1,260 research outputs found
An Introduction to PYTHIA 8.2
The PYTHIA program is a standard tool for the generation of events in
high-energy collisions, comprising a coherent set of physics models for the
evolution from a few-body hard process to a complex multiparticle final state.
It contains a library of hard processes, models for initial- and final-state
parton showers, matching and merging methods between hard processes and parton
showers, multiparton interactions, beam remnants, string fragmentation and
particle decays. It also has a set of utilities and several interfaces to
external programs. PYTHIA 8.2 is the second main release after the complete
rewrite from Fortran to C++, and now has reached such a maturity that it offers
a complete replacement for most applications, notably for LHC physics studies.
The many new features should allow an improved description of data.Comment: 45 page
Modified prolonged exposure therapy as Early Intervention after Rape (The EIR-study): study protocol for a multicenter randomized add-on superiority trial
Background Sexual assault and rape are the traumatic life events with the highest probability for posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), which can have devastating consequences for those aficted by the condition. Studies indicate
that modifed prolonged exposure (mPE) therapy may be efective in preventing the development of PTSD in recently
traumatized individuals, and especially for people who have experienced sexual assault. If a brief, manualized early
intervention can prevent or reduce post-traumatic symptoms in women who have recently experienced rape, healthcare services targeted for these populations (i.e., sexual assault centers, SACs) should consider implementing such
interventions as part of routine care.
Methods/design This is a multicenter randomized controlled add-on superiority trial that enrolls patients attending
sexual assault centers within 72 h after rape or attempted rape. The objective is to assess whether mPE shortly after
rape can prevent the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Patients will be randomized to either mPE plus
treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. The primary outcome is the development of post-traumatic stress symptoms
3 months after trauma. Secondary outcomes will be symptoms of depression, sleep difculties, pelvic foor hyperactivity, and sexual dysfunction. The frst 22 subjects will constitute an internal pilot trial to test acceptance of the
intervention and feasibility of the assessment battery.
Discussion This study will guide further research and clinical initiatives for implementing strategies for preventing
post-traumatic stress symptoms after rape and provide new knowledge about which women may beneft the most
from such initiatives and for revising existing treatment guidelines within this area
A QM/MM approach for the study of monolayer-protected gold clusters
We report the development and implementation of hybrid methods that combine
quantum mechanics (QM) with molecular mechanics (MM) to theoretically
characterize thiolated gold clusters. We use, as training systems, structures
such as Au25(SCH2-R)18 and Au38(SCH2-R)24, which can be readily compared with
recent crystallographic data. We envision that such an approach will lead to an
accurate description of key structural and electronic signatures at a fraction
of the cost of a full quantum chemical treatment. As an example, we demonstrate
that calculations of the 1H and 13C NMR shielding constants with our proposed
QM/MM model maintain the qualitative features of a full DFT calculation, with
an order-of-magnitude increase in computational efficiency.Comment: Journal of Materials Science, 201
- …