Systematic Literature Review: Pengaruh Jenis Bahan dalam Formulasi Nanopartikel Sistem Penghantaran Insulin Rute Oral.

Diabetes merupakan penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan adanya hiperglikemia akibat gangguan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, atau keduanya. Semua pasien diabetes tipe 1 dan banyak pasien diabetes tipe 2 membutuhkan terapi insulin untuk mencapai kontrol glikemik yang baik. Selama ini insulin diberikan melalui rute injeksi subkutan karena dapat hancur oleh asam lambung ketika diberikan secara oral. Hingga saat ini banyak peneliti berusaha mengembangkan terapi insulin rute oral menggunakan berbagai strategi sistem penghantaran. Systematic literature review ini bertujuan untuk menjawab beberapa pertanyaan terkait pengaruh bahan yang digunakan terhadap peningkatan bioavailabilitas insulin oral serta jenis bahan terbaik apa yang dapat menghasilkan bioavailabilitas insulin oral terbaik. Penulis mencari artikel yang dipublikasikan mengenai pengembangan insulin rute oral. Parameter bioavailabilitas dinilai berdasarkan kadar insulin dalam plasma untuk nilai bioavailabilitas relatif, dan/atau kadar glukosa dalam plasma untuk nilai bioavailabilitas farmakologi. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis bahan berpengaruh terhadap bioavailabilitas insulin melalui sifatnya dalam membuka jalan bagi insulin melintasi berbagai hambatan dalam saluran pencernaan. Hingga saat ini, hasil terbaik dalam pengembangan insulin oral memperoleh bioavailabilitas insulin oral sebesar 73,10% yang dicapai dengan teknologi mesoporous silica nanoparticle yang dilapisi PMV [poly (methacrylic acidco-vinyl triethoxylsilane)]. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini yaitu perlu dilakukan uji lanjutan yakni uji in vivo untuk menilai formulasi insulin oral yang dapat menghasilkan bioavailabilitas terbaik

Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Strategies for Increasing Insulin Bioavailability in Oral Route Delivery Systems Based on Manufacturing Techniques and Materials Used

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. All patients with type 1 diabetes and many type 2 diabetes require insulin therapy to achieve reasonable glycemic control. During this time, insulin is given through the subcutaneous injection route because it can be destroyed by gastric acid when given orally. Until now, many studies have developed oral insulin therapy using various delivery system strategies. This systematic literature review aims to answer several questions about the effect of technique and material on increasing oral insulin bioavailability and the best technique and type of material that can produce the best oral insulin bioavailability. We searched for published articles regarding the development of oral route insulin. Bioavailability parameters were assessed based on plasma insulin levels for relative bioavailability values and/or plasma glucose levels for pharmacological bioavailability values. Conclusion: The manufacturing technique in the delivery system affects insulin stability in maintaining its conformation to provide a therapeutic effect. The type of substance affects insulin bioavailability through its properties in paving the way for insulin across various barriers in the digestive tract. To date, the best results in the development of oral insulin have obtained oral insulin bioavailability of 73.10% achieved by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) delivery system with layer-by-layer technique coated with [poly (methacrylic acid-co-vinyl triethoxylsilane)] (PMV)]. Keywords: bioavailability, diabetes, insulin, nanoparticles, oral delivery system

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development

This proceeding contains articles on the various ideas of the academic community presented at The 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable Development (ICCEESD 2022) organized by the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia on 7th-8th December 2022.  ICCEESD is a biannual forum for sharing, benchmarking, and discussing HEI’s activities in developing Education for Sustainable Development towards community engagement. Education for Sustainability as a teaching strategy for resolving community challenges through formal, informal, or non-formal education is expected to benefit from various community service best practices by academics, researchers, and students. The 3rd ICCEESD has “Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community Engagement” as its theme this year. It is expected that the 3rd ICCEESD will provide a forum for the presenters and participants to exchange best practices, policies, and conceptual implementation of Education for Sustainability towards better community engagement and explore ideas to address community needs.  Conference Title: 3rd International Conference on Community Engagement and Education for Sustainable DevelopmentConference Theme: Strengthening Education for Sustainability Towards Better Community EngagementConference Acronyms: ICCEESD 2022Conference Date: 7th-8th December 2022Conference Location: Grand Rohan Jogja Yogyakarta, IndonesiaConference Organizer: Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesi