Sílabo de Computación Básica

Hoy en día la tecnología de información y comunicación, es usada como una herramienta en la enseñanza y en la gestión de las empresas. El alumno de la carrera de Contabilidad aprenderá un conjunto de herramientas tecnológicas y su interacción entre ellas mismas, que le será útil para realizar en un corto plazo trabajos más eficientes, rápidos y exactos. El curso le proporciona al alumno educación sobre tendencias en tecnologías de información y temas de actualidad, relacionándolo con su influencia en la contabilidad que le permitirá incrementar su cultura informática e incentivar sus habilidades de trabajo con software de gestión. Este curso servirá de base para computación Intermedia y para todos los demás cursos que requieran desarrollo de casos prácticos o de investigación con software y herramientas de gestión

Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter-0

Ost differentiation). The RNA was subjected to reverse transcription followed by quantitative PCR with mouse and EF1α specific primers. (B) Total RNA was isolated from C2C12 cells during myogenic differentiation (day 0 to day 3) and subjected to quantitative PCR. Expression level at day 0 was arbitrarily set at 1. Values are represented as means ± SE of at least three different experiments. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.05).<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2199/9/50</p><p>BMC Molecular Biology 2008;9():50-50.</p><p>Published online 19 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2408591.</p><p></p

Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter-4

Ng sites were incubated with whole cell protein extracts made from subconfluent C2C12 myoblasts. Competition experiments were performed using a 200-fold excess of unlabeled MyoD E-Box consensus probe. Arrow indicates the resulting bandshifts.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2199/9/50</p><p>BMC Molecular Biology 2008;9():50-50.</p><p>Published online 19 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2408591.</p><p></p

Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter-2

Romoter reporter construct spanning from -1585 relative to transcription start site and extending to nucleotide +60. Promoter fragment was cloned into the pGL3-Basic luciferase vector. Activity relative to pGL3-B alone was determined in each cell line 48 hours later, at which point the cells were still subconfluent. The relative activity of the promoter fragment (vs pGL3-B) in each cell line was then determined with relative activity in C2C12 assigned arbitrary value of one (B) Vectors (:0.3 μg, :0.6 μg) expressing Mef2D, myogenin and MyoD were co-transfected in combination with the prompter reporter construct (P-1585/+60) into C2C12 myoblasts as described in (A). Luciferase activity in cells transfected with pcDNA and promoter reporter (P-1585/+60) was arbitrarily set at 1 fold activation. (C) Subconfluent H9c2 myoblasts were transiently transfected with the MRF over-expression vectors (:0.5 μg, :1 μg). 48 hours post transfection, at which point the cells were 80% confluent, total RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed and the expression levels of TATA binding protein (TBP) and were determined by real time PCR. expression in each sample was normalised to that of TBP. Statistically significant differences are indicated by *P < 0.05.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2199/9/50</p><p>BMC Molecular Biology 2008;9():50-50.</p><p>Published online 19 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2408591.</p><p></p

Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter-3

Type and mutant E-Box sequences are represented in white and black ovals respectively. (B) The E-Box sequences 1,2 and 3 (E1, E2 and E3) contained within the wild type P-1585/+60 construct were subjected to site directed mutagenesis. The subsequent single, double and triple E-Box mutant constructs were transiently co-transfected with MyoD into subconfluent C2C12 myoblasts for luciferase assays that were harvested 48 hours later, when the cells were 80% confluent, Luciferase activity, representing promoter sensitivity to ectopic MyoD expression (fold activation vs pcDNA), was inhibited by approximately 50% in the single E1 mutant with the double E1/E2 mutant resulting in a 67% reduction in activity with respect to wild type promoter sensitivity. Triple E1/E2/E3 mutant maintained the same level of MyoD sensitivity compared to the double E1/E2 mutant. (C) The putative TATA box sequence was subjected to site directed mutagenesis and transiently expressed in C2C12 myoblasts as described above and assayed for luciferase activity. TATA mutation resulted in a 95% reduction in luciferase activity with respect to wild type P-1585/+60 construct. The results are expressed as mean ± SE of at least three different experiments, in triplicate for each construct. Statistically significant differences compared to the appropriate WT construct are indicated by *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.05.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Comparative analysis identifies MyoD binding sites within the Myocyte Stress 1 gene promoter"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2199/9/50</p><p>BMC Molecular Biology 2008;9():50-50.</p><p>Published online 19 May 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2408591.</p><p></p

Supplemental material for A preclinical ultrasound method for the assessment of vascular disease progression in murine models

<p>Supplemental material for A preclinical ultrasound method for the assessment of vascular disease progression in murine models by Justyna Janus, Baris Kanber, Wadhah Mahbuba, Charlotte Beynon, Kumar V Ramnarine, David G Lambert, Nilesh J Samani, Emma J Stringer and Michael E Kelly in Ultrasound</p

sj-vid-1-ult-10.1177_1742271X18793919 - Supplemental material for A preclinical ultrasound method for the assessment of vascular disease progression in murine models

<p>Supplemental material, sj-vid-1-ult-10.1177_1742271X18793919 for A preclinical ultrasound method for the assessment of vascular disease progression in murine models by Justyna Janus, Baris Kanber, Wadhah Mahbuba, Charlotte Beynon, Kumar V Ramnarine, David G Lambert, Nilesh J Samani, Emma J Stringer and Michael E Kelly in Ultrasound</p

Effects of calcium, magnesium, and potassium concentrations on ventricular repolarization in unselected individuals.

Background: Subclinical changes on the electrocardiogram are risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. Recognition and knowledge of electrolyte associations in cardiac electrophysiology are based on only in vitro models and observations in patients with severe medical conditions.Objectives: This study sought to investigate associations between serum electrolyte concentrations and changes in cardiac electrophysiology in the general population.Methods: Summary results collected from 153,014 individuals (54.4% women; mean age 55.1 ± 12.1 years) from 33 studies (of 5 ancestries) were meta-analyzed. Linear regression analyses examining associations between electrolyte concentrations (mmol/l of calcium, potassium, sodium, and magnesium), and electrocardiographic intervals (RR, QT, QRS, JT, and PR intervals) were performed. The study adjusted for potential confounders and also stratified by ancestry, sex, and use of antihypertensive drugs.Results: Lower calcium was associated with longer QT intervals (-11.5 ms; 99.75% confidence interval [CI]: -13.7 to -9.3) and JT duration, with sex-specific effects. In contrast, higher magnesium was associated with longer QT intervals (7.2 ms; 99.75% CI: 1.3 to 13.1) and JT. Lower potassium was associated with longer QT intervals (-2.8 ms; 99.75% CI: -3.5 to -2.0), JT, QRS, and PR durations, but all potassium associations were driven by use of antihypertensive drugs. No physiologically relevant associations were observed for sodium or RR intervals.Conclusions: The study identified physiologically relevant associations between electrolytes and electrocardiographic intervals in a large-scale analysis combining cohorts from different settings. The results provide insights for further cardiac electrophysiology research and could potentially influence clinical practice, especially the association between calcium and QT duration, by which calcium levels at the bottom 2% of the population distribution led to clinically relevant QT prolongation by >5 ms.</p