Circuit Modelling of Bandpass/Channel Filter with Microstrip Implementation

This paper presents a step-by-step approach to the design of bandpass/channel filters. A 3-pole Chebyshev bandpass filter (BPF) with centre frequency of 2.6 GHz, fractional bandwidth of 3%, passband ripple of 0.04321 dB and return loss of 20 dB has been designed, implemented, and simulated. The designed filter implementation is based on the Rogers RT/Duroid 6010LM substrate with a 10.7 dielectric constant and 1.27 mm thickness. The BPF was also fabricated using the same substrate material used for the design simulation. The circuit model and microstrip layout results of the BPF are presented and show good agreement. The microstrip layout simulation results show that a less than 1.8 dB minimum insertion loss and a greater than 25 dB in-band return loss were achieved. The overall device size of the BPF is 18.0 mm by 10.7 mm, which is equivalent to 0.16λg x 0.09λg, where λg is the guided wavelength of the 50 Ohm microstrip line at the filter centre frequency

Special Issue Title: RFID and applications of RF/microwave circuits and systems

Radiofrequency identification (RFID) and Wireless identification are modern technologies with a wide range of applications. Some popular utilizations include indoor and outdoor tracking, sensing, operation of tags attached objects, human bodies, etc. Wireless identification of people and physical objects has enabled them to become smartly connected. This had led to scientific breakthroughs in various fields of human endeavours including healthcare, health monitoring, disaster monitoring, logistics, social networking, smart environments, security services, etc. Though many applications rely on passive chipped tags, chip-less tags have been recently gaining popularity. RFIDs rely heavily on radiofrequency (RF) circuits and components for successful operation. RF falls within electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300 MHz to 300 GHz, which are sometimes classified as microwaves. This frequency span matches the free space wavelengths of 1 m to 1 mm, in that order. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies varying from 30 GHz to 300 GHz are classified as millimetre-waves due to their wavelengths that fall directly above 1 mm and directly below 10 mm. The RF band falls somewhere beneath the microwave range, though the border in the middle of RF and microwave bands is subjective and adjusts based on the technology established for the development of the band. The main topics of interest include but are not limited to the following: • Smart Connectivity • Wireless Identification • Localization Systems • Indoor and Outdoor Sensing Systems • RFID Data Fusion • Smart Healthcare • Neural Networks and Intelligent Systems • Wireless Sensors • Nonlinear RFID • RF and Microwave Circuits and Devices • Applications of Compressive Sensing Theory. Authors are invited to submit their latest related research findings for publication. Both regular articles and review papers are welcome

5G Internet of Things and changing standards for computing and electronic systems

Internet of things networks have changed the standard of how computing and electronic systems are interconnected. Computing and electronic devices and systems, with the help of 5G technology, can now be seamlessly linked in a way that is rapidly turning the globe into a digital world. Smart cities and the internet of things are here to stay but not without some challenges; a thorough review of the opportunities, difficulties, and benefits of 5G internet of things is necessary for it to be successfully utilized and implemented. 5G Internet of Things and Changing Standards for Computing and Electronic Systems examines modern computers and electronics and how they provide seamless connectivity due to the development of internet of things technology. Moreover, this reference covers various technologies and their roles and impacts in the future of smart cities. Covering a range of topics such as machine learning and renewable energy systems, this reference work is ideal for scientists, engineers, policymakers, researchers, practitioners, academicians, scholars, instructors, and students

Circuit modelling of bandpass/channel filter with microstrip implementation

This paper presents a step-by-step approach to the design of bandpass/channel filters. A 3-pole Chebyshev bandpass filter (BPF) with centre frequency of 2.6 GHz, fractional bandwidth of 3%, passband ripple of 0.04321 dB and return loss of 20 dB has been designed, implemented, and simulated. The designed filter implementation is based on the Rogers RT/Duroid 6010LM substrate with a 10.7 dielectric constant and 1.27 mm thickness. The BPF was also fabricated using the same substrate material used for the design simulation. The circuit model and microstrip layout results of the BPF are presented and show good agreement. The microstrip layout simulation results show that a less than 1.8 dB minimum insertion loss and a greater than 25 dB in-band return loss were achieved. The overall device size of the BPF is 18.0 mm by 10.7 mm, which is equivalent to 0.16λg x 0.09λg, where λg is the guided wavelength of the 50 Ohm microstrip line at the filter centre frequency

