Hungarian small and medium enterprises’ strategies and their effects on the economic performance

Abstract The impact of large company’s strategy on its performance constitutes an interesting subject for the strategic management research.  There is little attention given to the analysis of this relationship at the small and medium enterprise (SME) scale and even less studies published to examine it from a regional perspective. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the link between strategies and performance of SME’s. Data for the research were obtained primarily from a survey of SMEs conducted in Hungary. Results indicate that the different indicators of financial performance of SMEs are having a strong link with the firm’s strategy, while the firm regional location may have a limited influence, depending on financial indicators. The findings of this study might be useful to managers of Hungarian SMEs, while contributing to the SMEs field research

SIMPLE AND EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF COMBINED HERBICIDES IN THE WEED CONTROL OF SUNFLOWER CULTURE

For two years, 2010 and 2011, the SCDA Şimnic has made an experiment aimed toresearch the effectiveness of simple and combined herbicides against weeds in sunflower crop and production determination for tested combinations. For monocotile weeds and annual Dicota the following herbicides were used: acetochlor, pendimethalin, dimethenamid, metolachlor, oxadiargil; oxifluorfen; Pethoxamide; Fluazifop-P-butyl; quizalfop-tefuril, acetochlor + diclormid. The selectivity antramineice treatments with herbicides showed good results for antidicotiledoneice (oxifluarfen and oxadiargil). By applying herbicides during the sowing, the effectiveness against annual monocotile weeds (Echinochloa, Setaria) was of 93-98%. Combinations that showed the highest successrates were acetochlor and acetochlor + + oxifluarfen diclormid + oxadiargil

THE EFFECTS OF HERBICIDES WITHIN THE PRODUCTIVE ELEMENTS OF THE SUNFLOWER

During the period of 2010-2012, within the experimental field of SCDA Simnic, an experiment has been placed, in which multiple methods of weed control have been tested in order to improve the productivity of sunflower crops: without hoeing, manually hoed twice, mechanically hoed twice, manually hoed twice + mechanically hoed twice, acetochlor 900 g/l, dimethenamid 720 g/l, pentoxamid 600 g/l, s-metolachlor 960 g/l, acetochlor 900 g/l + oxiflurfen 480 g/l, fluazifop-p-butyl 150 g/l, fluorocloridan 230 g/l. The study of the herbicides’ effects upon the productivity elements has revealed that, when applying 900 g/l of acetochlor + 480 g/l oxiflurfen, the mass of 1000 grains is closer to the appliance of the crops that were manually hoed twice and then mechanically cropped twice. Most of the results of the applied herbicides had resulted in roughly the same amount of sunflower seeds : 26-27%. The lowest amount of sunflower oil resulted from applying herbicides upon the vegetation

STUDY REGARDING THE EFFICACY OF HERBICIDES AGAINST THE WEEDS OF THE SUNFLOWER CROPS OF SIMNIC LUVISOL

During the period of 2010-2012 inside the experimental field of SCDA Simnic an experiment has been organized, inside which multiple methods of weed control for the benefit of the sunflower crop have been tested : without hoeing, 2 manual hoeing, 2 mechanical hoeing, 2 mechanical hoeing + 2 manual hoeing, acetochlor 900 g/l , dimethenamid 720 g/l, pentoxamid 600 g/l, s-metolaclor 960 g/l , acetochlor 900 g/l +oxiflurfen 480 g/l, fluazifop-p-butyl 150 g/l, fluorocloridan 230 g/l. The sunflower seed production displayed more promissing results when the antigramineic herbicide (acetochlor) and the antidicotil herbicide (oxiflurfen) have been combined. It showed an average of 3050kg/ha for 3 years, 95% compared to the hoed variant.A loss of productivity has been found only for the variants which had herbicides applied postem only for monocot weeds (fluazifop-p-butyl) or only for dicot weeds (fluorochloridon). The productivity differences were of 983kg/ha and 1140kg/ha compared to the hoed variant

Hungarian Small and Medium Enterprises’ Strategies and their Effects on the Economic Performance

The impact of large company’s strategy on its performance constitutes an interesting subject for the strategic management research. There is little attention given to the analysis of this relationship at the small and medium enterprise (SME) scale and even less studies published to examine it from a regional perspective. The aim of this study is to empirically investigate the link between strategies and performance of SME’s. Data for the research were obtained primarily from a survey of SMEs conducted in Hungary. Results indicate that the different indicators of financial performance of SMEs are having a strong link with the firm’s strategy, while the firm regional location may have a limited influence, depending on financial indicators. The findings of this study might be useful to managers of Hungarian SMEs, while contributing to the SMEs field research

Synthesis of Non-Toxic Silica Particles Stabilized by Molecular Complex Oleic-Acid/Sodium Oleate

The present work is focused on the preparation of biocompatible silica particles from sodium silicate, stabilized by a vesicular system containing oleic acid (OLA) and its alkaline salt (OLANa). Silica nanoparticles were generated by the partial neutralization of oleic acid (OLA), with the sodium cation present in the aqueous solutions of sodium silicate. At the molar ratio OLA/Na+ = 2:1, the molar ratio (OLA/OLANa = 1:1) required to form vesicles, in which the carboxyl and carboxylate groups have equal concentrations, was achieved. In order to obtain hydrophobically modified silica particles, octadecyltriethoxysilane (ODTES) was added in a sodium silicate sol–gel mixture at different molar ratios. The interactions between the octadecyl groups from the modified silica and the oleyl chains from the OLA/OLANa stabilizing system were investigated via simultaneous thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (TG-DSC) analyses.A significant decrease in vaporization enthalpy and an increase in amount of ODTES were observed. Additionally, that the hydrophobic interaction between OLA and ODTES has a strong impact on the hybrids’ final morphology and on their textural characteristics was revealed. The highest hydrodynamic average diameter and the most negative ζ potential were recorded for the hybrid in which the ODTES/sodium silicate molar ratio was 1:5. The obtained mesoporous silica particles, stabilized by the OLA/OLANa vesicular system, may find application as carriers for hydrophobic bioactive molecules

MicroRNA Expression is Associated with Sepsis Disorders in Critically Ill Polytrauma Patients

A critically ill polytrauma patient is one of the most complex cases to be admitted to the intensive care unit, due to both the primary traumatic complications and the secondary post-traumatic interactions. From a molecular, genetic, and epigenetic point of view, numerous biochemical interactions are responsible for the deterioration of the clinical status of a patient, and increased mortality rates. From a molecular viewpoint, microRNAs are one of the most complex macromolecular systems due to the numerous modular reactions and interactions that they are involved in. Regarding the expression and activity of microRNAs in sepsis, their usefulness has reached new levels of significance. MicroRNAs can be used both as an early biomarker for sepsis, and as a therapeutic target because of their ability to block the complex reactions involved in the initiation, maintenance, and augmentation of the clinical status