Caribou distribution during calving in the northeast National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska, June 1998 to 2000

Barren ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) of the Teshekpuk Caribou Herd (TCH) inhabit the western portion of Alaska's Arctic Coastal Plain within the National Petroleum Reserve—Alaska (NPR-A). Alaska's North Slope communities, management agencies, and private industry are interested in this herd because of its importance as a subsistence resource and location relative to potential petroleum development. From 1998 through 2000, we monitored caribou distribution during the calving period within the Northeast Planning Area of the NPR-A using systematic strip-transect aerial surveys, as well as VHF and satellite telemetry for cow caribou. Aerial survey and telemetry data indicated cows with calves were distributed around Teshekpuk Lake, with a concentration south of the lake in 1999 and 2000. Inconsistencies in weather conditions, survey timing (both strip-transect and VHF surveys), 100% coverage survey areas, and small sample sizes confound interpretations of our results. However, several patterns were apparent. Later transect survey timing (7—12 June versus 4—7 and 5—8 June) resulted in more cow/calf pairs recorded. Our 18% coverage area, originally based on VHF telemetry data for the extent of TCH calving, covered a consistently high proportion (95% to 100%) of the annual calving ranges (95% kernel utilization distributions), but accounted for only 24% to 46% of the adult cows in the TCH based on the current Alaska Department of Fish and Game population estimate (1999) and average 1998¬2000 herd composition. It appears that either our transect survey methodology significantly underestimated the true number of caribou cows in the study area, many cows calved outside the area or moved into the area and calved after our surveys, or we have over estimated the number of reproductive cows in the herd. Our 100% coverage transect areas covering oil and gas lease areas, contained 38% of the calving range with 23% of TCH cows in 1999; and 18% of the calv¬ing range with 8% of TCH cows in 2000. Based on 95% minimum convex polygon ranges, satellite collared cow/calf pairs were not stationary during either our survey period (14.7 ± 6.56 km2; mean ± standard error of the mean; 4—12 June) or during the calving period (86.9 ± 72.30 km2; 1—20 June) during 1998—2000. Site specific pre-development data on caribou distribution during calving in NPR-A will be useful for assessing the importance of specific areas to caribou during calving and for designing oilfields that minimize impacts should oil development occur

Oilfield Development and Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) Distribution and Abundance in Central Alaskan Beaufort Sea Lagoons, 1970–2001

