Disturbed gut microbiota explains persistent abdominal pain after a major environmental disaster

Background: It is unknown if there is association between abdominal pain and poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) practices and if small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and/or gut dysbiosis explains abdominal pain after a major flood. Methods: Abdominal symptoms, quality of life, psychological disturbances, WaSH practices, SIBO and stools for high-throughput sequencing were assessed in flood victims. Results: Of 211 participants (mean age 54.5 years, females 71%), 37.9% had abdominal pain. Poor WaSH practices during flood and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were associated with abdominal pain (both P < 0.04). Those with abdominal pain experienced worse quality of life and more anxiety (both P < 0.05). SIBO was associated with abdominal pain (P = 0.01), poor water practices during flood (P = 0.04) and limited physical functioning (P = 0.02). Using linear discriminant analysis effect size method, gut dysbiosis was observed in those with anxiety (Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, effect size 4.8), abdominal pain (Fusobacteria, Staphylococcus, Megamonas and Plesiomonas, effect size 4.0) and IBS (Plesiomonas and Trabulsiella, effect size 3.0). Conclusions: Disturbed gut microbiota because of environmentally-derived organisms may explain persistent abdominal pain after a major environmental disaster in the presence of poor WaSH practices

Crystal structure of benzyl 3-(3-methylphenyl)dithiocarbazate

In the title compound, C15H16N2S2, the central CN2S2 residue is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0354 Å) and forms dihedral angles of 56.02 (4) and 75.52 (4)° with the phenyl and tolyl rings, respectively; the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 81.72 (5)°. The conformation about the N—N bond is gauche [C—N—N—C = −117.48 (15)°]. Overall, the molecule has the shape of the letter L. In the crystal packing, supramolecular chains along the a axis are formed by N—H...S(thione) hydrogen bonds whereby the thione S atom accepts two such bonds. The hydrogen bonding leads to alternating edge-shared eight-membered {...HNCS}2 and 10-membered {...HNNH...S}2 synthons. The chains are connected into layers by phenyl–tolyl C—H...π interactions; the layers stack along the c axis with no specific interactions between them

Exposure to environmental microbiota explains persistent abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome after a major flood

Abstract Background After an environmental disaster, the affected community is at increased risk for persistent abdominal pain but mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to determine association between abdominal pain and poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH) practices, and if small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and/or gut dysbiosis explain IBS, impaired quality of life (QOL), anxiety and/or depression after a major flood. Results New onset abdominal pain, IBS based on the Rome III criteria, WaSH practices, QOL, anxiety and/or depression, SIBO (hydrogen breath testing) and stools for metagenomic sequencing were assessed in flood victims. Of 211 participants, 37.9% (n = 80) had abdominal pain and 17% (n = 36) with IBS subtyped diarrhea and/or mixed type (n = 27 or 12.8%) being the most common. Poor WaSH practices and impaired quality of life during flood were significantly associated with IBS. Using linear discriminant analysis effect size method, gut dysbiosis was observed in those with anxiety (Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, effect size 4.8), abdominal pain (Fusobacteria, Staphylococcus, Megamonas and Plesiomonas, effect size 4.0) and IBS (Plesiomonas and Trabulsiella, effect size 3.0). Conclusion Disturbed gut microbiota because of environmentally-derived organisms may explain persistent abdominal pain and IBS after a major environmental disaster in the presence of poor WaSH practices