Cloud computing and trust evaluation: A systematic literature review of the state-of-the-art mechanisms

Cloud computing is a model to enable the convenient access to the network request for sharing the groups of configurable calculating resources. In this environment, confidences are insufficient for the customers to identify the trustworthy cloud service providers. Therefore, in this system, an important challenge is assessing the trustworthiness to enable the users for choosing the trustworthy resources in the cloud infrastructure. However, in the cloud environments, despite the significance of the trust mechanisms and methods, the comprehensive and systematic research and study about the background of the trust evaluation methods between the cloud providers is rare. Hence, in this paper, we analyzed the trust evaluation state of the art mechanisms which are used in the cloud environment so far. Also, we analyzed and compared them in terms of integrity, security, reliability, dependability, safety, dynamicity, confidentiality, scalability, and giving a suggestion for some future research. Also, this article displays a systematic literature review (SLR) on the trust evaluation mechanisms in the cloud environments up to the end of March 2017. We identified 224 articles, which are reduced to 28 primary ones through our article selection process. By presenting the state-of-the-art information and the challenges issues, this survey will directly support academics, researchers, and professionals in their understanding of changes in the trust evaluation mechanisms in the cloud environments. Keywords: Trust, Cloud computing, Cloud service, Cloud provider, Systematic literature revie

An effective nano design of demultiplexer architecture based on coplanar quantum‐dot cellular automata

Abstract Quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) are prospective nanotechnology with striking performance to tackle the shortcomings of complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) transistor‐based technology such as fabrication dimensions and switching speed. The demultiplexer, as a crucial component for the design of many logic circuits, comprises a circuit for separating the multiplex data into the component data. The demultiplexer is highly utilised in the communication system for building serial data lines to parallel ones. So, its efficient schematisation has turned to an issue that has captured the concentration of the investigation group. Therefore, a novel structure of QCA‐based one to two demultiplexers is proposed, and it is employed to design one to four demultiplexers. QCAdesigner software, as a powerful layout and tool for simulation, is utilised for evaluating the validity and practicality of the proposed structures. The detailed evaluation of proposed layouts shows excellent performance than prior operations, and notable developments regarding the occupied area, cell count, and latency

A hybrid particle swarm optimization and hill climbing algorithm for task scheduling in the cloud environments

Task scheduling is one of the most important issues in heterogeneous environments when high efficiency is required. Because task scheduling is a Nondeterministic Polynomial (NP)-hard problem, many evolutionary algorithms have been adopted to solve this problem. Since the convergence speed of solutions in population-based algorithms is low, they are integrated with local search algorithms. Thus, in this paper, to optimize the task scheduling makespan, a hybrid particle swarm optimization and hill climbing algorithm is proposed. The experimental results on random and scientific Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) showed that the proposed algorithm performs effectively in terms of the makespan compared to the current well-known heuristic and particle swarm optimization algorithms. Keywords: Cloud computing, Directed acyclic graph, Hill climbing, PSO, Task schedulin

Intrusion detection for cloud computing using neural networks and artificial bee colony optimization algorithm

This paper proposes a new intrusion detection system (IDS) based on a combination of a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network, and artificial bee colony (ABC) and fuzzy clustering algorithms. Normal and abnormal network traffic packets are identified by the MLP, while the MLP training is done by the ABC algorithm through optimizing the values of linkage weights and biases. The CloudSim simulator and NSL-KDD dataset are used to verify the proposed method. Mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and the kappa statistic are considered as evaluation criteria. The obtained results have indicated the superiority of the proposed method in comparison with state-of-the-art methods. Keywords: Intrusion detection system, Cloud computing, Neural network, Artificial bee colony, Fuzzy clusterin

A New Nano-Scale and Energy-Optimized Reversible Digital Circuit Based on Quantum Technology

A nano-scale quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) is one of the most promising replacements for CMOS technology. Despite the potential advantages of this technology, QCA circuits are frequently plagued by numerous forms of manufacturing faults (such as a missing cell, extra cell, displacement cell, and rotated cell), making them prone to failure. As a result, in QCA technology, the design of reversible circuits has received much attention. Reversible circuits are resistant to many kinds of faults due to their inherent properties and have the possibility of data reversibility, which is important. Therefore, this research proposes a new reversible gate, followed by a new 3 x 3 reversible gate. The proposed structure does not need rotated cells and only uses one layer, increasing the design&amp;apos;s manufacturability. QCADesigner-E and the Euler method on coherence vector (w/energy) are employed to simulate the proposed structure. The 3 x 3 reversible circuit consists of 21 cells that take up just 0.046 mu m(2). Compared to the existing QCA-based single-layer reversible circuit, the proposed reversible circuit minimizes cell count, area, and delay. Furthermore, the energy consumption is studied, confirming the optimal energy consumption pattern in the proposed circuit. The proposed reversible 3 x 3 circuit dissipates average energy of 1.36 (eV) and overall energy of 1.49 (eV). Finally, the quantum cost for implementing the reversible circuits indicates a lower value than that of all the other examined circuits.Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-01-19 (sofila)</p