The modified capsular arthroplasty for young patients with developmental dislocation of the hip.

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical results of the modified Codivilla-Hey Groves-Colonna capsular arthroplasty in the treatment of young patients with developmental dislocation of the hip. We retrospectively evaluated 90 patients (92 hips) who underwent the modified capsular arthroplasty from June 2012 to June 2021. Hips were evaluated using the modified hip Harris score (mHHS), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score and the 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12). The Tönnis osteoarthritis grade and the Severin classification system were used to assess the radiographic outcomes. The average age was 15.7 years (range: 8-26 years). The mean pre-operative mHHS, the WOMAC score and the iHOT-12 score were 83.03, 14.05 and 52.79, respectively. The patients were followed for a mean of 41.1 months (range: 12.1-120.9 months). The patients had a mean mHHS of 83.61 (range: 31.2-97), a WOMAC score of 16.41 (range: 0-51) and an iHOT-12 score of 64.81 (range: 12.9-98.2) at the final follow-up. Capsular thickness had a positive predication on the final functional outcomes. The excellent/good rate of radiological reduction was 79.3%. More than 60% of patients had no/slight osteoarthritis. A total of 54 hips (58.7%) had superior radiographic outcomes. The risk factors for inferior radiographic outcomes were capsular quality (odds ratio [OR]: 0.358, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.113-0.931) and capsular thickness (OR: 0.265, 95% CI: 0.134-0.525). Joint stiffness was the most common complication (14.1%). We confirmed the efficacy of this procedure in the treatment of developmental hip dislocation. Patients with poor capsular quality are not suitable for this procedure. With suitable selection according to indications, this procedure can restore the hip rotation center with a low incidence of femoral head necrosis or severe osteoarthritis

Low dark current high gain InAs quantum dot avalanche photodiodes monolithically grown on Si

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) on Si operating at optical communication wavelength band are crucial for the Si-based transceiver application. In this paper, we report the first O-band InAs quantum dot (QD) waveguide APDs monolithically grown on Si with a low dark current of 0.1 nA at unit gain and a responsivity of 0.234 A/W at 1.310 μm at unit gain (−5 V). In the linear gain mode, the APDs have a maximum gain of 198 and show a clear eye diagram up to 8 Gbit/s. These QD-based APDs enjoy the benefit of sharing the same epitaxial layers and processing flow as QD lasers, which could potentially facilitate the integration with laser sources on a Si platform

Fabrication of magnetic and photocatalytic polyamide fabric coated with Fe2O3 particles

Hematite (alpha-Fe₂O₃) particles are prepared and synchronously deposited on the surface of polyamide (PA) fabric using ferric sulfate as the precursor, sodium hydroxide as the precipitant, and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as the dispersant in a low temperature hydrothermal process. The Fe₂O₃ coated PA fabric is then modified with silane coupling agent Z-6040. The Fe₂O₃ coated PA fabric and remaining particles are systematically characterized by different techniques, such as small-spot micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), diffuse reflectance spectrum (DRS), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The properties of tensile, durable washing and photocatalytic activity are investigated. The experimental results show that Fe₂O₃ particles composed of nanoparticles having the average crystallite size of 37.8 nm are grafted onto PA fabric and enhanced by coupling agent via the C-Fe, O-Fe and Si-O-Fe bonds. It is found that, after treatments, the thermal stability of PA fabric hardly changes; the visible light absorption capability and magnetism are gained; and the tensile property decreases slightly. It is also confirmed that the Fe₂O₃ coated PA fabric can withstand the repeated washings up to 20 times and photodegrade the adsorbed methyl orange (MO) exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Therefore, the present method provides a new strategy for the production of durable magnetic fabric

Photocatalytic Properties of a Novel Keratin char-TiO2 Composite Films Made through the Calcination of Wool Keratin Coatings Containing TiO2 Precursors

In this study, the photocatalytic properties of novel keratin char-TiO2 composite films, made through the calcination of wool keratin coatings containing TiO2 precursors at 400 °C, were investigated for the photodegradation of organic contaminants under visible light irradiation. Its structural characteristics and photocatalytic performance were systematically examined. It was shown that a self-cleaning hydrophobic keratin char-TiO2 composite film containing meso- and micro-pores was formed after the keratin—TiO2 precursors coating was calcined. In comparison with calcinated TiO2 films, the keratin char-TiO2 composite films doped with the elements of C, N, and S from keratins resulted in decreased crystallinity and a larger water contact angle. The bandgap of the char-TiO2 composite films increased slightly from 3.26 to 3.32 eV, and its separation of photogenerated charge carriers was inhibited to a certain degree. However, it exhibited higher photodegradation efficiency to methyl blue (MB) effluents than the pure calcinated TiO2 films. This was mainly because of its special porous structure, large water contact angle, and high adsorption energy towards organic pollutants, confirmed by the density functional theory calculations. The main active species were 1O2 radicals in the MB photodegradation process

Can we determine anterior hip coverage from pelvic anteroposterior radiographs? A study of patients with hip dysplasia

Abstract Purpose Insufficient coverage causes hip joint instability and results in hip pain. Anterior hip coverage can be determined on both pelvic anteroposterior (AP) radiographs and false profile (FP) radiographs. Four parameters are commonly used to determine the anterior coverage on pelvic AP radiographs: the crossover index, crossover sign, anterior wall index (AWI), and rule of thirds. This study aims to clarify the relationship between these 4 parameters on AP radiographs and the anterior center edge angle (ACEA) on FP radiographs. Methods In this study, 53 patients who underwent periacetabular osteotomy for hip dysplasia at our center between July 2020 and October 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Four parameters on AP radiographs and the ACEA on FP radiographs before surgery and 6 months after surgery were measured and compared for each hip. Results Upon examining the 53 hips in this study, there was no correlation between either the crossover index and the ACEA (P = 0.66) or the crossover sign before surgery. The postoperative correlation between the crossover index and the ACEA was weak (r = 0.36, P = 0.007), and that between the crossover sign and the ACEA was moderate (r = 0.41, P = 0.003). There was a weak correlation between the AWI and ACEA both before (r = 0.288, P = 0.036) and after (r = 0.349, P = 0.011) the operation. Evaluation of the anterior coverage by the rule of thirds was also not consistent when determining the anterior coverage with the ACEA. Conclusion Anterior coverage on AP radiographs is largely inconsistent with ACEA on FP radiographs, especially before the surgery. It is recommended to take FP radiographs routinely for determining anterior hip coverage

Pore-scale investigation on methane hydrate formation and plugging under gas–water flow conditions in a micromodel

Hydrate formation in the pores of porous media is known to decrease reservoir permeability. Current research on hydrate formation in porous media primarily focuses on the static state. In this study, the formation and plugging of methane hydrate under gas–water flow conditions in a visible heterogeneous micromodel were investigated. The experimental results show that the hydrates formed in the pores tended to deposit in situ, and the intersection of different pore channels is critical for hydrate plugging in the micromodel. The higher the pressure in the pore channels, the higher the risk of hydrate formation and plugging. Meanwhile, the hydrate fraction in the pore channels was quantitatively analyzed to describe the hydrate formation and plugging behaviors, which are affected by the hydrate formation and dissolution processes. Based on the experimental results, the formation mechanism of hydrate plugging in microporous channels was proposed, which primarily includes four stages: formation of a water film by the gas–water flow, formation of a hydrate thin shell at the gas–water interface, hydrate deposition in situ and growth, and formation of hydrate plugging. This study establishes the experimental foundation for hydrate plugging prediction models and prevention methods for porous media