Korištenje modela GeoWEPP za određivanje produkcije nanosa i otjecanja u slivu rijeke Keklik u Kahramanmarasu u Turskoj

GeoWEPP is a geo-spatial interface of the WEPP (The Water Erosion Prediction Project) model that predicts sediment yield and runoff using digital georeferenced information integrated with GIS tools. Besides, the model has ability to determine where the sediment yield and runoff occurs and locates possible deposition places. In this study, GeoWEPP model was used to estimate sediment yield and runoff from Keklik watershed, which is located 12 km from Kahramanmaras in the eastern Mediterranean region. The digital maps of the input files required for GeoWEPP model were generated using GIS tools. The estimated average annual sediment discharge and delivery of watershed were 34533.5 tones and 44.2 tones/ha, respectively. This study indicated that GeoWEPP model can provide decision makers with quick estimation of sediment yield from large watersheds with high accuracy.GeoWEPP predstavlja geoprostorno sučelje modela iz Projekta predviđanja vodene erozije (eng. WEPP), kojim se predviđa produkcija nanosa i otjecanja pomoću digitalnih georeferentnih informacija integriranih s alatima GIS-a. Osim toga, modelom se može odrediti mjesto produkcije nanosa i otjecanja te moguća mjesta sakupljanja nanosa. U ovom je istraživanju model GeoWEPP korišten za procjenu produkcije nanosa i otjecanja u slivu rijeke Keklik, koja je smještena 12 km od Kahramanmarasa u istočnoj sredozemnoj regiji. Digitalne karte ulaznih datoteka koje su potrebne za model GeoWEPP generirane su pomoću alata GIS-a. Procijenjeni prosječni godišnji protok nanosa sliva iznosio je 34533,5 tona, dok je produkcija nanosa iznosila 44,2 tone/ha. Ovo je istraživanje pokazalo da model GeoWEPP može donositeljima odluka dati brzu i vrlo preciznu procjenu produkcije nanosa u velikim slivovima

Prevalence of Anosmia in 10.157 Pediatric COVID-19 Cases: Multicenter Study from Turkey.

Introduction: COVID-19-related anosmia is a remarkable and disease-specific finding. With this multicenter cohort study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of anosmia in pediatric cases with COVID-19 from Turkey and make an objective assessment with a smell awareness questionnaire. Material and Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted with pediatric infection clinics in 37 centers in 19 different cities of Turkey between October 2020 and March 2021. The symptoms of 10.157 COVID-19 cases 10-18 years old were examined. Age, gender, other accompanying symptoms, and clinical severity of the disease of cases with anosmia and ageusia included in the study were recorded. The cases were interviewed for the smell awareness questionnaire at admission and one month after the illness. Results: Anosmia was present in 12.5% (1.266/10.157) of COVID-19 cases 10-18 years of age. The complete records of 1053 patients followed during the study period were analyzed. The most common symptoms accompanying symptoms with anosmia were ageusia in 885 (84%) cases, fatigue in 534 cases (50.7%), and cough in 466 cases (44.3%). Anosmia was recorded as the only symptom in 84 (8%) of the cases. One month later, it was determined that anosmia persisted in 88 (8.4%) cases. In the smell awareness questionnaire, the score at admission was higher than the score one month later (P < 0.001). Discussion: With this study, we have provided the examination of a large case series across Turkey. Anosmia and ageusia are specific symptoms seen in cases of COVID-19. With the detection of these symptoms, it should be aimed to isolate COVID-19 cases in the early period and reduce the spread of the infection. Such studies are important because the course of COVID-19 in children differs from adults and there is limited data on the prevalence of anosmia