287 research outputs found
New State Records of Immigrant Insects in the Hawaiian Islands for the Year 1999
Records are given for 43 species of insects and other small organisms not
previously reported to be established in Hawaii. These species were first collected and
identified during 1999 or earlier and are now believed to be established in the state.
Known information on the taxonomy and biology is provide
Tissue Microenvironments Define and Get Reinforced by Macrophage Phenotypes in Homeostasis or during Inflammation, Repair and Fibrosis
Current macrophage phenotype classifications are based on distinct in vitro culture conditions that do not adequately mirror complex tissue environments. In vivo monocyte progenitors populate all tissues for immune surveillance which supports the maintenance of homeostasis as well as regaining homeostasis after injury. Here we propose to classify macrophage phenotypes according to prototypical tissue environments, e.g. as they occur during homeostasis as well as during the different phases of (dermal) wound healing. In tissue necrosis and/or infection, damage- and/or pathogen-associated molecular patterns induce proinflammatory macrophages by Toll-like receptors or inflammasomes. Such classically activated macrophages contribute to further tissue inflammation and damage. Apoptotic cells and antiinflammatory cytokines dominate in postinflammatory tissues which induce macrophages to produce more antiinflammatory mediators. Similarly, tumor-associated macrophages also confer immunosuppression in tumor stroma. Insufficient parenchymal healing despite abundant growth factors pushes macrophages to gain a profibrotic phenotype and promote fibrocyte recruitment which both enforce tissue scarring. Ischemic scars are largely devoid of cytokines and growth factors so that fibrolytic macrophages that predominantly secrete proteases digest the excess extracellular matrix. Together, macrophages stabilize their surrounding tissue microenvironments by adapting different phenotypes as feed-forward mechanisms to maintain tissue homeostasis or regain it following injury. Furthermore, macrophage heterogeneity in healthy or injured tissues mirrors spatial and temporal differences in microenvironments during the various stages of tissue injury and repair. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Base
Improved Measurements of Branching Fractions for B->Kpi, pipi and KK Decays
We report improved measurements of branching fractions for ,
, and decays based on a data sample of 85.0
million pairs collected at the resonance with the
Belle detector at the KEKB storage ring. This data sample is almost
three times larger than the sample previously used. We observe clear signals
for , and decays and set upper limits on
decays. The results can be used to give model-dependent
constraints on the CKM angle , as well as limits on the hadronic
uncertainty in the time-dependent analysis of the angle .Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D Rapid
Communications. Several corrections were mad
Charmless Hadronic Two-Body B Meson Decays
We report the results of a study of two-body B meson decays to the complete
set of K pi, pi pi, and K K final states. The study is performed on a data
sample of 31.7 +/- 0.3 million B B-bar events recorded on the Upsilon(4S)
resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. We observe significant signals in
all K pi final states and in the pi+ pi- and pi+ pi0 final states. We set
limits on the pi0 pi0 and K K final states. A search is performed for
partial-rate asymmetries between conjugate states for flavor-specific final
states.Comment: Submitted to PR
Study of B meson decays to three-body charmless hadronic final states
We report results of a study of charmless B meson decays to three-body KPiPi,
KKPi and KKK final states. Measurements of branching fractions for B decays to
K+0Pi+Pi-, K+K+K-, K0K+K-, KsKsK+ and KsKsKs final states are presented. The
decays B0=>K0K+K-, B+=>KsKsK+ and B0=>KsKsKs are observed for the first time.
We also report evidence for B+=>K+K-Pi+ decay. For the three-body final states
K0K+K-, KsKsPi+, K+K+Pi- and K-Pi+Pi+ 90% confidence level upper limits are
reported. Finally, we discuss the possibility of using the three-body
B0=>KsK+K- decay for CP violation studies. The results are obtained with a 78
fb^-1 data sample collected at the Y(4S) resonance by the Belle detector
operating at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures. To be submitted to PR
Evidence of B0 --> rho0 pi0
We present the first evidence of the decay B0 --> rho0 pi0, using 140fb^-1 of
data collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB
asymmetric e+e- collider. We detect a signal with a significance of 3.5
standard deviations, and measure the branching fraction to be Br(B0 ->- rho0
pi0) = (5.1 +/- 1.6(stat) +/- 0.9(syst))*10^-6.Comment: RevTex4, 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.Let
Observation of the eta_c(2S) in exclusive B-->K KsK-pi+ decays
We report the observation of a narrow peak in the KsK-pi+ invariant mass
distribution in a sample of exclusive B-->K KsK-pi+ decays collected with the
Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider. The measured mass
of the peak is M=3654+-6(stat)+-8(syst) MeV/c^2 and we place a 90% confidence
level upper limit on the width of Gamma<55 MeV/c^2. The properties agree with
heavy-quark potential model expectations for the eta_c(2S), the n=2 singlet S
charmonium state.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letter
Observation of the decay B^0->D+D*-
We report the first observation of the decay B^0->D+-D*-+ with the Belle
detector at the KEKB e^+e^- collider operated at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. The
sum of branching fractions B(B^0->D+D*-)+B(B^0->D-D*+) is measured to be
(1.17+-0.26+0.22-0.25)x10^-3 using the full reconstruction method where both
charmed mesons from B^0 decays are reconstructed. A consistent value
((1.48+-0.38+0.28-0.31)x10^-3) is obtained using a partial reconstruction
technique that only uses the slow pion from the D*- ->bar D^0pi- decay and a
fully reconstructed D+ to reconstruct the B^0.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Observation of Cabibbo suppressed decays at Belle
Cabibbo-suppressed decays using a 10.4 fb data
sample accumulated at the resonance with the Belle detector at
the KEKB storage ring. The high-momentum particle identification
system of Belle is used to isolate signals for , ,
and from the decay processes which
have much larger branching fractions. We report ratios of Cabibbo-suppressed to
Cabibbo-favored branching fractions of: ; ; ; and
. The first error is statistical and the second is systematic.
These are the first reported observations of the , and
decay processes.Comment: LaTeX, 12 pages, 2 figure
- …