489 research outputs found
Interplay between electron-electron and electron-vibration interactions on the thermoelectric properties of molecular junctions
The linear thermoelectric properties of molecular junctions are theoretically
studied close to room temperature within a model including electron-electron
and electron-vibration interactions on the molecule. A nonequilibrium adiabatic
approach is generalized to include large Coulomb repulsion through a
self-consistent procedure and applied to the investigation of large molecules,
such as fullerenes, within the Coulomb blockade regime. The focus is on the
phonon thermal conductance which is quite sensitive to the effects of strong
electron-electron interactions within the intermediate electron-vibration
coupling regime. The electron-vibration interaction enhances the phonon and
electron thermal conductance, and it reduces the charge conductance and the
thermopower inducing a decrease of the thermoelectric figure of merit. For
realistic values of junction parameters, the peak values of the thermoelectric
figure of merit are still of the order of unity since the phonon thermal
conductance can be even smaller than the electron counterpart.Comment: 8 pages, 1 Appendix, 12 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text
overlap with arXiv:1406.377
Electron-vibration effects on the thermoelectric efficiency of molecular junctions
The thermoelectric properties of a molecular junction model, appropriate for
large molecules such as fullerenes, are studied within a non-equilibrium
adiabatic approach in the linear regime at room temperature. A self-consistent
calculation is implemented for electron and phonon thermal conductance showing
that both increase with the inclusion of the electron-vibration coupling.
Moreover, we show that the deviations from the Wiedemann-Franz law are
progressively reduced upon increasing the interaction between electronic and
vibrational degrees of freedom. Consequently, the junction thermoelectric
efficiency is substantially reduced by the electron-vibration coupling. Even
so, for realistic parameters values, the thermoelectric figure of merit can
still have peaks of the order of unity. Finally, in the off-resonant electronic
regime, our results are compared with those of an approach which is exact for
low molecular electron densities. We give evidence that in this case additional
quantum effects, not included in the first part of this work, do not affect
significantly the junction thermoelectric properties in any temperature regime.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, 2 Appendice
In-kind transfers and household food consumption
This paper examines the impact of wheat transfers and cash incomes on wheat consumption and wheat markets. Using propensity score- matching techniques, the total marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for wheat is, on average, 0.33, ranging from essentially zero for Food For Work (a program with large transfers) to 0.51 for Food For Education. Econometric estimates indicate that the MPC for small wheat transfers to poor households is approximately 0.25, while the MPC for wheat out of cash income is near zero. This increase in demand for wheat reduces the potential price effect of three major targeted programs involving small rations (Food For Education, Vulnerable Group Development, and Vulnerable Group Feeding) by about one-third.Transfer payments. ,Incomes. ,Wheat. ,Wheat Economic aspects Bangladesh. ,Food consumption. ,Cereal crops. ,Education. ,Labor. ,Access to education. ,
In-kind transfers and household food consumption
This paper examines the impact of wheat transfers and cash incomes on wheat consumption and wheat markets. Using propensity score- matching techniques, the total marginal propensity to consume (MPC) for wheat is, on average, 0.33, ranging from essentially zero for Food For Work (a program with large transfers) to 0.51 for Food For Education. Econometric estimates indicate that the MPC for small wheat transfers to poor households is approximately 0.25, while the MPC for wheat out of cash income is near zero. This increase in demand for wheat reduces the potential price effect of three major targeted programs involving small rations (Food For Education, Vulnerable Group Development, and Vulnerable Group Feeding) by about one-third.Transfer payments. ,Incomes. ,Wheat. ,Wheat Economic aspects Bangladesh. ,Food consumption. ,Cereal crops. ,Education. ,Labor. ,Access to education. ,
The 1998 floods in Bangladesh: disaster impacts, household coping strategies, and responses
This report combines a careful analysis of government policy and private foodgrain markets with a detailed survey of 757 households in rural Bangladesh in November and December 1998, about two months after the floodwaters receded. The report describes short- and medium-term government policy measures taken to encourage private trade, including an earlier trade liberalization that permitted private-sector imports of rice from India that stabilized private markets and largely offset the decline in production. The impact of the floods on household assets, employment, consumption, and nutritional outcomes is analyzed using the micro-level survey data. The study finds that flood-exposed households were, in general, able to avoid severe declines in food consumption and nutritional status through a combination of private-sector borrowing... and targeted government and NGO transfers.Food relief Bangladesh., Food supply Bangladesh., Disasters Asia., Households Bangladesh.,
Effect of ELF e.m. fields on metalloprotein redox-active sites
The peculiarity of the distribution and geometry of metallic ions in enzymes
pushed us to set the hypothesis that metallic ions in active-site act like tiny
antennas able to pick up very feeble e.m. signals. Enzymatic activity of Cu2+,
Zn2+ Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) and Fe2+ Xanthine Oxidase (XO) has been
studied, following in vitro generation and removal of free radicals. We
observed that Superoxide radicals generation by XO is increased by a weak field
having the Larmor frequency fL of Fe2+ while the SOD1 kinetics is sensibly
reduced by exposure to a weak field having the frequency fL of Cu2+ ion.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure
Orbital-dependent electron dynamics in Fe-pnictide superconductors
We report on orbital-dependent quasiparticle dynamics in EuFeAs, a
parent compound of Fe-based superconductors and a novel way to experimentally
identify this behavior, using time- and angle-resolved photoelectron
spectroscopy across the spin density wave transition. We observe two different
relaxation time scales for photo-excited d/d and d
electrons. While d/d electrons relax faster through the
electron-electron scattering channel, showing an itinerant character, d
electrons form a quasi-equilibrium state with the lattice due to their
localized character, and the state decays slowly. Our findings suggest that
electron correlation in Fe-pnictides is an important property, which should be
taken into careful account when describing the electronic properties of both
parent and electron-doped compounds, and therefore establish a strong
connection with cuprates
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