Corporate and public governances in transition: the limits of property rights and the significance of legal institutions

Post-socialist transition raises crucial issues about the institutional setting of a market economy. The priority has been given to property rights, and privatization has been advocated as a means to depoliticize economic activities. The dismissal of external interventions, allied with the attraction to the American model and Hayekian ideas, often led to the introduction of minimal laws and wait for their evolutionary development. The failure of corporate and public governance, notably in Russia, helps to show why, on the contrary, democratically established legal rules are essential. Legislation should not only protect corporate shareholders and stakeholders, but more fundamentally all citizens against predatory collusive behavior of political, economic and criminal elitestransition; institutions; property rights; privatization; depoliticization; corruption; governance; law

Firms' Heterogeneity in Transition: Evidence from a Polish Data Set

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/39437/3/wp47.pd

Perseveration related to frontal lesion in mice using the olfactory H-maze

International audienceThe delayed reaction paradigm, consisting to discover two different rules consecutively (delayed alternation and non-alternation task) followed by a delayed reversal task, is a specific marker for the functioning of primate prefrontal cortex. Although several works in rodents report the use of operant delayed alternation tasks, in none of the studies mice with lesion of the prefrontal cortex were used in this paradigm. In the current study, mouse experiments were conducted using a new, totally automated device, the olfactory H-maze. Here, we show that unilateral lesion of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in mice induced similar deficits to those observed after frontal lesions in monkeys and humans. These pronounced learning deficits seem to come from difficulty elaborating a new rule and the inability to inhibit the previous rule, characterized by perseveration after prefrontal cortex lesion. The present results demonstrate that this very simple experimental paradigm using the olfactory H-maze presents the advantage to be fast (one training session) and well suited to assess the frontal functions in mice. It should be useful for testing pharmacological or stem cell approaches in order to reduce organic damages or gain insight into the cognitive functions of the frontal cortex using transgenic or gene-targeting mice. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Impact of selection for better utilization of 100 % plant-based diet on disease resistance in rainbow trout

Impact of selection for better utilization of 100 % plant-based diet on disease resistance in rainbow trout. Aquaculture Europe 201

Résistance aux maladies chez la truite arc-en-ciel: effets d'une meilleure aptitude à utiliser les matières premières d'origine végétale

Résistance aux maladies chez la truite arc-en-ciel: effets d'une meilleure aptitude à utiliser les matières premières d'origine végétale. 5. Journées de la Recherche Filière Piscicol

First Evidence of Realized Selection Response on Fillet Yield in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, Using Sib Selection or Based on Correlated Ultrasound Measurements

Fillet yield, the proportion of edible fillet relative to body weight, is a major trait to improve in fish sold processed, as it has a direct impact on profitability and can simultaneously decrease the environmental impact of producing a given amount of fillet. However, it is difficult to improve by selective breeding, because it cannot be measured on live breeding candidates, its phenotypic variation is low, and, as a ratio, it is not normally distributed and a same change in fillet yield can be the result of different changes in fillet weight and body weight. Residual headless gutted carcass weight (rHGCW) is heritable and highly genetically correlated to Fillet% in rainbow trout, and can be predicted by the ratio of abdominal wall thickness to depth of the peritoneal cavity (E8/E23), measured on live fish by ultrasound tomography. We selected broodstock based on rHGCW, measured on sibs of the selection candidates, on ultrasound measurements (E8/E23) measured on the selection candidates, or a combination of both. Seven broodstock groups were selected: fish with 15% highest (rHGCW+) or lowest (rHGCW−) EBV for rHGCW, with 15% highest (E8/E23+) or lowest (E8/E23−) EBV for E8/E23, with both rHGCW+ and E8/E23+ (Both+) or rHGCW− and E8/E23− (Both−), or with close to zero EBVs for both traits (Mid). Seven corresponding groups of offspring were produced and reared communally. At harvest size (1.5 kg mean weight), 1,561 trout were slaughtered, measured for the traits of interest, and pedigreed with DNA fingerprinting. Offspring from groups Both+, rHGCW+ and E8/E23+ had a higher EBV for rHGCW than the control group, while down-selected groups had a lower EBV. Looking at the phenotypic mean for Fillet% (correlated response), up-selected fish had more fillet than down-selected fish. The highest difference was between Both+ (69.36%) and Both− (68.20%), a 1.16% units difference in fillet percentage. The change in Fillet% was explained by an opposite change in Viscera%, while Head% remained stable. Selection using sib information on rHGCW was on average more efficient than selection using the candidates’ own E8/E23 phenotypes, and downward selection (decreasing Fillet%) was more efficient than upward selection

Transformations economiques en Europe de l'Est Privatisation, restructuration, reforme financiere, conditions de vie et repartition des revenus des menages

Available at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 13497 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Ownership and theories of the firm : some missing links revealed by privatization in transition economies

SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 15969 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc