Application of Behavioural Emotional Rating scale (BERS 2nd ed.) to Study Social and Emotional Behaviour of Students at Middle Level in District Mirpur Azad Jammu Kashmir

Social Emotional Learning (SEL) is an ‘Umbrella term’ which covers all the aspects of development of an individual and can increase positive attitude towards self and others, hence reduces negative thinking. Social Emotional Learning is necessary to provide awareness to develop five core competencies i. Self-Awareness, ii. Self-Management, iii. Relationship skills, iv. Social-Awareness, v. Responsible decision making in students, as it is prerequisite for learning process. It creates a stable person who knows, how to behave in certain circumstances. The objectives of the study were to analyze the self-management in students at Middle level, identify the factors associated with responsible decision making, to develop better relationship skills that associates confidence in children, to explore the social awareness rate, to examine the abilities of children self-awareness. This study was quantitative in nature as it was implementation of BERS Scale (2nd Ed.) which is accurate & valid scale to measure attitude & is based on 4-point Likert Scale. Data was collected through BERS Questionnaires which are authentic and comprises of 55 questions. Data was analyzed trough applying of statistical techniques. Results showed majority of the students said that they are stable which indicate that Education system in Mirpur (A.J.K) has been improved in the past few years due to teacher training programs and facilities provided to the students. The study recommended that Social Emotional learning is essential for students. It also suggested that students can be saved from getting into depression, anxiety, regression, aggression and other mental disorders trough proper parental care, eradication of poverty, teacher training, gifted & talented education (GATE) of teachers and turning of schools into homelike environment

The Smart Future; Innovations in Materials

With the advent and innovation in the fields of nanotechnology and biomedicine new and promising frontiers are being introduced regularly, these aim for improved efficiency and reliability by inculcating the use of smart materials and structures. Biomedical applications of smart materials include their use in tissue engineering, cell culture, biomimetic actuators etc. Smart materials have revolutionized many areas of dentistry including orthodontic wires, coils and springs. Cercon smart ceramics, Resin modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC), Smart composites. These offer natural esthetics coupled with excellent durability and biocompatibility. These innovations in material science have already marked the beginning of the smart future of dentistry. This review provides a selective summary of smart materials in dentistry

BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF MICROBES IN AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A REVIEW

Biotechnology is the most prominent and rapidly growing segment of the biological sciences that is making its diversified application in sustainable agriculture. Biofertilizers, biopesticides, bioherbicides, bioinsecticides, and many of the other fungal based and viral based insecticides, obtained using microorganisms, are some of the outcomes of biotechnology playing a key role in sustainable agriculture. Many of other important food products are also obtained by microbial fermentation. Different microbes are added to get the desired effect of food at the specific stages of food production process. Pharmaceutical microbiology includes the manufacturing of different pharmaceutical and medicinal products. This review article has a wide overview of microbes mainly used in agriculture, food industries, and pharmaceutical industries

Essentials of Healthcare Marketing

This is a systemic review to identify the essentials of health care marketing. The objective of this study is to critically analyze, assess, and document the literature [1,2,3] (Balogun and Ogunnaike, 2017; Awaand Eze, 2013) on elements of health care marketing, to establish its scope and to identify its gaps in various studies literature and to make further recommendations related to this field. Practitioners and researchers are slowly and gradually recognizing and identifying the importance of health care marketing for the growth of this industry. However, all have not yet embraced the methodical application of marketing theories. The data, which is available on diversity of service providers, different care services that are available and their comparative and respective impact on health care marketing have limitations

Spatial-Temporal Changes and Influencing Factors of Ecological Protection Levels in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

In recent years, ecological problems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have been frequent. Therefore, exploring its core influences can advance the implementation of “Ecological Protection and High-quality Development of the Yellow River Basin”. This paper constructs an indicator system based on PSR guidelines, evaluates the ecological protection level of 55 cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from 2009 to 2019, and uses correlation analysis with geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of influencing factors, such as intensity of fertilizer application, amount of agricultural film applied, afforestation area per capita, and green technology innovation level on the ecological protection level. It is found that the overall level of ecological protection has shown a steady increase, but the spatial distribution varies widely. The ecological level increased from 0.2218 to 0.3357, showing a decreasing distribution trend from coastal to inland. Furthermore, it is found that the ecological protection level has a significant positive spatial correlation, mainly for similar clustering. The Global Moran’s I for ecological protection level is greater than 0, and the Moran scatter plot has a high number of cities distributed in the first and third quadrants. There is a heterogeneity in the spatial and temporal distribution of factors influencing the level of ecological protection. Fertilizer application, the agricultural film uses, and afforestation area per capita are mainly negatively affected, while green innovation level has a strong positive effect, and agricultural film use, afforestation area per capita, and green innovation level become the core influencing factor of different regions. Therefore, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the ecological protection level should be improved by implementing a regional differentiated development strategy, realizing cross-regional linkages between cities and focusing on differences in core driving factors

Radiation protection in complex endovascular procedures

Endovascular procedures are becoming more complex and intricate as technology evolves. This is very favourable for patients, who can have mora advanced procedures performed with minimal morbidity and mortality. However these advances come at the cost of increased radiation dosage to the operating surgeon, interventionist and angiosuite team. We present a review article of the current problems facing the interventional team and of possible solutions

