8 research outputs found
Immunization Coverage Surveys and Linked Biomarker Serosurveys in Three Regions in Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE:Demographic and health surveys, immunization coverage surveys and administrative data often divergently estimate vaccination coverage, which hinders pinpointing districts where immunization services require strengthening. We assayed vaccination coverage in three regions in Ethiopia by coverage surveys and linked serosurveys. METHODS:Households with children aged 12-23 (N = 300) or 6-8 months (N = 100) in each of three districts (woredas) were randomly selected for immunization coverage surveys (inspection of vaccination cards and immunization clinic records and maternal recall) and linked serosurveys. IgG-ELISA serologic biomarkers included tetanus antitoxin ≥ 0.15 IU/ml in toddlers (receipt of tetanus toxoid) and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) anti-capsular titers ≥ 1.0 mcg/ml in infants (timely receipt of Hib vaccine). FINDINGS:Coverage surveys enrolled 1,181 children across three woredas; 1,023 (87%) also enrolled in linked serosurveys. Administrative data over-estimated coverage compared to surveys, while maternal recall was unreliable. Serologic biomarkers documented a hierarchy among the districts. Biomarker measurement in infants provided insight on timeliness of vaccination not deducible from toddler results. CONCLUSION:Neither administrative projections, vaccination card or EPI register inspections, nor parental recall, substitute for objective serological biomarker measurement. Including infants in serosurveys informs on vaccination timeliness
Strategies for Coordination of a Serosurvey in Parallel with an Immunization Coverage Survey
Proportion of Toddlers (Age 12–23 Months) and Infants (0–11 Months) with Protective Titers of Antibodies to Pentavalent Vaccine Antigens and Geometric Mean Titers (GMT), According to the Number of Documented Doses of Vaccine Received by the Child.
<p>Proportion of Toddlers (Age 12–23 Months) and Infants (0–11 Months) with Protective Titers of Antibodies to Pentavalent Vaccine Antigens and Geometric Mean Titers (GMT), According to the Number of Documented Doses of Vaccine Received by the Child.</p
Pentavalent Vaccine-3 Coverage in Serosurvey Participants by Each Coverage Estimation Method and Age Group (Toddlers 12–23 Months Old and Infants 6–8 Months Old).
<p>Pentavalent Vaccine-3 Coverage in Serosurvey Participants by Each Coverage Estimation Method and Age Group (Toddlers 12–23 Months Old and Infants 6–8 Months Old).</p
Consort diagram showing numbers of toddlers (age 12–23 months) and infants (age 6–8 months) enrolled into the immunization coverage survey in each in each woreda (administrative district), the number and percent subsequently enrolled into the serosurveys and the number and percent from whom blood was successfully obtained.
<p>Consort diagram showing numbers of toddlers (age 12–23 months) and infants (age 6–8 months) enrolled into the immunization coverage survey in each in each woreda (administrative district), the number and percent subsequently enrolled into the serosurveys and the number and percent from whom blood was successfully obtained.</p
Pentavalent Vaccine-3 Coverage in Serosurvey Participants by Documented (Vaccination Card or EPI Record) or Undocumented (Parental Recall Only) Source of Information.
<p>Pentavalent Vaccine-3 Coverage in Serosurvey Participants by Documented (Vaccination Card or EPI Record) or Undocumented (Parental Recall Only) Source of Information.</p