Features of the structure of addictive identity in adolescence

© Authors. The relevance of the study of this problem is due to the lack of reliable information about the psychological mechanisms, phenomenology and psychological structure of addictive behavior of a personality in adolescence, which is the main cause of insufficient effectiveness for implementation of corrective measures. In this regard, this article aims to study addictive identity structure in the chemical (alcohol and drug) addiction both at the level of structural components of identity in adolescence and that of their structural organization. The leading methods of the problem study are the empirical methods of studying the structural components of addictive identity. The experiment involved 96 young men at the age of 18-24 years old. Of them 55 people are with alcohol dependence, 41 people with drug (opioid) addiction. The study found that addictive identity of young persons with chemical dependence (alcohol and drug) at the level of structural components is characterized by simple undifferentiated cognitive constructs meaningfully related to the object of addiction; flattened motivational profile, as well as a discrepancy at the level of the valuable component of identity. Identified in the study features allow to state that at the level of structural organization an addictive identity of young persons, both at alcohol and drug dependence, is characterized by disintegrated structural organization of identity. Clinical and psychological diagnosis of addictive identity structure with alcohol and drug addiction should be viewed as prognostic basis in the process of socio-psychological rehabilitation of young men with chemical addiction. The identified structural features of addictive identity serve as predictors in determining the risk groups by the given deviant status

Mathematical modeling of the growth of ellipsoidal crystals in metastable melts and solutions

The evolution of individual crystals of ellipsoidal shape in supercooled one-component and binary melts as well as in supersaturated solutions is studied theoretically. The crystal volume growth rate is derived using the prolate ellipsoidal coordinates. We show that this rate is a function of the current crystal volume and supercooling/supersaturation of the ambient liquid. Also, we demonstrate that the particle growth rate increases with increasing the volume of ellipsoidal crystals and supercooling. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-19-00008This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant no. 18-19-00008)

A complete analytical solution to the integro-differential model describing the nucleation and evolution of ellipsoidal particles

In this paper, a complete analytical solution to the integro-differential model describing the nucleation and growth of ellipsoidal crystals in a supersaturated solution is obtained. The asymptotic solution of the model equations is constructed using the saddle-point method to evaluate the Laplace-type integral. Numerical simulations carried out for physical parameters of real solutions show that the first four terms of the asymptotic series give a convergent solution. The developed theory was compared with the experimental data on desupersaturation kinetics in proteins. It is shown that the theory and experiments are in good agreement. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: FEUZ-2020-0057; Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 18-19-00008This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 18-19-00008).This article contains two parts: (i) a new theory of the growth of an ensemble of ellipsoidal crystals in a metastable liquid and (ii) a computational simulation of crystal growth based on the developed theory. Part (i) was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 18-19-00008), whereas part (ii) was made possible due to the financial support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project no. FEUZ-2020-0057)

The reciprocal organization of constructive activity in drug addiction

© 2016 Akhmetzyanova et al.The urgency of the problem stated in the article is caused by the fact that modern scientific studies show that sustainable neuro-associative connections with the object of addiction arise at chemical addiction. The aim of this study is to examine the features of the reciprocal organization of constructive activities in drug addiction. Study of the constructive activity of patients with drug addiction in comparison with the group in norm was carried out by using the experimental method. The study found a decrease of constructive activity in drug addiction by the characteristics of performance pace and accuracy, regulated by reciprocal and auditory-motor coordination, which, in turn, are also significantly reduced. Reciprocal organization in drug addiction is characterized by impaired proprioceptive kinesthetic afferentation of motor act at safety of outer space organization of movements, lack of differentiation and low handling of movements, movement program disorders, as well as the replacement of the right movements by motor patterns and stereotypes. The obtained results are experimental psychological argument for the need to introduce neuropsychological block in the system of psychotherapeutic impact, which includes the tasks aimed at increasing reciprocal organizations to improve the general level of constructive activity in order to create alternative to the stereotyped models of mental activity and patterns of behavior

