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    ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° нСравСнства распрСдСлСния Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ образования Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°

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    Π’Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ являСтся вопрос Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ распрСдСлСния Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π’ связи с этим Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ становится ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ Π² распрСдСлСнии Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ странах, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½. ЦСль исслСдования - ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° влияния Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… расходов ΠΈ нСравСнства Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. Π’ ΠΎΡ‚Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Ρ‹Π΄ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ Π² этой области, Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎ распрСдСлСнии чСловСчСского ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² 17 Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. Для статистичСской ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ использован ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ экономичСского нСравСнства. На основС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ различия Π² ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ образования. Богласно ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ, нСравСнство мСняСтся с Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ влияСт ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π° Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… сфСрах. НСравСнство Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² нСсколько Π²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅ Π² ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Восточно-ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ областях; Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ распрСдСлСны Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° 0,05 коэффициСнта Π”ΠΆΠΈΠ½ΠΈ. БпСцификация рСгрСссии ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΏΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… мСгаполисах, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π¨Ρ‹ΠΌΠΊΠ΅Π½Ρ‚, Алматы ΠΈ Астана, исслСдуСмыС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ большСС влияниС, Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² ΠœΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚Π°ΡƒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎ-ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ областях ΠΈΡ… воздСйствиС мСньшС. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‡Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ образования для сокращСния Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ достиТСния Ρ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ распрСдСлСния Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².In the current social conditions, the problems of inequality associated with the uneven distribution of income in society is an important research problem. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the level of regional differences in income distribution in developing countries like Kazakhstan. The study aims to assess the influence of income, social expenditures, and inequality in the distribution of education and education costs between different regions of Kazakhstan. Unlike previous scientific papers in this area, this paper uses panel data on the distribution of human capital and income in 17 regions of Kazakhstan. The methodological framework of the research is represented by methods of statistical assessment of economic inequality, such as the indicator of differentiation, reflecting the degree of social and economic inequality. Based on the proposed methodology, we analysed the disparity in the level of education and obtained data on the standard deviations of the distribution of education for the population of the regions of Kazakhstan. According to these data, inequality changes over time and affects the distribution of education and education costs between different areas. Income inequality is slightly higher in Karaganda and East-Kazakhstan regions; other areas have a more equitable income distribution by about 0.05 Gini coefficients. The regression specification shows that large megacities like Shymkent, Almaty, and Astana have a more significant influence, while Mangystau and North-Kazakhstan regions have minor power. The obtained results emphasise the importance ensuring access to education for reducing regional disparities and achieving stability in income distribution.Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΠšΠΎΠΌΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ ΠœΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡΡ‚Π²Π° Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ образования РСспублики ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ AP09259332 «Врансформация экономичСского сознания общСства Π² условиях ΠΏΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ экономики (Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ РСспублики ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½)Β».The article has been prepared with the support of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the project AP09259332 β€œTransformation of the economic conscious of society in the conditions of the pathology of the economy (on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan)”

    Assessing Inequality of Income Distribution and Education in the Regions of Kazakhstan

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    In the current social conditions, the problems of inequality associated with the uneven distribution of income in society is an important research problem. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the level of regional differences in income distribution in developing countries like Kazakhstan. The study aims to assess the influence of income, social expenditures, and inequality in the distribution of education and education costs between different regions of Kazakhstan. Unlike previous scientific papers in this area, this paper uses panel data on the distribution of human capital and income in 17 regions of Kazakhstan. The methodological framework of the research is represented by methods of statistical assessment of economic inequality, such as the indicator of differentiation, reflecting the degree of social and economic inequality. Based on the proposed methodology, we analysed the disparity in the level of education and obtained data on the standard deviations of the distribution of education for the population of the regions of Kazakhstan. According to these data, inequality changes over time and affects the distribution of education and education costs between different areas. Income inequality is slightly higher in Karaganda and East-Kazakhstan regions; other areas have a more equitable income distribution by about 0.05 Gini coefficients. The regression specification shows that large megacities like Shymkent, Almaty, and Astana have a more significant influence, while Mangystau and North-Kazakhstan regions have minor power. The obtained results emphasise the importance ensuring access to education for reducing regional disparities and achieving stability in income distribution

    Анализ влияния ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°

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    ЦСль Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования - ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ влияниС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ (ИКВ) Π½Π° экономичСский рост Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. Для Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° взаимосвязи ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ комплСксныС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ систСматизация статистичСских Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ рСгрСссионный Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обСспСчСния STATA. Π’ качСствС источника послуТили Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ВсСмирного Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ°, ΠœΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ союза элСктросвязи ΠΈ статистичСского Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°. На основС ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° 2007-2018 Π³Π³. Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° влияния ИКВ (ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ доступа ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ Π² организациях, количСства ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ стационарных Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²) Π½Π° экономичСский рост. ВыявлСнныС различия Π² скорости внСдрСния ΠΈ развития ИКВ Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ-ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠΎ количСству ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹: сниТСниС стоимости Π½Π΅Ρ„Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ экономичСский спад Π² 2014 Π³. ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊ ослаблСнию Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²Π°Π»ΡŽΡ‚Ρ‹; распространСниС ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… устройств ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΎ ΠΊ сниТСнию спроса Π½Π° стационарныС Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹; начиная с 2014 Π³. количСство ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² Π² организациях влияСт Π½Π° экономичСский рост Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ…, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎ врСмя ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΡ†Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ эффСкт доступа ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π΅Ρ‚Ρƒ растСт. ΠŸΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ для Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ стратСгий развития, для сравнСния экономичСского роста Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… с Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ, срСдними ΠΈ высокими Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠΈ развития.The research aims to assess the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on economic growth in different regions of Kazakhstan. A few basic complex methods, such as systematisation of statistical data and regression analysis, conducted using the STATA software package, were used to analyse the relationship of indicators in different periods. Based on data for the period 2007-2018 obtained from the World Bank, the International Telecommunication Union and statistical yearbook of Kazakhstan, we assess how ICT, expressed by such indicators as Internet access in organisations, the number of computers and fixed telephones, influences economic growth. Our analysis revealed differences in the speed of implementation and development of ICT depending on the region, meaning that the least developed territories still lag in the number of Internet users. We have concluded that since 2014, the country’s currency has weakened due to the decrease in the cost of oil and consequent economic decline; mobile devices are increasingly used, reducing the demand for fixed telephones; computers in organisations are affecting economic growth in more developed regions since 2014, although the negative effect of Internet access is growing, as the model shows. The obtained results can used for strategy development to compare economic growth in regions with low, medium, and high development rates.ИсслСдованиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ финансирования ИРН β„– AP08052745 «ВлияниС Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСскоС Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠšΠ°Π·Π°Ρ…ΡΡ‚Π°Π½Π°: мСтодология, ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ сцСнарии развития».The article has been prepared with the support of the grant-funding project IRN No. AP08052745 β€œThe science impact on Kazakhstan’s socio-economic development: methodology, assessment models and development scenarios”
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