whu-nercms at trecvid2021:instance search task

We will make a brief introduction of the experimental methods and results of the WHU-NERCMS in the TRECVID2021 in the paper. This year we participate in the automatic and interactive tasks of Instance Search (INS). For the automatic task, the retrieval target is divided into two parts, person retrieval, and action retrieval. We adopt a two-stage method including face detection and face recognition for person retrieval and two kinds of action detection methods consisting of three frame-based human-object interaction detection methods and two video-based general action detection methods for action retrieval. After that, the person retrieval results and action retrieval results are fused to initialize the result ranking lists. In addition, we make attempts to use complementary methods to further improve search performance. For interactive tasks, we test two different interaction strategies on the fusion results. We submit 4 runs for automatic and interactive tasks respectively. The introduction of each run is shown in Table 1. The official evaluations show that the proposed strategies rank 1st in both automatic and interactive tracks.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Social-emotional functioning explains the effects of physical activity on academic performance among Chinese primary school students: a mediation analysis

Objective: To examine the mediating effects of socioemotional and behavioral functioning in the association between physical activity and academic achievement in Chinese children. Study design: Chinese children (n = 17 318; aged 6-11 years) from the Shanghai Children's Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation study in 2014 were the source of data. Children reported the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities (MVPA) during weekdays and weekends. Parents rated their children's socioemotional and behavioral difficulties. Head teachers rated the academic performance of each student. A mediation analysis with multiple mediators was performed to test the mediation effects of 5 socioemotional and behavioral variables (emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity and inattention, peer relationship, and prosocial behaviors) in the association between MVPA and academic achievement, adjusting for demographic and health-related variables. Results: Results revealed that MVPA was positively associated with academic performance (b = 0.78; SE = .01; P < .001). Conduct problems, hyperactivity and inattention, and peer problems showed significant mediating effects in the association between MVPA and academic achievement, with hyperactivity and inattention being the strongest mediator (b = 0.38; SE = 0.04; P < .001) accounting for 49% of the total effect. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that MVPA is associated with fewer socioemotional difficulties, which, in turn, is associated with better academic achievement. Promoting physical activity among school-aged children may benefit their overall development

Epitaxial growth of Pt–Pd bimetallic heterostructures for the oxygen reduction reaction

It is of great importance to design highly active and stable electrocatalysts with low Pt loading to improve the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for fuel cells. Herein, we report an epitaxial growth of a Pt–Pd bimetallic heterostructure with a Pt loading as low as 8.02 ​wt%. Both experimental studies and theoretical calculations confirm that the heterointerfaces play a major role in charge redistribution, which accelerates electron transfer from Pd to Pt, contributing to downshifting the d-band center of Pd and consequently greatly weakening the O adsorption energy for a critical optimal adsorption configuration of O∗ on the heterointerface. In particular, the adsorbed O∗, an intermediate in a bridge mode between adjacent Pt and Pd atoms, has a relative low adsorption energy, which easily forms H2O to escape for releasing the active sites toward ORR. The Pt–Pd heterostructured catalyst presents the highest mass activity of 6.06 A·mg−1Pt among all reported Pt–Pd alloyed or composited catalysts, which is 26.4 times of the sample Pt/C (0.23 A·mg−1Pt). Further, the fuel cell assembled by the electrocatalyst shows a current density of 1.23 ​A·cm−2 at 0.6 ​V and good stability for over 100 ​h.Published versionWe gratefully acknowledge to the financial support from Chongqing Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Technologies of Clean Energies (No. JJNY201904) and Applied Basic Research Program of Qingdao (No. 18-2-2-5-jch)

Assembling molybdenum-doped platinum clusters into a coral-like nanostructure for highly enhanced oxygen reduction

Regulating the electronic and geometric structures of electrocatalysts is an effective strategy to boost their catalytic properties. Herein, a coral-like nanostructure is assembled with Mo-doped Pt clusters to form a highly active catalyst toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The advantages of a Mo-doped porous skeleton, grain boundaries, and MoOx species on the Pt cluster surfaces synergistically boost the electrocatalytic performance. This unique architecture delivers 3.5- and 2.8-fold higher mass and specific activities, respectively, than commercial Pt/C. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Mo-doped Pt clusters have an optimized Pt–O bond length of 2.110 ​Å, which weakens the adsorption energy of the intermediate O∗ to yield great ORR activity. Moreover, the catalyst shows a decay in the half-wave potential of only 8 ​mV after 10,000 cycles of accelerated durability testing. The high stability arises from the increased dissociation energy of Pt atoms and the stable architecture of the coral-like structure of clusters

The correlation between clinical outcomes and genomic analysis with high risk factors for the progression of osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Despite previous reports, molecular characterization of this disease is not well understood, and little is known regarding OS in Chinese patients. Herein, we analyzed the genomic signatures of 73 Chinese OS cases. TP53, NCOR1, LRP1B, ATRX, RB1, and TFE3 were the most frequently mutated gene in our OS cohort. In addition, the genomic analysis of Western OS patients was performed. Notably, there were remarkable disparities in mutational landscape, base substitution pattern, and tumor mutational burden between the Chinese and Western OS cohorts. Specific molecular mechanisms, including DNA damage repair (DDR) gene mutations, copy number variation (CNV) presence, aneuploidy, and intratumoral heterogeneity, were associated with disease progression. Additionally, 30.1% of OS patients carried clinically actionable alterations, which were mainly enriched in PI3K, MAPK, DDR, and RTK signaling pathways. A specific molecular subtype incorporating DDR alterations and CNVs was significantly correlated with distant metastasis‐free survival and event‐free survival, and this correlation was observed in all subgroups with different characteristics. These findings comprehensively elucidated the genomic profile and revealed novel prognostic factors in OS, which would contribute to understanding this disease and promoting precision medicine of this population