SPECTROSCOPIC AND GENERATION INVESTIGATION OF KZnF*003 CRYSTALS ACTIVATED BY CHROMIUM IONS

The work is devoted to the complex investigations of the optic and magnetic properties of the activation centres forming in the KZnF*003 crystals alloyed by the Cr*993*99+ ions and elucidation of the causes limiting their generation characteristics. The investigations of the KZnF*003:Cr crystals by the methods of EPR, optic spectroscopy and piezodichroism shown that in crystals four types of the Cr*993*99+ ion centres are formed - cubic, tetragonal, trigonal and monowedge symmetry. The dynamic variant of the Jan-Teller effect is realized in the excitated state *994T*002*00g of the Cr*993*99+ ions. The splitting of *994T*002*00g level in the centres of Cr*993*99+ ions of the trigonal symmetry in the KZnF*003 crystal and Cr*993*99+ ions in the LiCaAlF*006 crystal in the pseudocubic one. The absence of the trigonal component in the crystalline field is explained from a position of the Cham effect. The spectra of EPR and optic absorption of Cr*993*99+ ions have been discovered and identified firstly in the KZnF*003 crystal. From analysis of the EPR spectra it has been determined that the [CrF*006]*99-*994 cluster has been stretched along axle of the C*004 crystal. As a result of complex investigations of the KZnF*003:Cr*993*99+ crystals the fact of changing valency in the CR*993*99+ (Cr*993*99+ approaches Cr*992*99+) at growing crystals has been discovered, and it has been shown that the formation of Cr*992*99+ ions is the basic factor worsening the generation characteristics of KZnF*003:Cr*993*99+. At tube pumping the generation efficiency equal to 1,2% has been obtained on these crystals grown according to the optimized methods. The absorption lines in the pairs of Cr*993*99+ - Cr*992*99+ ions with dynamic migration of the electron from one chromium ion on other one have been discovered in the optic spectrum of KZnF*003:Cr*993*99+Cr*992*99+ crystals. Firstly the migration integral value of the e*00g-electron ( long bar t*00u*00u long bar =910 plus or minus 50 cm*99-*991) succeeded in evaluating according to the temperature relation in the integral intensity of the absorption linesAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Association of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) with polymorphous alleles of HLA-DR and DQ genes in two Russian populations of Moscow and Vologda regions

Aim. To consider association of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) with polymorphous alleles of HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1, and DQA1 genes in two Russian populations of Moscow (MP) and Vologda (VP) regions. Materials and methods. Identification of alleles of HLA-DRB1 HLA-DQB1, and DQA1 genes in 138 patients with type 1 diabetes and a random sample of 242 subjects from the local population (residents in at least three successive generations) of the Vologda region, 204 patients and a random sample of 300 subjects from the city of Moscow and Moscow region. Results. MP and VP exhibited identical predisposing alleles. The occurrence of DRB1*4 (RR=5.96 and 3.93 in MP and VP respectively), DRB1*17 (RR=4.33 and 4.23), DQA1*0301 (RR=5.70 and 3.66), DQB1*0201, (RR=2.06 and 1.77), DQB1* 0302 (RR=7.10 and 3.95), DQB1* 0304 (RR=8.94 and 19.98) alleles was significantly higher in DM1 patients. The following protective alleles were identified in MP and VP respectively: DRB1*7 (RR=0.37 and 0.18), DRB1*11 (RR=0.12 and 0.21), DRB1*13 (RR=0.09 and 0.26), DRB1*15 (RR=0.23 and 0.04), DQA1*0102 (RR=0.29 and 0.23), DQA1*0103 (RR=0.13 and 0.23), DQA1*0201 (RR=0.37 and 0.17), DQb1*0301 (RR=0.16 and 0.24), and DQB1*0602/8 (RR=0.10 and 0.13). Conclusion. ?New? associations unknown in other populations (e.g. DQB1*0304) were revealed, besides the majority of classical predisposing and protective alleles characteristic of European populations. DQB1*0304 proved the strongest predisposing allele in MP and especially in VP. These data suggest different contribution of predisposing alleles to the development of DM1 in individual populations

Association of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) with polymorphous alleles of class II HLA genes in Yakutian and Russian populations

Materials and methods. HLA genotyping was accomplished in 51 DM1 patients and 51 volunteers randomly selected from the indigenous populationof Yakutia (Yakuts in three successive generations). Another 205 DM1 patients and 300 healthy subjects comprised random samples of patients andcontrols respectively from residents of Moscow and Moscow region. Results. HLA DRB1*17(03) allele proved to be the strongest one predisposing to DM1 in the Yakutian population (relative risk, RR=8,47) andDQB1*0304 in the Moscow population (RR=8,94). The presence of DRB1*04, DRB1*17(03), DQA1*0301, DQB1*0201, and DQB1*0302 accountedfor RR >2 in both populations. Only two alleles, DRB1*04 and DRB17(03), in the Yakutian population and five of the six (DRB1*04,DRB1*17(03), DQA1*(0301), DQB1*0302, and DQB1*0304) in the Moscow one were closely associated with DM1 (RR >4). DRB1*09, DRB1*11,DQB1*13, DQB1*0602/8 in Yakutian and DRB1*11, DRB1*13, DQA1*0103, DQB1*0301, DQB1*0602/8 in Moscow populations had the highestprotective potential (R

Distinct organization of the candidate tumor suppressor gene RFP2 in human and mouse: multiple mRNA isoforms in both species- and human-specific antisense transcript RFP2OS

In the present study, we describe the human and mouse RFP2 gene structure, multiple RFP2 mRNA isoforms in the two species that have different 5′ UTRs and a human-specific antisense transcript RFP2OS. Since the human RFP2 5′ UTR is not conserved in mouse, these findings might indicate a different regulation of RFP2 in the two species. The predicted human and mouse RFP2 proteins are shown to contain a tripartite RING finger-B-box-coiled-coil domain (RBCC), also known as a TRIM domain, and therefore belong to a subgroup of RING finger proteins that are often involved in developmental and tumorigenic processes. Because homozygous deletions of chromosomal region 13q14.3 are found in a number of malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple myeloma (MM), we suggest that RFP2 might be involved in tumor development. This study provides necessary information for evaluation of the role of RFP2 in malignant transformation and other biological processes