We evaluated aerial survey data for glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) in central Alaskan Beaufort Sea lagoons near the Prudhoe Bay oilfields during June to September 1978– 2001 for trends in numbers of glaucous gulls, associations with human activity, and confounding relationships with environmental variables. Most glaucous gulls were in barrier island and mainland shoreline habitats, and the total number of gulls per survey ranged from 50 to 1600. Seasonal variation in abundance was apparent, with the largest numbers of gulls consistently recorded during September surveys. Ice cover and wave height had a significant negative correlation with the linear density of glaucous gulls (gulls/km). There was no clear trend in abundance of gulls in the lagoons at Prudhoe Bay or obvious interaction with human activity (such as air traffic, boat traffic, or humans on land or water) in the survey area during the period of oilfield development (1978–2001). We compiled glaucous gull nest counts from 1970 to 2001 across barrier islands to evaluate trends in the number of nests and associations with other colonial nesting species. The mean number of active glaucous gull nests increased from 1970–74 (77.6 nests per year) to 1975–85 (154.4 nests per year), but there was no evidence of a difference from 1970–74 to 1987– 2001 (153.0 nests per year). However, the change in 1976 from aerial to ground-based nest surveys confounds comparison of the survey periods before this date (1970– 74) with those after it (1975–85 and 1987– 2001). A strong positive relationship between the number of glaucous gull nests and both common eider and snow goose nests suggests that common environmental variables may be regulating nesting for these species.On a évalué les données de relevés aériens pour les goélands bourgmestres (Larus hyperboreus) des lagunes de la mer de Beaufort dans le centre de l’Alaska, près des champs pétrolifères de la baie Prudhoe des mois de juin à septembre des années 1978 à 2001 afin de déterminer les tendances caractérisant le nombre de goélands bourgmestres, leurs associations avec l’activité humaine et les relations confondues avec les variables environnementales. La plupart des goélands bourgmestres évoluaient dans des habitats faisant partie de cordons d’îles et de rivages continentaux. Le nombre total de goélands faisant l’objet de chaque relevé variait de 50 à 1600. Du point de vue de l’abondance, les variations saisonnières étaient évidentes, le nombre le plus élevé de goélands étant constamment enregistré en septembre. La couverture de glace et la hauteur des vagues avaient une importante corrélation négative sur la densité linéaire des goélands bourgmestres (goélands/km). Il n’y avait pas de tendance claire en ce qui a trait à l’abondance des goélands sur les lagunes de la baie Prudhoe ou d’interaction évidente avec l’activité humaine (comme la circulation aérienne, la circulation maritime ou les êtres humains évoluant sur la terre ou sur l’eau) dans la zone visée par les relevés pendant la période de mise en valeur des champs pétrolifères (soit de 1978 à 2001). On a compilé le nombre de nids de goélands bourgmestres de 1970 à 2001 à l’échelle du cordon d’îles pour évaluer les tendances caractérisant le nombre de nids et d’associations avec d’autres espèces à nidification qui vivent en colonies. Le nombre moyen de nids de goélands bourgmestres actifs a augmenté de 1970–74 (77.6 nids par année) à 1975–85 (154,4 nids par année). Cependant, il ne semblait pas y avoir de différence entre 1975–85 et 1987–2001 (153,0 nids par année). Cela dit, l’écart enregistré en 1976 entre les relevés aériens et les relevés terrestres à l’égard des nids confond la comparaison des périodes de relevés avant cette date (1970– 74) avec celles qui suivent (1975– 85 et 1987–2001). Une forte relation positive entre le nombre de nids de goélands bourgmestres et le nombre de nids d’eiders à duvet et d’oies blanches suggère que des variables environnementales communes peuvent régulariser la nidification de ces espèces

Long-tailed Duck, Clangula hyemalis, Eider, Somateria spp., and Scoter, Melanitta spp., Distributions in Central Alaska Beaufort Sea Lagoons, 1999-2002

During July and August 1999–2002, distributions of Long-tailed Ducks (Clangula hyemalis), eiders (Somateria spp.) and scoters (Melanitta spp.) were documented in three barrier island-lagoon systems in the central Alaska Beaufort Sea. Concentration areas for each species were determined during 16 aerial surveys. Kernel density procedures were used to delineate 75% and 50% “activity” or concentration areas for all three species. Long-tailed Ducks were 13 times more numerous than eiders and 38 times more numerous than scoters. The Long-tailed Duck 75% activity area encompassed all three lagoon systems and was three times as large as the eider activity area and one-third larger than the scoter activity area. Eider activity areas were located only in the eastern lagoon, and scoter activity areas were located only in the western lagoon. Density contours showed patterns of repeated habitat use for sea ducks over the four years of sampling and improve our understanding of sea duck habitat use within Beaufort Sea barrier island-lagoon habitats

Assessment of Effects of an Oil Pipeline on Caribou, Rangifer tarandus granti, Use of Riparian Habitats in Arctic Alaska, 2001-2003

