Bone Marrow Transplantation Results in Human Donor Blood Cells Acquiring and Displaying Mouse Recipient Class I MHC and CD45 Antigens on Their Surface

Background: Mouse models of human disease are invaluable for determining the differentiation ability and functional capacity of stem cells. The best example is bone marrow transplants for studies of hematopoietic stem cells. For organ studies, the interpretation of the data can be difficult as transdifferentiation, cell fusion or surface antigen transfer (trogocytosis) can be misinterpreted as differentiation. These events have not been investigated in hematopoietic stem cell transplant models. Methodology/Principal Findings: In this study we investigated fusion and trogocytosis involving blood cells during bone marrow transplantation using a xenograft model. We report that using a standard SCID repopulating assay almost 100 % of the human donor cells appear as hybrid blood cells containing both mouse and human surface antigens. Conclusion/Significance: Hybrid cells are not the result of cell-cell fusion events but appear to be due to efficient surface antigen transfer, a process referred to as trogocytosis. Antigen transfer appears to be non-random and includes all donor cells regardless of sub-type. We also demonstrate that irradiation preconditioning enhances the frequency of hybrid cell

CD133/Prom1 marks proximal mouse oviduct epithelial progenitors and adult epithelial cells with a low generative capacity.

Peer reviewed: TrueAcknowledgements: We would like to thank the Advanced BioImaging Facility (ABIF), McGill Integrated Core for Animal Modeling (MICAM) and Animal Resources Centre (CMARC) located in the Life Sciences Complex (McGill University) for assistance with imaging and animal management.Funder: McGill University; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100008582Funder: Fonds de Recherche du Quebec (FRQS)Funder: University of Cambridge; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000735The epithelium lining the oviduct or fallopian tube consists of multiciliated and secretory cells, which support fertilization and preimplantation development, however, its homeostasis remains poorly understood. CD133/Prom1 expression has been used as a marker to identify adult stem cell populations in various organs and often associated with cancer cells that have stem-like properties. Using an antibody targeted to CD133 and a Cre recombinase-based lineage tracing strategy, we found that CD133/Prom1 expression is not associated with a stem/progenitor population in the oviduct but marked predominantly multiciliated cells with a low generative capacity. Additionally, we have shown that CD133 is disparately localised along the oviduct during neonatal development, and that Prom1 expressing secretory cells in the ampulla rapidly transitioned to multiciliated cells and progressively migrated to the ridge of epithelial folds

Acute pain and analgesic requirement after vaginal childbirth with and without neuraxial labor analgesia-Retrospective cohort study.

BackgroundFew data are available on the intensity of pain that women experience during the first five days after vaginal childbirth. Moreover, it is unknown if the use of neuraxial labor analgesia has any impact on the level of postpartum pain.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study based on chart review of all women who delivered vaginally at an urban teaching hospital between April 2017 and April 2019. The primary outcome was the area under the curve of pain score on numeric rating scale (NRS) documented in electronic medical records for five days postpartum (NRS-AUC5days). Secondary outcomes included peak NRS score, doses of oral and intravenous analgesics consumed during the first five days postpartum, and relevant obstetric outcomes. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the use of neuraxial labor analgesia and pain-related outcomes adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsDuring the study period, 778 women (38.6%) underwent vaginal delivery with neuraxial analgesia and 1240 women (61.4%) delivered without neuraxial analgesia. Median (Interquartile range) of NRS-AUC5days was 0.17 (0.12-0.24) among women who received neuraxial analgesia and 0.13 (0.08-0.19) among women who did not (pConclusionAlthough women who used neuraxial labor analgesia had slightly higher pain scores and increased analgesic requirement during postpartum hospitalization, pain after vaginal childbirth was overall mild. The small elevation in the pain burden in neuraxial group does not seem to be clinically relevant and should not influence women's choice to receive labor analgesia

Pain-related outcomes during the first 5 days postpartum.

Pain-related outcomes during the first 5 days postpartum.</p

Effect of labor analgesia on NRS-AUC_5days in the highest 20 percentile adjusting for relevant confounders.

Effect of labor analgesia on NRS-AUC5days in the highest 20 percentile adjusting for relevant confounders.</p

Baseline characteristics.

BackgroundFew data are available on the intensity of pain that women experience during the first five days after vaginal childbirth. Moreover, it is unknown if the use of neuraxial labor analgesia has any impact on the level of postpartum pain.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study based on chart review of all women who delivered vaginally at an urban teaching hospital between April 2017 and April 2019. The primary outcome was the area under the curve of pain score on numeric rating scale (NRS) documented in electronic medical records for five days postpartum (NRS-AUC5days). Secondary outcomes included peak NRS score, doses of oral and intravenous analgesics consumed during the first five days postpartum, and relevant obstetric outcomes. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the use of neuraxial labor analgesia and pain-related outcomes adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsDuring the study period, 778 women (38.6%) underwent vaginal delivery with neuraxial analgesia and 1240 women (61.4%) delivered without neuraxial analgesia. Median (Interquartile range) of NRS-AUC5days was 0.17 (0.12–0.24) among women who received neuraxial analgesia and 0.13 (0.08–0.19) among women who did not (p5days in the highest 20 percentile (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–2.65), having peak NRS ≥ 4 (aOR 1.54; 95% CI 1.25–1.91) and developing hemorrhoids during the postpartum hospitalization (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.41–3.21) after adjusting for relevant confounders.ConclusionAlthough women who used neuraxial labor analgesia had slightly higher pain scores and increased analgesic requirement during postpartum hospitalization, pain after vaginal childbirth was overall mild. The small elevation in the pain burden in neuraxial group does not seem to be clinically relevant and should not influence women’s choice to receive labor analgesia.</div

Obstetrical outcomes and maternal complications.

BackgroundFew data are available on the intensity of pain that women experience during the first five days after vaginal childbirth. Moreover, it is unknown if the use of neuraxial labor analgesia has any impact on the level of postpartum pain.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study based on chart review of all women who delivered vaginally at an urban teaching hospital between April 2017 and April 2019. The primary outcome was the area under the curve of pain score on numeric rating scale (NRS) documented in electronic medical records for five days postpartum (NRS-AUC5days). Secondary outcomes included peak NRS score, doses of oral and intravenous analgesics consumed during the first five days postpartum, and relevant obstetric outcomes. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the use of neuraxial labor analgesia and pain-related outcomes adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsDuring the study period, 778 women (38.6%) underwent vaginal delivery with neuraxial analgesia and 1240 women (61.4%) delivered without neuraxial analgesia. Median (Interquartile range) of NRS-AUC5days was 0.17 (0.12–0.24) among women who received neuraxial analgesia and 0.13 (0.08–0.19) among women who did not (p5days in the highest 20 percentile (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–2.65), having peak NRS ≥ 4 (aOR 1.54; 95% CI 1.25–1.91) and developing hemorrhoids during the postpartum hospitalization (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.41–3.21) after adjusting for relevant confounders.ConclusionAlthough women who used neuraxial labor analgesia had slightly higher pain scores and increased analgesic requirement during postpartum hospitalization, pain after vaginal childbirth was overall mild. The small elevation in the pain burden in neuraxial group does not seem to be clinically relevant and should not influence women’s choice to receive labor analgesia.</div