Direito à educação e à aprendizagem: contribuições da Rede ColaborAção Tocantins

The right to education presupposes the right to learning, but this is a complex relationship in a sociopolitical context that requires the institutionalization and implementation of the National Education System and the effective functioning of instances of negotiation, cooperation, and federative agreement. In this sense, this study aims to discuss the implementation of the right to education considering the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight that the right to education implies both the duty to teach and the subjective right to learn. The research wants to understand the contributions of the ColaborAção Tocantins Network to municipal education networks and systems in facing the crisis resulting from the pandemic and its implications for guaranteeing the right to education and learning. The theoretical-methodological procedures adopted based on studies on the right to education and learning, educational policies, and their socio-political and economic aspects that impacted social institutions and, consequently, the school reality during the COVID-19 health crisis. The research, of a bibliographic and documentary nature, presents an analysis of legislation, educational standards, and the pedagogical, scientific production, and diagnoses produced by the ColaborAção Tocantins Network between 2020 and 2023. Thus, the proposal is to discuss the law on education and school learning during the pandemic period and the contributions of the ColaborAção Tocantins Network to implement this guarantee for all students. Finally, the conclusion is that given the lack of coordination between federated entities and effective public policies, the action of the ColaborAção Tocantins Network minimized the obstructive effects caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to guarantee the right to education and learning. The implementation of fundamental rights is hampered mainly by the absence of budgetary forecasts, besides the legislative omissions, which is one of the biggest obstacles to the imposition of conduct on the state administration. The social construction of learning is itself linked to its ontological dependence on the form of production, as well as on work and human existence.O direito à educação supõe o direito à aprendizagem, mas essa é uma relação complexa em um contexto sociopolítico que exige a institucionalização e implantação do Sistema Nacional de Educação e o efetivo funcionamento das instâncias de negociação, cooperação e pactuação federativa. Nesse sentido, este estudo dedica- se a discutir a efetivação do direito à educação a partir do evento da pandemia de Covid-19 e destacar que o direito à educação implica tanto no dever de ensinar quanto no direito subjetivo de aprender. O objetivo da pesquisa é compreender as contribuições da Rede ColaborAção Tocantins às redes e sistemas municipais de educação no enfrentamento da crise decorrente da pandemia e as implicações dela para a garantia do direito à educação e aprendizagem. Os procedimentos teórico- metodológicos adotados fundamentam-se em estudos sobre o direito à educação e à aprendizagem, as políticas educacionais e seus aspectos sociopolíticos e econômicos que impactaram as instituições sociais e, consequentemente, a realidade escolar, no período da crise sanitária da Covid-19. A pesquisa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental, apresenta uma análise da legislação, das normas educacionais, bem como da produção pedagógica, científica e dos diagnósticos produzidos pela Rede ColaborAção Tocantins, no período entre 2020 e 2023. Assim, a proposta é discutir o direito à educação e aprendizagem escolar no período pandêmico e as contribuições da Rede ColaborAção Tocantins para a efetivação dessa garantia a todos os alunos e alunas. Por fim, conclui-se que diante da ausência de articulação entre os entes federados e de políticas públicas efetivas, a ação da Rede ColaborAção Tocantins minimizou os efeitos negativos causados pela pandemia de Covid-19 para a garantia do direito à educação e aprendizagem. A efetivação dos direitos fundamentais é obstaculizada não só pelas omissões legislativas, mas, principalmente, pela ausência de previsão orçamentária, que se apresenta como um dos maiores inviabilizadores da imposição de conduta ao Estado-Administração. A construção social da aprendizagem está intrinsecamente ligada à sua dependência ontológica com a forma de produção, assim como com o trabalho e a existência humana

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, ventilation management, and outcomes in invasively ventilated intensive care unit patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome: a pooled analysis of four observational studies

Background: Geoeconomic variations in epidemiology, the practice of ventilation, and outcome in invasively ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain unexplored. In this analysis we aim to address these gaps using individual patient data of four large observational studies. Methods: In this pooled analysis we harmonised individual patient data from the ERICC, LUNG SAFE, PRoVENT, and PRoVENT-iMiC prospective observational studies, which were conducted from June, 2011, to December, 2018, in 534 ICUs in 54 countries. We used the 2016 World Bank classification to define two geoeconomic regions: middle-income countries (MICs) and high-income countries (HICs). ARDS was defined according to the Berlin criteria. Descriptive statistics were used to compare patients in MICs versus HICs. The primary outcome was the use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) for the first 3 days of mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes were key ventilation parameters (tidal volume size, positive end-expiratory pressure, fraction of inspired oxygen, peak pressure, plateau pressure, driving pressure, and respiratory rate), patient characteristics, the risk for and actual development of acute respiratory distress syndrome after the first day of ventilation, duration of ventilation, ICU length of stay, and ICU mortality. Findings: Of the 7608 patients included in the original studies, this analysis included 3852 patients without ARDS, of whom 2345 were from MICs and 1507 were from HICs. Patients in MICs were younger, shorter and with a slightly lower body-mass index, more often had diabetes and active cancer, but less often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure than patients from HICs. Sequential organ failure assessment scores were similar in MICs and HICs. Use of LTVV in MICs and HICs was comparable (42·4% vs 44·2%; absolute difference -1·69 [-9·58 to 6·11] p=0·67; data available in 3174 [82%] of 3852 patients). The median applied positive end expiratory pressure was lower in MICs than in HICs (5 [IQR 5-8] vs 6 [5-8] cm H2O; p=0·0011). ICU mortality was higher in MICs than in HICs (30·5% vs 19·9%; p=0·0004; adjusted effect 16·41% [95% CI 9·52-23·52]; p<0·0001) and was inversely associated with gross domestic product (adjusted odds ratio for a US$10 000 increase per capita 0·80 [95% CI 0·75-0·86]; p<0·0001). Interpretation: Despite similar disease severity and ventilation management, ICU mortality in patients without ARDS is higher in MICs than in HICs, with a strong association with country-level economic status