APEX user`s guide - (Argonne production, expansion, and exchange model for electrical systems), version 3.0

This report describes operating procedures and background documentation for the Argonne Production, Expansion, and Exchange Model for Electrical Systems (APEX). This modeling system was developed to provide the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Fossil Energy, Office of Coal and Electricity with in-house capabilities for addressing policy options that affect electrical utilities. To meet this objective, Argonne National Laboratory developed a menu-driven programming package that enables the user to develop and conduct simulations of production costs, system reliability, spot market network flows, and optimal system capacity expansion. The APEX system consists of three basic simulation components, supported by various databases and data management software. The components include (1) the investigation of Costs and Reliability in Utility Systems (ICARUS) model, (2) the Spot Market Network (SMN) model, and (3) the Production and Capacity Expansion (PACE) model. The ICARUS model provides generating-unit-level production-cost and reliability simulations with explicit recognition of planned and unplanned outages. The SMN model addresses optimal network flows with recognition of marginal costs, wheeling charges, and transmission constraints. The PACE model determines long-term (e.g., longer than 10 years) capacity expansion schedules on the basis of candidate expansion technologies and load growth estimates. In addition, the Automated Data Assembly Package (ADAP) and case management features simplify user-input requirements. The ADAP, ICARUS, and SMN modules are described in detail. The PACE module is expected to be addressed in a future publication

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATION OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

Cooperation is a strategy of an enterprise, seeking to retain its market share. The cooperation means the establishment of long‐term relations of production between economically and legally independent enterprises. The measurement of the level of cooperation achieved plays an important part in this process because it helps to determine the effect of cooperation on the efficiency of commercial activities of an enterprise, as well as the extent of cooperation influence, the conditions required for effective cooperation of enterprises, etc. In the present investigation, the analysis of the cooperation influence on the competitiveness of an enterprise is made, based on the suggested formula for determining the level of the cooperation achieved by enterprises. The analysis performed shows that this influence is not strong, implying that the appropriate organisational forms of cooperation have not been found yet. Cooperation mainly affects the profitability of an enterprise. The analysis of cooperation in the area of production shows that cooperation in production, and the development of new technologies and new products is most important for achieving enterprise profitability. The number of partners also has a great influence on cooperation effectiveness. Santrauka Kooperacija yra vienas iš imones strategines elgsenos būdu siekiant išlikti rinkoje. Tai nuolatiniu il‐galaikiu gamybiniu ryšiu nustatymas tarp ūkiškai ir teisiškai savarankišku imoniu. Svarbus vaidmuo kooperacijoje tenka jos pasiekto lygio matavimui, nes be to neimanoma nagrineti jos poveikio imoniu komercines veiklos efektyvumui, nustatyti šio poveikio ribu, efektyvios kooperacijos salygu ir pan. Re‐miantis pasiūlyta imoniu kooperacijos pasiekto lygio nustatymo formule, atlikta kooperacijos poveikio imones konkurencines veiklos rezultatams analize parode, kad jis nera stiprus, vadinasi, dar nerastos tinkamos organizacines jos formos. Kooperacija daro didžiausia itaka imones turto pelningumui. Ga‐mybos funkciju kooperavimo analize parode, kad labiausiai imoniu turto pelninguma veikia gamybos bei nauju technologiju ir produkto išvystymo kooperavimas. Didele itaka kooperacijos efektyvumui taip pat turi partneriu skaičius. First Published Online: 09 Jun 2011 Reikšminiai žodžiai: imones kooperacija, kooperacijos matavimas, kooperacijos poveikis imones komercines veiklos rezultatam