Formulasi Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Biji Kakao (Theobroma Cacao) Sebagai Antibakteri Propionibacterium Acne

Cocoa bean is one part cocoa plant which has many benefit in the health field. Polyphenolic compounds cocoa bean proven to have activity antioxidants and antibacterial. This research purposes to prove that cocoa bean extract (Theobroma cacao) could be formulated become cream preparation and had antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acne. In this research cocoa bean extract formulated in cream preparation with different extract concentration such as, F1 (3%), F2 (6%) and F3 (12%) with using stearic acid, paraffin liquid, adepslanae, as oil phase, TEA, aquadest as water phase, and methyl paraben as preservative. Then that were evaluated of homogenity, organoleptic, pH, viscosity dispersive power, glutinous power and inhibition power of antibacterial. Result of evaluation of stock had a pH range of between 6,4-8,1, the viscosity range from 2324-526 cps 1, dispersive power between 5,47-6,95 cm, and the glutinous power between 4,2-5,3 second. Each formula was stable in storage cycling testand temperature 40ºC ± 2ºC, 28ºC ± 2ºC, 4ºC ± 2ºC and the three formulas had antibacterial of Propionibacterium acne. The conclusion of this study is cocoa bean extract could be formulated in cream preparations and had a zone of inhibition against bacteria Propionibacterium acne. Keywords: Antibacterial cream, Propionibacterium acne, Theobroma caca

Fraksi Etanol Rimpang Jeringau (Acorus Calamus L.) Sebagai Antibakteri Rerhadap Staphylococcus Aureus Dan Escherichia Coli

Acorus calamus L. (jeringau) rhizomes are one of the medicinal plants used as traditional medicine in Indonesia. This plant were used as an antibacterial. The purpose of this research were to prove the inhibition jeringau rhizome on the selected microorganisme including two bacterial trains Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The rhizomes of jeringau were extracted with maceration method using ethanol 70 % and fractionation process using solvent v/v (ethanol, n-hexane and chloroform). The antibacterial activity used the cup plate method with the concentration 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, positive control using ampicillin and negative control using aquades. The test were continved by determining the minimum inhibitor concentration (MIC). Research was obtained zone diameters of 0 mm (negative control), 35.37 mm (positive control), 23.33 mm (concentration 20%), 25.52 mm (40%), 27.11 mm (60%), 30.09 mm (80%), and 33.16 mm (100%) against Staphylococcus aureus. Inhibitory zone diameters 0 mm negative control, 36.68 mm positive control, 22.53 mm (concentration 20%), 25.85 mm (40%), 28.08 mm (60%), 29.73 mm (80%), and 32.21 mm (100%) against Escherichia coli. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value in both bacterial were 2%. The results showed that all fraction concentrations could inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Keywords : Rhizome Jeringau, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli

Pengaruh Fraksi Air Daun Kedondong Bangkok (Spondias Dulcis) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Mencit Putih Jantan

Ambarella Bangkok fruit (Spondias dulcis) is fruits from Anacardiaceae family. Ambarella plant is known containing secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin and tannin. Flavonoid is a polyphenol compound which work as antioksdant. Ambarela Bangkok leaf containing rich antioksidant which can be use as prevention of cancer, heart disease, cholesterol, diabetes, and premature aging. The purpose of this research is to look effect from water fraction from Ambarela leaf (spondias dulcis) to decrease diabetes disease from white male mice. In this research ambarela leaf is extracted by maseration with 70% alcohol. After the extract obtained then fractionation prosen be held. From the fraction wich ocurred, then made three variant of dose those are 175.5 mg/kgW, 351 mg/kgW and 702 mg/kgW. From those three dose, the 702mg/ kgW dose has the best effect from another dose. Positive control used glibenclamide and negative control used aquadest. The result of this research shows that water fraction from Ambarela leaf can decrease diabetes desease from the white male mice. The the greater fraction concentration, the greater the concentration of the fraction then the decrease of blood glucose level in mice is getting better. The 702mg/kgW dose has an average value of decline 94.3 mg/Dl. The result of analisys shows that watter fraction of ambarella Bangkok leaf can decrease the blood glucose level in male white mice. Key word : Spondias dulcis, water fraction of Ambarela leaf , Blood glucose leve