3D PED BURN app: A precise and easy-to-use pediatric 3D burn surface area calculation tool.

Background and aimsCalculating the precise total burn surface area is crucial when treating burn patients, particularly children. The Lund and Browder chart and Rule of Nines, 2-dimensional diagrams that are widely used, are subject to high interrater variance, and they can severely overestimate the burn area. Previously, the adult 3-dimensional burn area calculation mobile application was developed. Aiming to improve accuracy, a 3-dimensional pediatric burn surface area calculation mobile application ("3D PED BURN") was developed to overcome the limitations of the conventional methods.MethodFifteen 3-dimensional pediatric burn surface area models based on detailed anthropometric measurements collected from 85 patients were developed and categorized into four age groups: ResultA precise and easy-to-use application was developed based on these data. This application is a promising and more accurate calculation tool for burn surface area in pediatric patients. Its low inter-rater variance makes it reliable for use by various healthcare personnel.ConclusionThe 3D PED BURN app is a pediatric 3D burn surface area calculation tool that is both accurate and simple to use

Spermatogenesis Abnormalities following Hormonal Therapy in Transwomen

Objective. To measure spermatogenesis abnormalities in transwomen at the time of sex reassignment surgery (SRS) and to analyze the association between hormonal therapy duration and infertility severity. Design. Retrospective study. Setting. University hospital. Patients. One-hundred seventy-three transwomen who underwent SRS from January 2000 to December 2015. Interventions. All orchidectomy specimens were retrospectively reviewed and classified. History of hormonal therapy duration was retrieved from medical records. Main Outcome Measures. Histological examinations of orchidectomy specimens were performed to assess spermatogenesis. Results. One-hundred seventy-three orchidectomy specimens were evaluated. Histological examinations showed maturation arrest in 36.4%, hypospermatogenesis in 26%, Sertoli cell-only syndrome in 20.2%, normal spermatogenesis in 11%, and seminiferous tubule hyalinization in 6.4% of the specimens. Spermatogenesis abnormality severity was not associated with the total therapy duration (P=0.81) or patient age at the time of surgery (P=0.88). Testicular volumes and sizes were associated with spermatogenesis abnormality severity (P=0.001 and P=0.026, right testicle and left testicle, resp.). Conclusion(s). Feminizing hormonal treatment leads to reductions in testicular germ cell levels. All transwomen should be warned about this consequence, and gamete preservation should be offered before starting hormonal treatment