Elevated oil field pipelines may alter Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) movements and delay or prevent access to insect relief habitat. In an attempt to determine if the 40-km elevated Badami pipeline in northern Alaska changed Caribou use of riparian habitats at the three river crossings where the pipeline is buried, we quantified Caribou habitat use at all three crossings using time-lapse video cameras and aerial distribution surveys over three summers. We compared habitat use, behavior and duration of observations among pipeline and non-pipeline sites. We used a block experimental design with cameras at four sites at the three river crossings to evaluate differences in numbers of Caribou per day at pipeline and non-pipeline sites. At each crossing, four cameras were positioned, with one pair of cameras next to the pipeline (pipeline sites) and one pair of cameras 1.8-3.2 km upstream from the pipeline (non-pipeline sites); where cameras monitored the river bank and channel (river habitat) and the tundra within about 200 m of the river (tundra habitat). Peak numbers of Caribou per day occurred during early July 2003 and mid-July 2001 and 2002. Large numbers of Caribou recorded north of the pipeline during aerial surveys did not usually correspond with increased number per day recorded by cameras suggesting Caribou probably also crossed the pipeline outside of the riparian areas. We assessed local changes in riparian habitat use by comparing the numbers of Caribou per day in river and tundra habitats at pipeline and non-pipeline sites and found no difference. We assessed regional changes in riparian habitat use by comparing numbers of Caribou per day at pipeline sites and at non-pipeline sites and found no difference. Caribou groups spent an average of 1 minute longer at tundra pipeline sites and groups spent 30 seconds longer feeding and trotting at pipeline sites, but these differences were not significant

Common Eider (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) Nest Cover and Depredation on Central Alaskan Beaufort Sea Barrier Islands

Female common eiders (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) generally select nest sites in areas with driftwood cover. Previous studies of common eiders have shown a positive relationship between nest success and driftwood cover. Our observations led us to hypothesize that cover does not enhance nest success when mammalian predators are present. To evaluate nest cover selection in common eiders, we examined five years of nesting data to determine the interactions between the probability of nest activity and the amount of driftwood cover in the presence of avian versus mammalian predators. Most common eider nests were surrounded by low (40%) or moderate (38%) driftwood cover. Nest failure rates were high (32%– 95%), and arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus), alone or with polar bears (Ursus maritimus), appeared to be more destructive than glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) to eider nests. Logistic regression was used to model common eider nest activity associated with driftwood cover and predators. When glaucous gulls were the only predators, more driftwood cover consistently increased the probability of nest activity. But when foxes were present, nest activity consistently decreased with increasing cover. Our models support our observations that nest cover was beneficial to eiders when glaucous gulls alone were predators. Driftwood cover may be most important for the thermal and structural protection it offers, rather than for the camouflage it provides. The energetic benefit provided by driftwood windbreaks coupled with the common eider’s behavioral response of decreased nest attendance, or increased exposure to avian depredation of nests as energy reserves are depleted during incubation, provides an explanatory mechanism for our model results.L’eider à duvet femelle (Somateria mollissima v-nigrum) choisit en général son site de nidification dans des zones ayant un couvert de bois flotté. Des études précédentes sur les eiders à duvet ont révélé qu’il existe une relation positive entre le succès de la couvée et le couvert de bois flotté. Nos observations nous ont amenés à émettre l’hypothèse que le couvert n’augmente pas le succès de la couvée en présence de prédateurs mammifères. Afin d’évaluer le choix de couvert du nid chez l’eider à duvet, nous avons examiné des données de nidification obtenues sur cinq années, en vue de dégager les interactions entre la probabilité d’activité au nid et la quantité de couvert de bois flotté en présence de prédateurs aviens par opposition aux prédateurs mammifères. La plupart des nids de l’eider à duvet étaient entourés par un faible couvert de bois flotté (40 %) ou un couvert modéré (38 %). Les taux d’insuccès étaient élevés (32 à 95 %) et le renard arctique (Alopex lagopus), seul ou avec l’ours polaire (Ursus maritimus), semblait plus destructeur pour les nids de l’eider que le goéland bourgmestre (Larus hyperboreus). On a utilisé la régression logistique pour simuler l’activité au nid de l’eider à duvet associée au couvert de bois flotté et aux prédateurs. Quand le goéland bourgmestre était le seul prédateur, une plus grande quantité de bois flotté augmentait toujours la probabilité d’activité au nid. En revanche, en présence du renard, l’activité au nid diminuait toujours avec une augmentation du couvert. Nos modèles viennent appuyer nos observations à l’effet que le couvert du nid représentait un avantage pour l’eider quand le goéland bourgmestre était le seul prédateur. Le couvert de bois flotté pourrait bien être d’une importance capitale en raison de la protection thermique et structurale qu’il offre, plutôt que pour ses capacités de camouflage. L’avantage énergétique qu’offrent les brise-vent de bois flotté joint à la réaction comportementale de l’eider à duvet – qui se manifeste par une plus grande présence au nid, ou une plus grande exposition à une déprédation avienne du nid à mesure que s’épuisent les réserves d’énergie durant l’incubation –, ces deux éléments donc fournissent un mécanisme pouvant expliquer les résultats de notre modèle

