“We’re just stuck in a daily routine”:Implications of the temporal dimensions, demands and dispositions of mothering for leisure time physical activity

The reduced physical activity of women when they become mothers is a public health priority. Existing studies show that mothers have little time for leisure, or time that is fragmented and requiring negotiation with others. However, the temporal features of mothering are undertheorised and qualitative studies tend to focus on how mothers can skilfully construct physically active identities and balance societal expectations about being a "good mother". In line with other research that focuses on the configuration of everyday practices that condition the "possibilities" for health-related practices like physical activity, we shift our focus away from the resisting capacities of mothers to the temporal features of mothering practices. We interrogate the lived experiences of 15 mothers of preschool children in deprived urban areas and illuminate the inherent temporal dimensions, demands and dispositions of mothering practices that condition the possibility of leisure time physical activity being undertaken. Together, these temporal features mean mothering practices can readily work against leisure time physical activity. The focus on the mothering practices rather than mothers brings a novel perspective for developing public health policy designed to support mothers into regular leisure time physical activity

The structure of vitamin B<SUB>12</SUB>. IX. The crystal structure of cobyric acid, factor V 1 a

The structure of cobyric acid (factor V 1a), the aquocyanide of the natural nucleus of the B12 vitamins, has been determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The crystals are monoclinic, space group, P21; the asymmetric unit has the contents, C46H66O9N11Co.11H2O. The intensities of the X-ray spectra recorded with CuKα radiation were measured visually; they showed marked intensity differences between hkl and hk̅l reflexions due to anomalous dispersion, which permitted the calculation of phase angles for 1994 reflexions; the ambiguity in phase angle determination from the differences was resolved by choosing the one nearer to the phase of the cobalt atom. The first electron density map obtained revealed the structure almost completely. It has been refined by successive structure factor and difference electron density maps and block diagonal least squares calculations; in the later stages adjustments were made to the individual observed F values, 6188 reflexions in all. Many details of the geometry of the cobyric acid nucleus and of the attached side chains are well defined; one acetamide group, that on ring B, is rotated from its usual position to make a hydrogen bonded contact with a water molecule attached to the cobalt atom