7,095 research outputs found
Hankel determinants, Pad\'e approximations, and irrationality exponents
The irrationality exponent of an irrational number , which measures the
approximation rate of by rationals, is in general extremely difficult to
compute explicitly, unless we know the continued fraction expansion of .
Results obtained so far are rather fragmentary, and often treated case by case.
In this work, we shall unify all the known results on the subject by showing
that the irrationality exponents of large classes of automatic numbers and
Mahler numbers (which are transcendental) are exactly equal to . Our classes
contain the Thue--Morse--Mahler numbers, the sum of the reciprocals of the
Fermat numbers, the regular paperfolding numbers, which have been previously
considered respectively by Bugeaud, Coons, and Guo, Wu and Wen, but also new
classes such as the Stern numbers and so on. Among other ingredients, our
proofs use results on Hankel determinants obtained recently by Han.Comment: International Mathematics Research Notices 201
Multi-Modal Multi-Scale Deep Learning for Large-Scale Image Annotation
Image annotation aims to annotate a given image with a variable number of
class labels corresponding to diverse visual concepts. In this paper, we
address two main issues in large-scale image annotation: 1) how to learn a rich
feature representation suitable for predicting a diverse set of visual concepts
ranging from object, scene to abstract concept; 2) how to annotate an image
with the optimal number of class labels. To address the first issue, we propose
a novel multi-scale deep model for extracting rich and discriminative features
capable of representing a wide range of visual concepts. Specifically, a novel
two-branch deep neural network architecture is proposed which comprises a very
deep main network branch and a companion feature fusion network branch designed
for fusing the multi-scale features computed from the main branch. The deep
model is also made multi-modal by taking noisy user-provided tags as model
input to complement the image input. For tackling the second issue, we
introduce a label quantity prediction auxiliary task to the main label
prediction task to explicitly estimate the optimal label number for a given
image. Extensive experiments are carried out on two large-scale image
annotation benchmark datasets and the results show that our method
significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art.Comment: Submited to IEEE TI
Massive Dirac fermions and spin physics in an ultrathin film of topological insulator
We study transport and optical properties of the surface states which lie in
the bulk energy gap of a thin-film topological insulator. When the film
thickness is comparable with the surface state decay length into the bulk, the
tunneling between the top and bottom surfaces opens an energy gap and form two
degenerate massive Dirac hyperbolas. Spin dependent physics emerges in the
surface bands which are vastly different from the bulk behavior. These include
the surface spin Hall effects, spin dependent orbital magnetic moment, and spin
dependent optical transition selection rule which allows optical spin
injection. We show a topological quantum phase transition where the Chern
number of the surface bands changes when varying the thickness of the thin
film.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Asymmetric superradiant scattering and abnormal mode amplification induced by atomic density distortion
The superradiant Rayleigh scattering using a pump laser incident along the
short axis of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a density distortion is studied,
where the distortion is formed by shocking the condensate utilizing the
residual magnetic force after the switching-off of the trapping potential. We
find that very small variation of the atomic density distribution would induce
remarkable asymmetrically populated scattering modes by the matter-wave
superradiance with long time pulse. The optical field in the diluter region of
the atomic cloud is more greatly amplified, which is not an ordinary mode
amplification with the previous cognition. Our numerical simulations with the
density envelop distortion are consistent with the experimental results. This
supplies a useful method to reflect the geometric symmetries of the atomic
density profile by the superradiance scattering.Comment: 7pages,4 figures, Optical Express 21,(2013)1437
Quantum Hall Conductivity in a Landau Type Model with a Realistic Geometry
In this paper, we revisit some quantum mechanical aspects related to the
Quantum Hall Effect. We consider a Landau type model, paying a special
attention to the experimental and geometrical features of Quantum Hall
experiments. The resulting formalism is then used to compute explicitely the
Hall conductivity from a Kubo formula.Comment: LaTeX, 1 eps figur
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