Caribou Distribution During the Post-calving Period in Relation to Infrastructure in the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field, Alaska

There is concern that caribou (Rangifer tarandus) may avoid roads and facilities (i.e. infrastructure) in the Prudhoe Bay oil field (PBOF) in northern Alaska, and that this avoidance can have negative effects on the animals. We quantified the relationship between caribou distribution and PBOF infrastructure during the post-calving period (mid-June to mid-August) with aerial surveys from 1990 to 1995. We conducted four to eight surveys per year with complete coverage of the PBOF. We identified active oil field infrastructure and used a geographic information system (GIS) to construct ten 1 km wide concentric intervals surrounding the infrastructure. We tested whether caribou distribution is related to distance from infrastructure with a chi-squared habitat utilization-availability analysis and log-linear regression. We considered bull, calves, and total caribou of all sex/age classes separately. The habitat utilization-availability analysis indicated there was no consistent trend of attraction to or avoidance of infrastructure. Caribou frequently were more abundant than expected in the intervals close to infrastructure, and this trend was more pronounced for bulls and for total caribou of all sex/age classes than for calves. Log-linear regression (with Poisson error structure) of numbers of caribou and distance from infrastructure were also done, with and without combining data into the 1 km distance intervals. The analysis without intervals revealed no relationship between caribou distribution and distance from oil field infrastructure, or between caribou distribution and Julian date, year, or distance from the Beaufort Sea coast. The log-linear regression with caribou combined into distance intervals showed the density of bulls and total caribou of all sex/age classes declined with distance from infrastructure. Our results indicate that during the post-calving period: 1) caribou distribution is largely unrelated to distance from infrastructure; 2) caribou regularly use habitats in the PBOF; 3) caribou often occur close to infrastructure; and 4) caribou do not appear to avoid oil field infrastructure.On s'inquiète du fait que le caribou (Rangifer tarandus) pourrait éviter les routes et installations (c-à-d. les infrastructures) du champ pétrolifère de Prudhoe Bay dans l'Alaska septentrional et que ce comportement pourrait avoir des répercussions négatives sur les animaux. Des relevés aériens effectués de 1990 à 1995 ont permis de quantifier le rapport entre la distribution du caribou et les infrastructures du champ pétrolifère de Prudhoe Bay au cours de la période suivant immédiatement la mise bas (de mi-juin à mi-août). On a procédé à un nombre de relevés annuels allant de quatre à huit, couvrant toute la superficie du champ. On a identifié les infrastructures du champ pétrolifère qui étaient en activité et utilisé un système d'information géographique (SIG) pour construire dix anneaux concentriques de 1 km de large entourant chaque infrastructure. On a testé l'hypothèse que la distribution du caribou est indépendante de l'éloignement de l'infrastructure grâce au test de chi carré entre l'utilisation et la disponibilité de l'habitat, et à la régression log-linéaire. On a tenu compte séparément de la catégorie des mâles, de celle des veaux et de celle de la population totale, sexe et âge confondus. L'analyse de l'utilisation et de la disponibilité de l'habitat révélait qu'il n'y avait pas de schéma cohérent d'attrait ou d'évitement des infrastructures. Les caribous étaient souvent plus abondants que prévu dans les anneaux proches des infrastructures, et cette tendance était plus prononcée pour les mâles adultes et pour l'ensemble des catégories, sexe et âge confondus, que pour les veaux. On a fait les analyses par régression log-linéaire en regroupant et sans regrouper les données anneaux de 1 km de largeur. L'analyse sans regroupement montrait qu'il n'existe pas de rapport entre la distribution du caribou et l'éloignement des infrastructures du champ pétrolifère, ou entre la distribution du caribou et la date julienne ou même l'éloignement de la côte de la mer de Beaufort. L'analyse log-linéaire avec les caribous regroupés dans des anneaux concentriques montrait que la densité des mâles adultes de l'ensemble de la population, sexe et âge confondus, était plus élevée dans les anneaux jouxtant les infrastructures. Nos résultats indiquent que, durant la période suivant immédiatement la mise bas: (1) la distribution du caribou est dans une large mesure indépendante de l'éloignement des infrastructures; (2) le caribou utilise les habitats au sein du champ pétrolifère de Prudhoe Bay sur une base régulière; (3) le caribou se trouve fréquemment près des infrastructures; et (4) le caribou ne semble pas chercher à éviter les infrastructures du champ pétrolifère

