751 research outputs found
Solving Gapped Hamiltonians Locally
We show that any short-range Hamiltonian with a gap between the ground and
excited states can be written as a sum of local operators, such that the ground
state is an approximate eigenvector of each operator separately. We then show
that the ground state of any such Hamiltonian is close to a generalized matrix
product state. The range of the given operators needed to obtain a good
approximation to the ground state is proportional to the square of the
logarithm of the system size times a characteristic "factorization length".
Applications to many-body quantum simulation are discussed. We also consider
density matrices of systems at non-zero temperature.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures; minor changes to references, additional
discussion of numerics; additional explanation of nonzero temperature matrix
product for
Some New Exact Ground States for Generalize Hubbard Models
A set of new exact ground states of the generalized Hubbard models in
arbitrary dimensions with explicitly given parameter regions is presented. This
is based on a simple method for constructing exact ground states for
homogeneous quantum systems.Comment: 9 pages, Late
Phase diagram of the asymmetric tetrahedral Ising-Heisenberg chain
The asymmetric tetrahedron is composed by all edges of tetrahedron
represented by Ising interaction except one, which has a Heisenberg type
interaction. This asymmetric tetrahedron is arranged connecting a vertex which
edges are only Ising type interaction to another vertex with same structure of
another tetrahedron. The process is replicated and this kind of lattice we call
the asymmetric Ising-Heisenberg chain. We have studied the ground state phase
diagram for this kind of models. Particularly we consider two situations in the
Heisenberg-type interaction, (i) The asymmetric tetrahedral spin(1/2,1/2)
Ising-XYZ chain, and (ii) the asymmetric tetrahedral spin-(1/2,1) Ising-XXZ
chain, where we have found a rich phase diagram and a number of multicritical
points. Additionally we have also studied their thermodynamics properties and
the correlation function, using the decorated transformation. We have mapped
the asymmetric tetrahedral Ising-Heisenberg chain in an effective Ising chain,
and we have also concluded that it is possible to evaluate the partition
function including a longitudinal external magnetic field.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matte
A new family of matrix product states with Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interactions
We define a new family of matrix product states which are exact ground states
of spin 1/2 Hamiltonians on one dimensional lattices. This class of
Hamiltonians contain both Heisenberg and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions but
at specified and not arbitrary couplings. We also compute in closed forms the
one and two-point functions and the explicit form of the ground state. The
degeneracy structure of the ground state is also discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figur
Stripe Ansatzs from Exactly Solved Models
Using the Boltzmann weights of classical Statistical Mechanics vertex models
we define a new class of Tensor Product Ansatzs for 2D quantum lattice systems,
characterized by a strong anisotropy, which gives rise to stripe like
structures. In the case of the six vertex model we compute exactly, in the
thermodynamic limit, the norm of the ansatz and other observables. Employing
this ansatz we study the phase diagram of a Hamiltonian given by the sum of XXZ
Hamiltonians along the legs coupled by an Ising term. Finally, we suggest a
connection between the six and eight-vertex Anisotropic Tensor Product Ansatzs,
and their associated Hamiltonians, with the smectic stripe phases recently
discussed in the literature.Comment: REVTEX4.b4 file, 10 pages, 2 ps Figures. Revised version to appear in
PR
Magnetic Properties of Quantum Ferrimagnetic Spin Chains
Magnetic susceptibilities of spin- ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chains are
numerically investigated. It is argued how the ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic features of quantum ferrimagnets are exhibited as functions
of . Spin- ferrimagnetic chains behave like combinations of
spin- ferromagnetic and spin- antiferromagnetic chains provided
.Comment: 4 pages, 7 PS figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B: Rapid Commu
Acupuncture in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (ACUSAR) - Design and Protocol of a Randomised Controlled Multi-Centre Trial
Background: We report on the study design and protocol of a randomised controlled trial (Acupuncture in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis, ACUSAR) that investigates the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). Objective: To investigate whether acupuncture is non-inferior or superior to (a) penetrating sham acupuncture and (b) rescue medication in the treatment of SAR. Design: 3-armed, randomised controlled multi-centre trial with a total follow-up time of 16 weeks in the 1st year and 8 weeks in the 2nd year. Setting: 41 physicians in 37 out-patient units in Germany specialised in acupuncture treatment. Patients: 400 seasonal allergic rhinitis patients with clinical symptoms and test-positive (skin-prick test and/or specific IgE) to both birch and grass pollen. Interventions: Patients will be randomised in a 2:1:1 ratio to one of three groups: (a) semi-standardised acupuncture plus rescue medication (cetirizine); (b) penetrating sham acupuncture at non-acupuncture points plus rescue medication; or (c) rescue medication alone for 8 weeks (standard treatment group). Acupuncture and sham acupuncture will consist of 12 treatments per patient over 8 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: Average means of the Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) overall score and the Rescue Medication Score (RMS) between weeks 6 and 8 in the first year, adjusted for baseline values. Outlook: The results of this trial available in 2011 will have a major impact on the decision of whether acupuncture should be considered as a therapeutic option in the treatment of SAR
Classical spiral spin liquids as a possible route to quantum spin liquids
Quantum spin liquids are long range entangled phases whose magnetic correlations are determined by strong quantum fluctuations. While an overarching principle specifying the precise microscopic coupling scenarios for which quantum spin liquid behavior arises is unknown, it is well established that they are preferably found in spin systems where the corresponding classical limit of spin magnitudes S exhibits a macroscopic ground state degeneracy, so called classical spin liquids. Spiral spin liquids represent a special family of classical spin liquids where degenerate manifolds of spin spirals form closed contours or surfaces in momentum space. Here, we investigate the potential of spiral spin liquids to evoke quantum spin liquid behavior when the spin magnitude is tuned from the classical S limit to the quantum S 1 2 case. To this end, we first use the Luttinger Tisza method to formulate a general scheme which allows one to construct new spiral spin liquids based on bipartite lattices. We apply this approach to the two dimensional square lattice and the three dimensional hcp lattice to design classical spiral spin liquid phases which have not been previously studied. By employing the pseudofermion functional renormalization group PFFRG technique we investigate the effects of quantum fluctuations when the classical spins are replaced by quantum S 1 2 spins. We indeed find that extended spiral spin liquid regimes change into paramagnetic quantum phases possibly realizing quantum spin liquids. Remnants of the degenerate spiral surfaces are still discernible in the momentum resolved susceptibility, even in the quantum S 1 2 case. In total, this corroborates the potential of classical spiral spin liquids to induce more complex non magnetic quantum phase
Matrix Product Ground States for Asymmetric Exclusion Processes with Parallel Dynamics
We show in the example of a one-dimensional asymmetric exclusion process that
stationary states of models with parallel dynamics may be written in a matrix
product form. The corresponding algebra is quadratic and involves three
different matrices. Using this formalism we prove previous conjectures for the
equal-time correlation functions of the model.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, one postscript figur
Stochastic Models on a Ring and Quadratic Algebras. The Three Species Diffusion Problem
The stationary state of a stochastic process on a ring can be expressed using
traces of monomials of an associative algebra defined by quadratic relations.
If one considers only exclusion processes one can restrict the type of algebras
and obtain recurrence relations for the traces. This is possible only if the
rates satisfy certain compatibility conditions. These conditions are derived
and the recurrence relations solved giving representations of the algebras.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX, Sec. 3 extended, submitted to J.Phys.
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