A review of beamforming microstrip patch antenna array for future 5G/6G networks

With the increase in demand for high data rates and high bandwidth because of multiple users all over the globe, the technology has moved toward the next-generation of wireless communication. This rapid advancement of wireless communication technologies has led to the emergence of 5G networks, which promise significantly higher data rates, lower latency, and enhanced connectivity. Researchers believe that five essential techniques can enable 5G. Beamforming is one of those essentials, as it plays a vital role in achieving reliable and high-capacity communication. This review article portrays a comprehensive analysis of the 5G beamformer Microstrip Patch Antenna array techniques for communication systems. The paper comprises of a deep overview of the fundamental concepts and principles of beamforming, including analog, hybrid, and digital beamforming techniques. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of each approach and discusses their suitability for 5G applications. An in-depth examination of various beamforming techniques employed in 5G, encompassing traditional beamforming, massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output beamforming, hybrid beamforming, and adaptive beamforming. The discussion encompasses the strengths, weaknesses, and performance trade-offs of each technique, along with their applicability in diverse deployment scenarios and applications. The review of multiple couplers that are used for the feeding of the antenna is discussed with included hybrid coupler, Wilkinson power divider, branch line coupler, and butler matrix in beamformer smart antenna for 5G/6G communications. Numerous beamforming techniques are compared based on their merits, demerits, and applications. Moreover, the dielectric substrate utilized to design the beamformer was also reviewed. The findings presented in this paper serve as a valuable resource for the researcher, scholars, and engineers working in the field of 5G wireless communications and antenna designing, facilitating the development and deployment of efficient and robust beamforming solutions for future 5G networks

Low cost SIW Chebyshev bandpass filter with new input/output connection

This paper presents a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) Chebyshev bandpass filter using the low cost, commercially available printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The detailed design procedure beginning from the normalized Chebyshev lowpass filter, to the final optimized SIW bandpass filter is presented. The test filter having a 4% fractional bandwidth centered at 1.684 GHz was fabricated on a 1.27 mm thick, Rogers RT/Duroid 6010LM substrate with a 10.8 dielectric constant. The design has also been experimentally validated and results presented. The simulation and measurement responses of the filter show good agreement with a low insertion loss of 1.3 dB. The simulated and the measured return losses of about 15 dB and 16 dB respectively, were achieved across the filter passband

Call for Papers for Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering Special Issue: RFID and RF Circuits/Components

Radiofrequency identification (RFID) and Wireless identification are modern technologies with a wide range of applications. Some popular utilizations include indoor and outdoor tracking, sensing, operation of tags attached objects, human bodies, etc. Wireless identification of people and physical objects has enabled them to become smartly connected. This had led to scientific breakthroughs in various fields of human endeavours including healthcare, health monitoring, disaster monitoring, logistics, social networking, smart environments, security services, etc. Though many applications rely on passive chipped tags, chip-less tags have been recently gaining popularity. RFIDs rely heavily on radiofrequency (RF) circuits and components for successful operation. RF falls within electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300 MHz to 300 GHz, which are sometimes classified as microwaves. This frequency span matches the free space wavelengths of 1 m to 1 mm, in that order. Electromagnetic waves with frequencies varying from 30 GHz to 300 GHz are classified as millimetre-waves due to their wavelengths that fall directly above 1 mm and directly below 10 mm. The RF band falls somewhere beneath the microwave range, though the border in the middle of RF and microwave bands is subjective and adjusts based on the technology established for the development of the band

U-Shaped terahertz microstrip patch antenna for 6G future communications

In this article a terahertz antenna has been proposed which is designed on Rogers RO3010 substrate, with a standard thickness 10 µm having relative dielectric constant (Ɛr) = 11.2 and thermal conductivity of 0.66 W/K/m. A dielectric material with a high epsilon value is used, the effective wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is reduced within the material, resulting in a reduction of the physical size of the antenna. The designed antenna is compact light weight and is fed using a microstrip line feeding technique which provides ease of integration inside the device. The resonating frequency of the designed antenna is 0.854 THz with a return loss -19.5 dB offering a high bandwidth of 44 GHz. High bandwidth application of the future communication requirements is achieved by the modelled antenna

AssessLIFE software for automation of asset degradation to estimate Asset life and degradation drivers

The AssessLIFE software is a solution platform that analyzes and reveals if industrial physical assets made of metals, alloys, and welds can survive their exposure or ambient conditions. The software also reveals when time-dependent premature failure is likely to occur. The software can generate great financial and safety benefits for all stakeholders. Furthermore, the AssessLIFE software aims to provide asset information for better financial and technical decision-making by managers, engineers, legal teams, insurance teams, fabricators, and inspectors

Modeling, integration, and automation of degradation to generate asset lifespan analytics using AssessLIFE software

The degradation of metallic industrial assets, equipment, and components costs governments, industries, and citizens billions of dollars a year. Also, the degradation of industrial assets and infrastructure proliferates myriad safety problems. AssessLIFE software addresses this strategic deficiency by focusing on forecasting strategies rather than on mitigation strategies in the active battle against industrial asset degradation. By employing tested and proven scientific analytical computations, forecasting, prediction, and analytics, the AssessLIFE software plans to significantly reduce the billions of dollars expended via inspection, treatment, and repair of degradation-prone assets and infrastructure. The AssessLIFE software leverages many scientific studies and research in many fields of engineering. The AssessLIFE software also emphasizes the computerization or automation of the processes of metallic (alloys and welds) degradation mechanisms and parameters using digital techniques