ニホン ノ チュウトウ コウトウ キョウイク キカン デ 3ゲンゴ イジョウ ヲ オシエル ニホン ニ オケル タゲンゴ キョウイク ノ ジッセン

招待論文Invited Papers本論文では日本の中等、高等教育機関で3言語以上を伸ばすための教育を行ってきた事例を4つ取り上げ、日本における多言語教育の実践方法と可能性を検討した。これらの教育機関における取り組みは実に多様であったが、全ての事例において多言語性を動的に捉える姿勢が見られた。多言語話者が多く在籍するコリア国際学園では、公用語を設定せずに複数言語の自由な使用と往来を許容する土壌を作っていた。一方、似通った言語背景の学習者が集まる明晴学園、札幌国際情報高校、関西大学外国語学部では、第3言語の授業や海外研修、多言語留学を実施し、さらに科目間の横断や複数言語教師間の協働によって、学習者が複数の言語間を効果的に往来して学んでいくような、動的な多言語学習スペースが構築されていた。「多言語転回」の時代を迎えた今、日本でも学習者が自らの複数言語レパートリーを十分に活用する動的学習過程を前提とする言語教育が益々求められている。This paper explores multilingual education practices in four Japanese education settings, in which three (and additional) languages are taught. While these schools displayed vastly diverse ways of achieving multilingualism in their programs, these school communities always viewed and promoted multilingualism as dynamic process. For instance, at Korea International School, both students and teachers were strongly encouraged to fully use their linguistic repertoire for their learning and teaching in/outside the classroom. At Meisei Gakuen, Sapporo Intercultural and Technological High School, and Kansai University, where students with similar linguistic backgrounds learn together, their language programs were intentionally designed to create multilingual spaces by offering third language courses and (multilingual) study-abroad programs. Furthermore, through interdisciplinary efforts, these multilingual spaces were made to be more dynamic, where students were able to strategically use multiple languages for learning across different language and content areas. As we have been experiencing the multilingual turn for some time now, we argue that allowing and designing a dynamic language learning process for any multilingual learner is key to successful multilingual education in Japan

Antibodies against Serum Anti-Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Chronic Lung Diseases

Chronic lung diseases (CLD), including interstitial lung disease (ILD) and airway diseases (ADs), are common complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies are reported to be associated with CLD in RA patients. The presence of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies (Abs) is associated with clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis developing into rapidly progressive ILD. However, few studies on anti-MDA5 Abs in RA have been published. Here, we analyzed the association of anti-MDA5 Abs with CLD complications in RA. Anti-MDA5 Abs were quantified in sera from RA patients with or without CLD. Anti-MDA5 Ab levels were higher in RA patients with ADs than without (mean ± SDM, 4.4 ± 2.4 vs. 4.0 ± 4.2, p = 0.0001). AUC values of anti-MDA5 Ab and RF ROC curves were similar in RA patients with or without CLD (0.578, 95%CI 0.530–0.627 and 0.579, 95%CI 0.530–0.627, respectively, p = 0.9411). Multiple logistic regression analysis of anti-MDA5 Abs and clinical characteristics yielded an MDA5-index with a higher AUC value than anti-MDA5 Ab alone (0.694, 95%CI 0.648–0.740, p = 5.08 × 10−5). Anti-MDA5 Abs were associated with ADs in RA patients and could represent a biomarker for CLD, similar to RF. The involvement of anti-MDA5 Abs in the pathogenesis of ADs in RA is proposed