Cultural Changes in Russia during the Coronavirus Crisis

The paper focuses on cultural changes in Russia during the coronavirus crisis. The analysis of data from the representative Russian national and Moscow regional surveys conducted in autumn 2018 and in summer 2020 revealed the following changes as the level of trust remained unchanged: a reduced planning horizon, a higher uncertainty avoidance, decreased values of autonomy and stimulation, and an increased value of security. The cultural changes identified are manifested both on average in the representative samples and for individual age groups. The cultural changes are more pronounced in the all-Russian sample than in the Moscow regional sample. In the context of different age groups, the greatest cultural changes are identified among people aged 18‑35, which may produce long-term effects of the coronavirus crisis on Russia’s economic development. Empirical analysis of data from the international surveys WVS, EVS, and ESS has shown that the cultural changes identified in Russia are only partially manifested in other countries, which determines the importance of studying country-specific cultural changes caused by external shocks. Promising areas of research include analysing changes in institutional equilibria provoked by external shocks and corresponding cultural shifts, as well as designing interim institutions that would help smooth the adverse effects caused by the coronavirus crisis

Study of social network interference of memory processes in adolescence

Memory is the fundamental basis of human learning. Conceptual assessment and study of the memory mechanisms, its formation, consolidation and preservation at different levels of the structural and functional organization of the nervous system constitutes the necessary knowledge for solving many problems of practical and fundamental psychology. This article presents the study of memory, namely the process of its transition from a short-term to a more stable long-term form in a digital environment under the influence of the interference factor of social networks. The aim of the work is to study the influence of the social network interference factor on the processes of consolidation and reconsolidation of memory in adolescence. The total sample size was 68 adolescents aged 12–17 years. The authors conducted an experiment to achieve this goal. Its results showed that adolescents have difficulty remembering information in the form of short, successive videos in the digital space. It was found that videos that are characterized not only by visual accompaniment, but also by speech production are subject to better memorization. Under the influence of the interfering factor of social networks, adolescents faced difficulties in linking individual elements of stimuli with each other – they connected elements of one video with elements of another. According to one of the provisions of the theory of interference, information storage is characterized by the “unbinding” of representations of objects, followed by their reverse linking in an arbitrary combination during further reproduction

EVOLUTION OF POLYDISPERSE ENSEMBLE OF ELLIPSOIDAL CRYSTALS IN SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION IN COMPARISON WITH SPHERICAL CRYSTALS

An analytical model of ellipsoidal crystal growth dynamics using the saddle point method for the Laplace-type integral is solved analytically in the case of Meirs kinetics. Comparative graphs of the behavior of the distribution function of spherical and ellipsoidal crystals are presented.Работа выполнена при поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект 18-19-00008)

EVOLUTION OF A POLYDISPERSE PARTICLE ENSEMBLE AT AN INTERMEDIATE PHASE TRANSITION

In this work we will present three models for the growth rate of ellipsoidal particles in metastable systems. A model for supercooled one-component melts, a model for supersaturated solutions and a model for binary melts. Let us consider their differences between them, compare the obtained data with

The dialectics of love and suffering: existential meaning

The aim of the study - to determine the significance of the interrelated phenomena of love and suffering for the realization of the true essence of a person.Цель исследования - определить значение взаимосвязанных феноменов любви и страдания для реализации подлинной сущности человека

The reciprocal organization of constructive activity in drug addiction

The urgency of the problem stated in the article is caused by the fact that modern scientific studies show that sustainable neuro-associative connections with the object of addiction arise at chemical addiction. The aim of this study is to examine the features of the reciprocal organization of constructive activities in drug addiction. Study of the constructive activity of patients with drug addiction in comparison with the group in norm was carried out by using the experimental method. The study found a decrease of constructive activity in drug addiction by the characteristics of performance pace and accuracy, regulated by reciprocal and auditory-motor coordination, which, in turn, are also significantly reduced. Reciprocal organization in drug addiction is characterized by impaired proprioceptive kinesthetic afferentation of motor act at safety of outer space organization of movements, lack of differentiation and low handling of movements, movement program disorders, as well as the