borosilicate glasses prepared by induction melting

In this contribution we present the first results devoted to studies of structure, morphology and magnetic properties of magnetic alkali-borosilicate glasses prepared by induction melting. This procedure permits to fabricate a large amount of two-phase glasses with magnetic properties due to self-assembled magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and with branched dendrite-like structure of channels formed by a chemical unstable phase. After withdrawal of this phase we have obtained the porous matrices with two different average pore diameters: ∼6 nm and ∼60 nm. The empty pore spaces in these matrices were filled by ferroelectrics KH2PO4 from water solution. It is shown that application of external magnetic fields above B=1 T results in a linear growth of the ferroelectric phase transition temperature TC on 6 K at B=10 T due to magnetostrictive properties of porous matrices

Halbtechnische Untersuchungen zur thermischen Klaerschlammdesintegration zur Steigerung der Faulgasausbeute sowie der Schlammmengenreduzierung Schlussbericht

In this research project a plant for investigating the thermic desintegration of sewage sludge has been integrated into the operation of a public waste water treatment plant, in order to obtain secured informations for the operation of a large-scale plant regarding mass losses and additional energy by means of an increase of the biogas yield. Further investigations of the present research project were concentrated on the heat balance of the thermic desintegration and a possible operational cost reduction of the waste water treatment plant. The obtained results are the basis for evaluating the possibilities and limits for an economic operation of a thermic sewage sludge desintegration plant. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F02B1168+a / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman