4,421 research outputs found
From black box to ʻopenʼ brain: Law, neuroimaging and disability discrimination
© 2011, Routledge. All rights reserved. The brain is commonly thought of as a bounded and private organ of selfhood – a repository of individual thoughts and desires, a ʻblack boxʼ closed against incursions. Yet contemporary neuroimaging technologies seem to open the brain to scrutiny, offering a selfhood that is increasingly transparent, knowable and manipulable. On one view, this recasts the brain as a site of potential regulation, subject to the language of self-discipline, law and medical intervention. Yet there is also a disruptive element to these technologies, as they reveal the brain to be embedded in overlapping biological, social and environmental systems, interdependent and in constant change over time. This article considers the significance of these developments for law, with particular reference to the construction of disabled identity and the brain in discrimination law. Will this sense of openness in the brain merely provide opportunities for increased medical regulation, in which law is bypassed, and neuroimaging technologies facilitate the identification of risk in individuals and mitigation of that risk through neurochemical and other brain interventions? Reading these technological developments alongside current theories of disability and neurodiversity, this article offers an alternative view of legal selfhood in which the brain is neither a black box nor an object to be screened and controlled, but open in a more radical sense, inseparable from its functioning within the body and environment, constituted by and constitutive of the Other
Can Law Address Intersectional Sexual Harassment? The Case of Claimants with Personality Disorders
Sexual harassment across multiple grounds, including race, disability, sexuality and age, remains an entrenched problem that is poorly dealt with in law. Prevalence rates for intersectional sexual harassment are higher for certain groups, while legal redress is low. This paper examines case law on sexual harassment in Australia where there are intersectional factors and asks whether the “intersectionality” section inserted into the federal Sex Discrimination Act in 2011 has impacted legal practice and decision-making. In particular, it considers the situation of sexual harassment claimants with behavioural and personality traits that are considered “disordered” and the specifically gendered disability stereotypes that shape their treatment in law. Recent cases in Australia dealing with the sexual harassment of people with personality disorders show that intersectionality provisions of sexual harassment laws may in fact be used to undermine a legal claim by a person with disability rather than strengthen it. This article argues that an intersectional legal feminist perspective on harassment is needed for the law to work.</jats:p
Brevity, Speed, and Deference: An Account from the Williams Chambers
One of the leading books on administrative law advocates judicial review for “sound governance.”Reviewing the book while sitting on the D.C. Circuit, Judge Williams posited that, even if “judges are smarter than agency heads, or have more time on their hands, or have cleverer clerks,” the proper institutional role requires more deference. Divining “sound governance” is not for courts. The Judge concluded by quoting Milton’s poem about the role of the blind: “They also serve who only stand and waite.
Isospin Breaking and -> Decay
We study decay up to including all orders of the chiral
expansion and one-loop level of mesons in formlism of chiral constituent quark
model. This G-parity forbidden decay is caused by and
electromagnetic interaction of mesons. We illustrate that in the formlism both
nonresonant contact interaction and resonance exchange contribute to
this process, and the contribution from resonance exchange is dominant.
We obtain that transition matrix element is
MeV, and
isospin breaking parameter is MeV at energy scale .Comment: Revtex file, 16 pages, four eps figur
Two Meson Systems with Ginsparg-Wilson Valence Quarks
Unphysical effects associated with finite lattice spacing and partial
quenching may lead to the presence of unphysical terms in chiral extrapolation
formulae. These unphysical terms must then be removed during data analysis
before physical predictions can be made. In this work, we show that through
next-to-leading order, there are no unphysical counterterms in the
extrapolation formulae, expressed in lattice-physical parameters, for meson
scattering lengths in theories with Ginsparg-Wilson valence quarks. Our work
applies to most sea quark discretization, provided that chiral perturbation
theory is a valid approximation. We demonstrate our results with explicit
computations and show that, in favorable circumstances, the extrapolation
formulae do not depend on the unknown constant C_Mix appearing at lowest order
in the mixed action chiral Lagrangian. We show that the I=1 KK scattering
length does not depend on C_Mix in contrast to the I=3/2 K-pi scattering
length. In addition, we show that these observables combined with f_K / f_pi
and the I=2 pi-pi scattering length share only two linearly independent sets of
counterterms, providing a means to test the mixed action theory at one lattice
spacing. We therefore make a prediction for the I=1 KK scattering length.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Version to be published in PRD.
Improved discussion in Sec. III B. Added reference
Hydrogen atom in phase space. The Kirkwood-Rihaczek representation
We present a phase-space representation of the hydrogen atom using the
Kirkwood-Rikaczek distribution function. This distribution allows us to obtain
analytical results, which is quite unique because an exact analytical form of
the Wigner functions corresponding to the atom states is not known. We show how
the Kirkwood-Rihaczek distribution reflects properties of the hydrogen atom
wave functions in position and momentum representations.Comment: 5 pages (and 5 figures
Ginsparg-Wilson Pions Scattering in a Sea of Staggered Quarks
We calculate isospin 2 pion-pion scattering in chiral perturbation theory for
a partially quenched, mixed action theory with Ginsparg-Wilson valence quarks
and staggered sea quarks. We point out that for some scattering channels, the
power-law volume dependence of two pion states in nonunitary theories such as
partially quenched or mixed action QCD is identical to that of QCD. Thus one
can extract infinite volume scattering parameters from mixed action
simulations. We then determine the scattering length for both 2 and 2+1 sea
quarks in the isospin limit. The scattering length, when expressed in terms of
the pion mass and the decay constant measured on the lattice, has no
contributions from mixed valence-sea mesons, thus it does not depend upon the
parameter, C_Mix, that appears in the chiral Lagrangian of the mixed theory. In
addition, the contributions which nominally arise from operators appearing in
the mixed action O(a^2 m_q) Lagrangian exactly cancel when the scattering
length is written in this form. This is in contrast to the scattering length
expressed in terms of the bare parameters of the chiral Lagrangian, which
explicitly exhibits all the sicknesses and lattice spacing dependence allowed
by a partially quenched mixed action theory. These results hold for both 2 and
2+1 flavors of sea quarks.Comment: 27 pages, 3 figures. Mistakes corrected in Eqs. (37), (42). Improved
discussion in section 4 and related results in Eqs. (33), (37), (40) and
(42). Added references. Version to be published in PR
ACTwatch 2009 Supply Chain Survey Results, Benin
In Benin, as in many low‐income countries, private commercial providers play an important role in
the treatment of malaria. To design effective interventions for improved access to accurate
diagnosis and effective malaria treatment, there is a need to understand retailer behaviour and
identify the factors that influence their stocking and pricing decisions. Private commercial retailers
are the last link in a chain of manufacturers, importers and wholesalers and their supply sources are
likely to have an important influence on the price and quality of malaria treatment that consumers
can access. However, there is limited rigorous evidence on the structure and operation of the
distribution chain for antimalarial drugs that serves the retail sector.
The ACTwatch Supply Chain Study, one of the ACTwatch project components, aims to address this
gap by conducting quantitative and qualitative studies on distribution chains for antimalarials in the
ACTwatch countries (Benin, Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Madagascar,
Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia). Other elements of ACTwatch include Retail Outlet and Household
Surveys led by Population Services International (PSI). This report presents the results of a cross‐
sectional survey of antimalarial drug wholesalers conducted in Benin in June 2009
Measurements of the magnetic field induced by a turbulent flow of liquid metal
Initial results from the Madison Dynamo Experiment provide details of the
inductive response of a turbulent flow of liquid sodium to an applied magnetic
field. The magnetic field structure is reconstructed from both internal and
external measurements. A mean toroidal magnetic field is induced by the flow
when an axial field is applied, thereby demonstrating the omega effect.
Poloidal magnetic flux is expelled from the fluid by the poloidal flow.
Small-scale magnetic field structures are generated by turbulence in the flow.
The resulting magnetic power spectrum exhibits a power-law scaling consistent
with the equipartition of the magnetic field with a turbulent velocity field.
The magnetic power spectrum has an apparent knee at the resistive dissipation
scale. Large-scale eddies in the flow cause significant changes to the
instantaneous flow profile resulting in intermittent bursts of non-axisymmetric
magnetic fields, demonstrating that the transition to a dynamo is not smooth
for a turbulent flow.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures, invited talk by C. B. Forest at 2005 APS DPP
meeting, resubmitted to Physics of Plasma
ACTwatch 2009 Supply Chain Survey Results, Nigeria
In Nigeria, as in many low-income countries, private commercial providers play an important role in
the treatment of malaria. To design effective interventions for improved access to accurate
diagnosis and effective malaria treatment, there is a need to understand retailer behaviour and
identify the factors that influence their stocking and pricing decisions. Private commercial retailers
are the last link in a chain of manufacturers, importers and wholesalers and their supply sources are
likely to have an important influence on the price and quality of malaria treatment that consumers
can access. However, there is limited rigorous evidence on the structure and operation of the
distribution chain for antimalarial drugs that serves the retail sector.
The ACTwatch Supply Chain Study, one of the ACTwatch project components, aims to address this
gap by conducting quantitative and qualitative studies on distribution chains for antimalarials in the
ACTwatch countries (Nigeria, Cambodia, Benin, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar,
Uganda and Zambia). Other elements of ACTwatch include Retail Outlet and Household Surveys led
by Population Services International (PSI). This report presents the results of a cross-sectional
survey of antimalarial drug wholesalers conducted in Nigeria between July and September 2009
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