Characteristics of the study population, overall and by quartiles of percent density.

<p>Abbreviations: BMI  =  body mass index; OC  =  oral contraceptive; HRT  =  hormone replacement therapy. * In parous women only. † Percentage of women with missing values on age at menarche (9.2%), OC use (0.3%), age at first birth (10.5%) and breastfeeding (11.7%).</p

Age and multivariable adjusted means of mammographic density measures by physical activity.

*<p>Percent density and dense area were square-root transformed for analysis and the values shown are on a back-transformed scale. † In ever smokers only.</p><p>Model 1: adjusted for age at mammography</p><p>Model 2: adjusted for age at mammography, BMI, age at menarche, parity and age at first birth (nulliparous, 1 child age at first birth <25 years, 1 child age at first birth ≥25 years, 2 children age at first birth <25 years, 2 children age at first birth ≥25 years, ≥3 children age at first birth <25 years, ≥3 children age at first birth ≥25 years), age at menopause, OC use (never, ever), HRT use (never, former, current), smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (non-drinker, 0,1–4,9 g/day, 5.0–9.9 g/day, ≥10 g/day), and physical activity recent years (never, less than 1 hr per week, 1–2 hrs per week, >2 hrs per week).</p

Age and multivariable adjusted means of mammographic density measures by alcohol intake and smoking habits.

<p>Age and multivariable adjusted means of mammographic density measures by alcohol intake and smoking habits.</p

Multivariable adjusted means of mammographic density measures by alcohol intake, stratified by HRT use.

*<p>Percent density and dense area were square-root transformed for analysis and the values shown are on a back-transformed scale.</p><p>Model 1: adjusted for age at mammography.</p><p>Model 2: adjusted for age at mammography, BMI, age at menarche, parity and age at first birth (nulliparous, 1 child age at first birth <25 years, 1 child age at first birth ≥25 years, 2 children age at first birth <25 years , 2 children age at first birth ≥25 years, ≥3 children age at first birth <25 years, ≥3 children age at first birth ≥25 years), age at menopause, OC use (never, ever), HRT use (never, former, current), smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (nondrinker, 0,1–4,9 g/day, 5.0–9.9 g/day, ≥10 g/day), and physical activity recent years (never, less than 1 hr per week, 1–2 hrs per week, >2 hrs per week).</p

Comparison of factors associated with LUTS.

<p>Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IPSS, international prostate symptom score; LUTS, lower urinary tract voding symptoms; OR, odds ratio.</p><p>Comparison of factors associated with LUTS.</p

Multivariable analysis of factors associated with age-specific median PSA level.

<p>*Multivariate model inlcudes ethnicity, weight and prostate volume.</p>†<p>Weight (kg) considered as continuous variable within the multivariate model.</p><p>Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.</p

Multivariate analysis of factors associated with post micturition, voiding and storage symptoms.

<p>^† Age (year), height (m) and weight (kg) considered as continuous variables within the multivariate model.</p><p>Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.</p><p>Multivariate analysis of factors associated with post micturition, voiding and storage symptoms.</p

Profile of storage, voiding and post micturition symptoms amongst various ethnicities.

<p>Venn diagram showing the distribution of urological symptoms in Malay (M), Chinese (C) and Indian (I) participants.</p

Comparison of factors associated with median PSA level.

†<p>Based on the study population, the age-specific median PSA level was defined as 0.69 ng/ml, 0.93 ng/ml, 1.21 ng/ml and 1.52 ng/ml for the age groups of 40–49 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years and 70–79 years, respectively. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; DRE, digital rectal examination; IPSS, international prostate symptom score; LUTS, lower urinary tract voding symptoms; OR, odds ratio; PC, prostate cancer.</p><p>*Percentage of subjects with missing values on height (0.5%), weight (0.4%), LUTS (2.9%), DRE (2.8%) and prostate volume (25.2%).</p

Patient, tumor characteristics and treatment along with the unadjusted Hazard Ratio for all cause mortality.

*<p>indicates valid proportions have been calculated (i.e., not considering unknown).</p