Investigation of The Clinical and Microbiological Effects of Different Toothpastes: In-Vivo Study

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical, antibacterial and microbiological effects of the non-fluoride and fluoride toothpastes. Materials and Methods: In this study eighty children (3 to 12 years old) were divided into four groups and followed for four weeks. First and second groups (40 children, 6-12 years) used different fluoride toothpastes; third and fourth groups (40 children, 3-5 years) used nonfluoride toothpastes. The halitosis score, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, buffering capacities, Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli and yeast counts were recorded on 1st day, 7th day, 15th day and 30th day. First and second group; third and fourth group were compared with each other. Data were analyzed statistically by using Mann Whitney U tests, Wilcoxon Sign Test, Fisher Freeman Halton Exact Test and Mc Nemar Test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Statistically significant association was not found in the mean scores of halitosis, gingival index, plaque index, bleeding index, buffering capacity, Mutans Streptococci, Lactobacilli and yeast (p>0.05), between groups on first day. All four toothpastes produced statistically significant reductions from 1st day to 30th days in scores of halitosis, plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index and buffering capacity (p<0.01; p<0.05), within groups. Statistically significant reductions was found according to in Mutans Streptococci, counts from 1st day to 30th day for group 1, 2 and 3 (p<0.05); but was not found statistically significant changes in group 4 on the 30th days(p>0.05). Conclusion: All tested toothpastes proved to be safe and significantly effective clinical and microbiological features

Oral Bacteria of Children with Turner Syndrome

Aim:Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disorder caused by a numerical or structural aberration of the X chromosome, which is associated with a female phenotype. Concerning oral status, several studies have revealed that girls with TS have dental anomalies and periodontal problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral bacteria on caries prevalence and periodontal status in pediatric patients with TS.Materials and Methods:Twenty TS patients and 17 healthy girls were examined for cariological and periodontal status. The levels of mutans streptococci (MS), lactobacilli (LB), yeast and 10 different periodontal bacteria were determined by using culture and microarray techniques in children’s stimulated saliva samples.Results:There was no difference in salivary flow rate and buffering capacity, decayed-missing-filled teeth, MS, LB, or yeast levels between the groups. Plaque index and gingival index levels were significantly higher in the Turner group and dft was significantly higher in the control group (p<0.05). As a result, microarray analysis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eikenella corrodens, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Actinomyces viscosus were detected at high levels in the Turner group (p<0.05).Conclusion:Besides dental and craniofacial anomalies, clinicians should be alert to the early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal problems in patients with TS