The Grizzly, February 8, 1985

Ursinus Grading System a Problem? • Former DA Lectures on Alcohol • Library Abuse Called Academic Dishonesty • Suspected Conspiracy Makes Zack\u27s Rest Uneasy • The Wismer Food Groups • CP & P Urges Students to Investigate Intern Options • Campus Life Considers Problems With Proposed Co-ed Dorms • Intramural Program Expands • Faculty Member Exhibits Art Work in Myrin • Heads Bring Magic to The Movies • Model U.N. • Scholarship Announced • Women Cagers Defeat Swarthmore • Grapplers Drop Two, Win One • Pharmacy Stops B-ball Streak • Badminton Beats Harcum, Loses to Rosemont • Fond Memories of The Bull • Lorelei Tonight • Lantern Offers Prize for Best Poem • Blockson to Speakhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1132/thumbnail.jp

The Treasured Hunt: Collecting Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Past, Present, and Future

Welcome and Opening Remarks: E. Ann Matter, University of Pennsylvania, and Lynn Ransom, Free Library of Philadelphia Session 1. Beginnings: Collecting in the Middle Ages and Renaissance Session Chair: Emily Steiner, Department of English, University of Pennsylvania Claire Richter Sherman, Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts at the National Gallery of Art, The Manuscript Collection of King Charles V of France: The Personal and the Political David Rundle, History Faculty and Corpus Christi College, Oxford University, The Butcher of England and the Renaissance Arts of Book-Collecting Session 2: Civic Service: The Legacies of Philadelphia-Area Collectors Chair: Peter Stallybrass, Department of English, University of Pennsylvania James Tanis, Director of Libraries and Professor of History Emeritus, Bryn Mawr College, Migrating Manuscripts Derick Dreher, Director, The Rosenbach Museum & Library, Of Private Collectors and Public Libraries: Dr. A. S. W. Rosenbach and John Frederick Lewis Session 3: Keynote address Welcome: H. Carton Rogers, Vice Provost & Director of Libraries, University of Pennsylvania Chair: Robert Maxwell, Department of the History of Art, University of Pennsylvania Christopher de Hamel, Gaylord Donnelley Fellow Librarian, Corpus Christi College, Cambridge University, The Manuscript Collection of C. L. Ricketts (1859-1941) Session 4: The Hunters and the Hunted: A Roundtable Discussion with Private and Institutional Collectors Chair: David Wallace, Department of English, University of Pennsylvania Moderator: Richard Linenthal, Bernard Quaritch Ltd. Panelists: Lawrence J. Schoenberg, Private Collector Gifford Combs, Private Collector Toshiyuki Takamiya, Private Collector, Keio University Consuelo Dutschke, Curator of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts, Columbia University William Noel, Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, The Walters Art Museu

Introduction: Toward an Engaged Feminist Heritage Praxis

We advocate a feminist approach to archaeological heritage work in order to transform heritage practice and the production of archaeological knowledge. We use an engaged feminist standpoint and situate intersubjectivity and intersectionality as critical components of this practice. An engaged feminist approach to heritage work allows the discipline to consider women’s, men’s, and gender non-conforming persons’ positions in the field, to reveal their contributions, to develop critical pedagogical approaches, and to rethink forms of representation. Throughout, we emphasize the intellectual labor of women of color, queer and gender non-conforming persons, and early white feminists in archaeology