Experimental results on the formation of hard compacted snow in Rikubetsu in northern Japan: A first step toward the construction of a compacted-snow runway on the Antarctic ice sheet

This paper describes the experimental methods and results on the formation of hard compacted snow in Rikubetsu in northern Japan during the winter of 1999. This basic research was the first step towards the construction of a compacted-snow runway on the Antarctic ice sheet. In Rikubetsu, we constructed three test fields(20m in length, 7m in width, and 0.4-1.0m in thickness) on compacted basal snow(approximately 0.05m in thickness). First, 0.1-0.35-m-thick layers of snow were deposited on the basal snow of the fields using a rotary snowplow. Next, the surface snow was smoothed using an excavator. Finally, the snow layers were compacted four times using a bulldozer. This entire process was repeated three to four times in order to construct 0.4-1.0-m-thick test fields. The ram hardness, snow density, and snow structure of these fields were investigated. A comparison with the criteria established by a U.S. scientist for a large aircraft-such as the C-130(Abele, 1990)-revealed that if snow in the form of three 0.2-0.25-m-thick layers is compacted four times by a bulldozer, it is sufficiently hard to serve as a runway at H68(69°11\u279″S, 41°03\u2734″E, 1204m a.s.l.) for a wheeled C-130. The Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition plans to conduct a feasibility study on the construction of the hard com-pacted-snow runway at this location

Magnetic Properties of Amorphous (Fe_<1-x>Cr_x)-P-C and (Co_<1-x>Fe_x)-B-Si Alloys

The magnetization measurement of amorphous (Fe_Cr_x)-P-C and (Co_Fe_x)-B-Si alloys have been made from liq. He temperature to room temperature and the magnetic moments, the temperature dependence of demagnetization and the exchange stiffness constants are determined. The composition dependence of the magnetic moment is similar to that of the crystalline Fe-Cr and Co-Fe alloys but this is not the case with the exchange stiffness constant

Integrated genetic and clinical prognostic factors for aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

成人T細胞白血病リンパ腫（ATL）におけるゲノム情報と臨床情報を統合したリスクモデルを確立 --ATLの個別化医療を推進--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-04-10.The prognosis of aggressive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is poor, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative treatment. To identify favorable prognostic patients after intensive chemotherapy, and who therefore might not require upfront allo-HSCT, we aimed to improve risk stratification of aggressive ATL patients aged <70 years. The clinical risk factors and genetic mutations were incorporated into risk modeling for overall survival (OS). We generated the m7-ATLPI, a clinicogenetic risk model for OS, that included the ATL prognostic index (PI) (ATL-PI) risk category, and non-silent mutations in seven genes, namely TP53, IRF4, RHOA, PRKCB, CARD11, CCR7, and GATA3. In the training cohort of 99 patients, the m7-ATLPI identified a low-, intermediate-, and high-risk group with 2-year OS of 100%, 43%, and 19%, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 5.46, p < 0.0001). The m7-ATLPI achieved superior risk stratification compared to the current ATL-PI (C-index 0.92 vs. 0.85, respectively). In the validation cohort of 84 patients, the m7-ATLPI defined low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups with a 2-year OS of 81%, 30%, and 0%, respectively (HR 2.33, p = 0.0094), and the model again outperformed the ATL-PI (C-index 0.72 vs. 0.70, respectively). The simplified m7-ATLPI, which is easier to use in clinical practice, achieved superior risk stratification compared to the ATL-PI, as did the original m7-ATLPI; the simplified version was calculated by summing the following: high-risk ATL-PI category (+10), low-risk ATL-PI category (−4), and non-silent mutations in TP53 (+4), IRF4 (+3), RHOA (+1), PRKCB (+1), CARD11 (+0.5), CCR7 (−2), and GATA3 (−3)

Carbon ion radiotherapy for localized primary sarcoma of the extremities: Results of a phase I/II trial

PurposeTo determine the effectiveness of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for localized primary sarcomas of the extremities in a prospective study.\nPatients and materialsFrom April 2000 to May 2010, 17 (male/female: 12/5) patients with localized primary sarcoma of the extremities received CIRT. The median age was 53 years (range: 14&#8211;87 years). Nine patients had primary diseases and eight had recurrent diseases. Of the 17 patients, eight refused amputation, and the remaining nine refused surgical resection. Tumors were located in the upper limbs in four patients and lower limbs in 13. Histological diagnosis was osteosarcoma in three patients, liposarcoma in two, synovial sarcoma in two, rhabdomyosarcoma in two, pleomorphic sarcoma in two, and miscellaneous in six. The CIRT dose to the limb was 52.8 GyE for one patient, 64 GyE for three, 70.4 GyE for 13 in 16 fixed fractions over 4 weeks. Records were reviewed and outcomes including radiologic response, local control (progression-free), and survival were analyzed.\nResultsThe median follow-up was 37 months (range: 11&#8211;97 months). Radiological response rate was 65% (PR in 11, SD in 5, and PD in 1). The local control rate at 5 years was 76%. The overall survival rate at 5 years was 56%. Of the 17 patients, 10 survived without disease progression. Four patients had local recurrences, one was salvaged by repeated CIRT and the other three died due to systemic diseases. Distant failure was observed in six patients. One patient suffered from femoral fracture (grade 3) and received surgical fixation 27 months after CIRT. No other severe reactions (grade 3) were observed.\nConclusionsCIRT is suggested to be an effective and safe treatment for patients who refuse surgery for localized primary sarcomas of the extremitie