Vitamin D for the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of high-dose vitamin D in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. METHODS: A single intramuscular dose of 600 000 IU vitamin D was administered, and the effects on metabolic parameters and neuropathic pain assessed over 20 weeks. RESULTS: 143 participants with predominantly type 2 diabetes, aged 52.31±11.48 years, with a Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) score (3.0±1.8), total McGill pain score (21.2±14.9), and Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SFMPQ) score (2.1±0.9), were enrolled. The baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level was 31.7±23.3 ng/mL and 58 (40.5%) patients showed evidence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D<20 ng/mL). Intramuscular administration of vitamin D resulted in a significant increase in 25(OH)D (46.2±10.2 ng/mL, p<0.0001) and a reduction in positive symptoms on the DN4 (p<0.0001), total pain score (p<0.0001), and SFMPQ (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with a single intramuscular dose of 600 000 IU of vitamin D in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy is associated with a significant decrease in the symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: BIDE-12/2014

Synthesis of 2-Aminopyrimidine Derivatives and Their Evaluation as &beta;-Glucuronidase Inhibitors: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

Currently the discovery and development of potent &beta;-glucuronidase inhibitors is an active area of research due to the observation that increased activity of this enzyme is associated with many pathological conditions, such as colon cancer, renal diseases, and infections of the urinary tract. In this study, twenty-seven 2-aminopyrimidine derivatives 1&ndash;27 were synthesized by fusion of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine with a variety of amines in the presence of triethylamine without using any solvent and catalyst, in good to excellent yields. All synthesized compounds were characterized by EI-MS, HREI-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1&ndash;27 were then evaluated for their &beta;-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, and among them, compound 24 (IC50 = 2.8 &plusmn; 0.10 &micro;M) showed an activity much superior to standard D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone (IC50 = 45.75 &plusmn; 2.16 &micro;M). To predict the binding mode of the substrate and &beta;-glucuronidase, in silico study was performed. Conclusively, this study has identified a potent &beta;-glucuronidase inhibitor that deserves to be further studied for the development of pharmaceutical products

Exploring the impact of salicylic acid and farmyard manure on soil rhizospheric properties and cadmium stress alleviation in maize (Zea mays L.)

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a growing environmental problem that negatively impacts plant growth and development, particularly in maize. In this research, the impact of farmyard manure (FYM) and salicylic acid (SA) on rhizospheric characteristics and the reduction of Cd stress in maize was examined at Government College (GC) University, Lahore, in 2022. The experiment was arranged with a randomized design, including three replications of 12 treatments (T1 = Control; T2 = Farmyard manure; T3 = Salicylic Acid; T4 = 100 mg/kg of soil Cd; T5 = 200 mg/kg of soil Cd; T6 = Farmyard manure + Salicylic acid; T7 = FYM + 100 mg/kg soil Cd; T8 = FYM + 200 mg/kg soil Cd; T9 = SA + 100 mg/kg soil Cd; T10 = SA + 200 mg/kg soil Cd; T11 = FYM + SA + 100 mg/kg soil Cd; T12 = FYM + SA + 200 mg/kg soil Cd). Results demonstrated that Cd stress negatively affected the maize plant and soil properties, but the application of SA and FYM was effective to mitigate the Cd stress up to a certain level. A reduction of 41.52%, 39.14%, and 39.94% in root length, length of the leaf, and crop growth rate was noticed, due to the Cd stress at 200 mg/kg soil, but this reduction was reduced to 18.83%, 10.35%, and 12.26%, respectively, when FYM and salicylic acid were applied as a combined application under the same stress level of Cd. The root biomass, leaf surface area, and length were all improved by SA and FYM, which enhanced the plant’s capacity to absorb nutrients and improve growth under Cd stress. In conclusion, the use of salicylic acid together with farm manure can be an effective approach to mitigate Cd stress in maize crops

Nucleotide analysis and prevalence of Escherichia coli isolated from feces of some captive avian species

The aim of the study was to check the prevalence of Escherichia coli in some captive avian species, seasonal effect on the E.coli prevalence and analysis of nucleotide sequences of E.coli. A total of 132 samples, 33 from Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), 33 form Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), 33 from Budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulates) and 33 from Chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar) were collected from Conservation and Research Center, UVAS, Ravi Campus, Pattoki. Colony forming units was quantified for each sample. E. coli confirmation was done by biochemical and molecular characterization. 16S rRNA was amplified and sequenced. 16S rRNA sequence was submitted to NCBI under the accession number MN841017, MN841018 and MN841019.Descriptive statistics showed the mean ± SEM value for E. coli CFU/ml of fecal sample from Turkey 1.91 × 108 ± 4.4 × 107, for Pheasants, the mean ± SEM was 1.55 × 108 ± 5.2 × 107 CFU/ml of fecal sample. The mean ± SEM of the fecal sample for Budgerigars and Chukar were 2.12 × 108 ± 3.3 × 107 CFU/ml and 1.6 × 108 ± 4.5 × 107 CFU/ml respectively. Inferential statistics showed that regardless of the bird species, there was almost a similar frequency of E. coli CFU/ml of fecal sample (p = 0.74). However, the incidence of E. coli fluctuates significantly depending on the season in the case of turkey and pheasants, and the impact was statistically significant (p < 0.0005). E.coli was most prevalent in Turkey during rainy summer and in Pheasants during cool dry winter. These findings show that accidental or direct contact with feces of these captive birds have possible risk of gastric illness to humans and animals. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms driving the seasonality of this important zoonotic pathogen will allow for the execution of effective control strategies when it is most prevalent