12 research outputs found
Correlation and Network Topologies in Global and Local Stock Indices
This study examined how the correlation and network structure of 30 global
indices and 145 local Korean indices belonging to the KOSPI 200 have changed
during the 13-year period, 2000-2012. The correlations among the indices were
calculated. The results showed that although the average correlations of the
global indices increased with time, the local indices showed a decreasing trend
except for drastic changes during crises. The average correlation of the local
indices exceeded the global indices during the crises from 2000-2002, implying
a strong correlation structure among the local indices during this period due
to the detrimental effect of the dot-com bubble. The threshold networks (TN)
were constructed in the observation time window by assigning a threshold value
and determining the network topologies. A significant change in the network
topologies was observed due to the financial crises in both markets. The
Jaccard similarities were also determined using the common links of TNs. The
TNs of the financial network were not consistent with the evolution of the
time, and the successive TNs of the global indices were more similar than those
of the successive local indices. Finally, the Jaccard similarities identified
the change in the market state due to a crisis in both markets.Comment: 11 pages,4 figure
Investigation of the Financial Stability of S&P 500 Using Realized Volatility and Stock Returns Distribution
In this work, the financial data of 377 stocks of Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P 500) from the years 1998–2012 with a 250-day time window were investigated by measuring realized stock returns and realized volatility. We examined the normal distribution and frequency distribution for both daily stock returns and volatility. We also determined the beta-coefficient and correlation among the stocks for 15 years and found that, during the crisis period, the beta-coefficient between the market index and stock’s prices and correlation among stock’s prices increased remarkably and decreased during the non-crisis period. We compared the stock volatility and stock returns for specific time periods i.e., non-crisis, before crisis and during crisis year in detail and found that the distribution behaviors of stock return prices has a better long-term effect that allows predictions of near-future market behavior than realized volatility of stock returns. Our detailed statistical analysis provides a valuable guideline for both researchers and market participants because it provides a significantly clearer comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of the two methods
Modular Structures of Trade Flow Networks in International Commodities
We explore the evolution of modular structure within the International Trade Network (ITN) for eight commodities, employing the Louvain module optimization method. The interactions among countries in the realm of trade are shaped by various factors, including economic conditions and geographical proximity. These countries are often categorized into continental groups, a classification that frequently persists even after the detecting process of modules. Nonetheless, African countries display a penchant for shifting among different modules over time. Observations of module trends unveil the increase in regional trade up until 2005, followed by plateaus marked with interruptions during significant crises, such as the 2012–2014 EU recession and the 2018 trade war. Notably, the 2018 trade war witnessed a sharp upsurge in module, attributed to robust alliances between major players like China and the USA. These modular dynamics are not uniform across different commodities; they exhibit varying degrees of module and distinct responses during times of crisis, with human-made goods displaying heightened sensitivity. Core nations, such as the USA, Germany, China, and Japan, exert significant influence over the commodities and often demonstrate a cohesive approach when navigating through crises. The analysis of modular dynamics provides valuable insights into global trade trends, fostering sustainability in trade practices, and comprehending the impacts of crises on various commodities
Identification of Comorbidities, Genomic Associations, and Molecular Mechanisms for COVID-19 Using Bioinformatics Approaches
Several studies have been done to identify comorbidities of COVID-19. In this work, we developed an analytical bioinformatics framework to reveal COVID-19 comorbidities, their genomic associations, and molecular mechanisms accomplishing transcriptomic analyses of the RNA-seq datasets provided by the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, where normal and infected tissues were evaluated. Using the framework, we identified 27 COVID-19 correlated diseases out of 7,092 collected diseases. Analyzing clinical and epidemiological research, we noticed that our identified 27 diseases are associated with COVID-19, where hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and lung cancer are observed several times in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we selected the above four diseases and performed assorted analyses to demonstrate the association between COVID-19 and hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and lung cancer as comorbidities. We investigated genomic associations with the cross-comparative analysis and Jaccard’s similarity index, identifying shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and linking DEGs of COVID-19 and the comorbidities, in which we identified hypertension as the most associated illness. We also revealed molecular mechanisms by identifying statistically significant ten pathways and ten ontologies. Moreover, to understand cellular physiology, we did protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses among the comorbidities and COVID-19. We also used the degree centrality method and identified ten biomarker hub proteins (IL1B, CXCL8, FN1, MMP9, CXCL10, IL1A, IRF7, VWF, CXCL9, and ISG15) that associate COVID-19 with the comorbidities. Finally, we validated our findings by searching the published literature. Thus, our analytical approach elicited interconnections between COVID-19 and the aforementioned comorbidities in terms of remarkable DEGs, pathways, ontologies, PPI, and biomarker hub proteins