ATHENA detector proposal - a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity.This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges

Influência do tipo de corte na qualidade de abobrinha 'Menina Brasileira' minimamente processada Influence of cut type on quality of cv. 'Menina Brasileira' summer squash fresh-cut

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do tipo de corte na manutenção da qualidade de abobrinhas 'Menina Brasileira' minimamente processadas armazenadas sob refrigeração. As abobrinhas foram fatiadas ou raladas, sendo sanificadas com solução de hipoclorito de sódio 50 mg L-1 por 10 minutos. Estas foram acondicionadas em bandejas de polipropileno envoltas com filme de PVC (0,020 mm de espessura), e armazenadas em câmara fria (6ºC e 95% UR) por 12 dias. As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas: perda de massa, pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), valores L*, C* e hº, aparência e cor. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (2x5), sendo dois tipos de corte (fatiada e ralada) e cinco tempos de armazenamento (0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 dias). A perda de massa foi pequena, atingindo valores máximos de 1,5% para a abobrinha ralada. Os valores de pH foram menores a partir do 6º dia nas abobrinhas raladas quando comparadas às fatiadas. Após o 3º dia de armazenamento, as abobrinhas raladas apresentaram menores valores de SS em relação às abobrinhas fatiadas. Maiores valores L* foram encontrados nas abobrinhas fatiadas, observando-se um acréscimo ao longo do armazenamento. Abobrinha fatiada apresentou menores perdas de coloração, baseado nos valores h&deg; e C* e melhor aceitabilidade quando avaliada sensorialmente em relação à ralada, com decréscimos nas notas com o armazenamento. O tipo de corte influencia a vida de prateleira de abobrinha minimamente processada sendo que as formas fatiada e ralada mantêm a aparência e as características físico-químicas até o 12º dia de armazenamento.<br>The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of the type of cut the on maintenance quality of fresh-cut 'Menina Brasileira' summer squash stored under refrigeration. Summer squashes were sliced or grated and sanitized with sodium hypochloride solution at 50 mg L-1 for 10 minutes. They were placed in polypropylene packages covered with PVC film (0.020 mm), and stored in cold chamber (6ºC and 95% RH) for 12 days. The following variables were evaluated: Fresh mass loss, pH, soluble solids (SS), L*, C* and h&deg; values, appearance and color. The experiment was carried out in completely random design in factorial scheme (2x5), with two types of cut (sliced e grated) and five times of storage (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days). The fresh mass loss was low, attaining maximal values of 1.5% in grated summer squash. The values of pH in grated summer squashes were lower than in sliced summer squashes from 6th day. Grated summer squashes presented lower SS content than sliced summer squashes, after 3rd day of storage. Higher L* values were found in sliced summer squashes and an increase in that variable was observed during the storage. Sliced summer squash presented lower color losses, based to h&deg; and C* values, and better sensorial acceptability in relation to grated one, with reduction in their scores over the storage period. It was the cut type wich influences the shelf-life of sliced and grated summer squashes, keeping their appearance and physical-chemical characteristics until the 12th day of storage

Investigation of Enteric Viruses in the Feces of Neotropical Migratory Birds Captured on the Coast of the State of Pará, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:53:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:29:42Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2018000100161.pdf: 376041 bytes, checksum: 32723ae502ce34e68b81829514936c67 (MD5)Migratory birds can become long-distance vectors for a wide range of microorganisms and can cause human disease, being the Brazilian coast a gateway for northern migratory birds. These animals are considered natural reservoirs of different viruses that cause important diseases, being relevant research of viral pathogens in migratory birds to epidemiology surveillance. The objective of the study was to investigate the presence of avian rotavirus (AvRV), avian reovirus (ARV) and picobirnavirus (PBV) in Neotropical migratory birds captured on the coast of Brazil. A total of 23 individual fecal samples of the migratory birds species Calidris pusilla (20 birds), Numenius phaeopus (1 bird) and Charadrius semipalmatus (2 birds) were collected. Fecal suspensions were prepared from the collected samples for subsequent extraction of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which was subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The electrophoretic profiles were not detected by PAGE, and the amplification for the studied viruses PBV, ARV and AvRV (specie D, gene VP6 and NSP4) were negative. Positivity for AvRVD, VP7 gene was of 4.35% (1/23) for the migratory bird Calidris pusilla. After sequencing and building the tree of phylogenetic relationships avian Rotavirus Group D identified in this study was phylogenetically related and grouped into one branch, together to previously reported AvRVD from Brazil in chicken flocks with 99.8% nucleotide and 100% amino acid similarities.Laboratório de Zoonoses Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Castanhal, Rodovia BR-316 Km 62 s/n, SaudadeInstituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), BR-316 Km 7 s/n, Distrito de LevilândiaLaboratório Nacional de Agricultura (Lana-gro/PA) Ministério da Agricultura Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), Av. Almirante Barroso1234, Distrito de MarcoUniversidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Jr. S/NUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Jr. S/