Study design.

<p>Study design.</p

Survival rate and mobility of the miniscrew implants at 4 and 12 weeks after immediate-loading.

a<p>number of miniscrew implants inserted ^bnumber of mobile miniscrew implants (which survived) ^csame devices.</p

Histological slides (Modified Goldner's Masson Trichrome) of screw devices (x1.6) at 4 weeks;

<p>A. (stainless steel device, anterior area), B. (stainless steel device, posterior area), C. (Ti6Al4V device, anterior area), D. (Ti6Al4V device, posterior area).</p

Histological slide (Modified Goldner's Masson Trichrome) of a screw device (Group 1: stainless steel device, posterior area) (x1.6); proximity with germ and root can be noticed.

<p>Histological slide (Modified Goldner's Masson Trichrome) of a screw device (Group 1: stainless steel device, posterior area) (x1.6); proximity with germ and root can be noticed.</p

Box plot showing the “bone-screw interface” values after a 4-week loading period of stainless steel and Ti6Al4V screws (median, 25% and 75% percentile).

<p>“Bone-screw interface” rate: stainless steel anterior area (5.28% (0.78–9.39)), stainless steel posterior area (7.43% (5.16–13.56)), Ti6Al4V anterior area (0.69%(0.00–2.00)), Ti6Al4V posterior area (2.66%(0.00–5.32)).</p

Screws evaluated in the present study;

<p>A. Leone (stainless steel, 2 mm in diameter) B. Absoanchor (Ti6Al4V, 2-1.8 mm in diameter).</p

Morphology and morphometry of the long bones in newborn BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice.

<p>(A) 3D µCT reconstruction and morphometry of newborn whole femurs from BSP+/+ (+/+) and −/− newborn mice. (B) Histomorphometry of trabecular bone in newborn femurs from +/+ and −/− mice. Data are Mean±SEM of N = 4 to 10 mice; *:p<0.05, **:p<0.01 Vs +/+, Mann-Whitney U Test. (C) Micrographs of Goldner's trichrome and Von Kossa staining of BSP+/+ and BSP−/− newborn femur sagittal sections. Yellow polygon: ROI for histomorphometry of the trabecular bone. Bar  = 400 µm.</p

Newborn morphology and growth of BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice.

<p>(A) general aspect of BSP+/+ (+/+) and BSP −/− (−/−) newborn mice. (B) Kinetics of weight gain during the growth of BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice. M, males; F, females. Data are Mean±SEM of N = 4 to 31 mice. Note the log scale.</p

Growth plate and osteoblast marker protein expression and blood levels in newborn and adult BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice.

<p>QRT-PCR was performed 6 days after birth on collected whole femurs and tibias including the growth plates, ground and extracted in Tri-reagent. Messenger RNA expression of growth plate regulators IHH, PTHrP and IGF-1 (A), markers of bone formation Runx2, Osx and Ocn (B) and SIBLING proteins DMP1, MEPE and Opn (C) were assessed in samples from BSP+/+ (N = 5) and BSP−/− (N = 9) mice. Expression levels are normalized on the housekeeping gene GAPDH, and on Runx2 levels for Opn (C). ELISA assay of Opn (D) in the serum of 6 days (N = 5 pools), 35 days and 12 month old (N = 5 male) BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice. Data are Mean±SEM; *: p<0.05, **: p<0.01, ***: p<0.001 vs BSP+/+, Mann-Whitney U test.</p

Growth plate kinetics of newborn, 3 week old, 10 and 16 week old BSP+/+ and BSP−/− mice.

<p>Data are Mean±SEM of N = 7 to 8 newborn and 4 to 6 adult mice; *:p<0.05, **:p<0.001 vs BSP+/+ Mann-Whitney U Test. Micrographs of the growth plate in the distal femur of BSP+/+ and BSP−/− newborn and 3, 10 and 16 week old mice.</p