Summer Residency of Pacific Halibut in Glacier Bay National Park

Glacier Bay National Park (Fig.1), as a Marine Protected Area (MPA), is phasing out commercial fishing of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) within the park. The species continues to be commercially harvested outside of the bay

Is the association between sexual minority status and suicide-related behaviours modified by rurality? A discrete-time survival analysis using longitudinal health administrative data

While self-reported data shows that lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals have a greater risk of suicide-related behaviours (SRB), little is known about how rurality may amplify the risk of SRB associated with sexual minority status. Sexual minority individuals in rural areas may experience unique stressors due to stigma and a lack of LGB-specific social and mental health services. This is the first study to use a population-representative sample to investigate the contribution of sexual minority status and rurality on clinical SRB outcomes, and whether rurality modifies the association between sexual minority status and SRB risk. A nationally representative survey linked to administrative health data was used to construct a cohort of individuals (unweighted n=169,091; weighted n=8,778,115) in Ontario, Canada, and captured all SRB-related emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths between 2007-2017. Rural status was captured using three measures which reflect different dimensions of rurality: the Rurality Index of Ontario, the Metropolitan Influenced Zones classification, and the Index of Remoteness. Sex-stratified discrete-time survival analyses were used to examine the interaction between rurality and sexual minority status on SRB risk while controlling for potential confounders. Sexual minority men had 2.18 times higher odds of SRB compared to their heterosexual counterparts (95%CI 1.21 to 3.91), while sexual minority women had 2.07 times higher odds (95%CI 1.48 to 2.89). The Rurality Index of Ontario and the Index of Remoteness were associated with the odds of SRB in a dose-response manner. No significant interactions were observed between rural status and sexual minority status. Rural status and sexual minority status both independently contribute to an elevated likelihood of SRB. Differences in access to healthcare between urban and rural areas appears to be strongly associated with SRB in both sexual minority and heterosexual populations. Future studies should consider incorporating measures of urban-rural status that capture access to healthcare, such as the Rurality Index of Ontario, to predict rural health disparities. This study highlights the need to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions and policies to reduce SRB in both rural and sexual minority populations

Economic Satisfaction and Income Rank in Small Neighbourhoods

We contribute to the literature on well-being and comparisons by appealing to new Danish data dividing the country up into around 9,000 small neighbourhoods. Administrative data provides us with the income of every person in each of these neighbourhoods. This income information is matched to demographic and economic satisfaction variables from eight years of Danish ECHP data. Panel regression analysis shows that, conditional on own household income, respondents report higher satisfaction levels when their neighbours are richer. However, individuals are rank-sensitive: conditional on own income and neighbourhood median income, respondents are more satisfied as their percentile neighbourhood ranking improves. A ten percentage point rise in rank (i.e. from 40th to 20th position in a 200-household cell) is worth 0.11 on a one to six scale, which is a large marginal effect in satisfaction terms.income comparisons, neighbours, satisfaction, geo-coded data

Achievement Study of Negro Elementary Transfer Students

The purpose of this study was to find out to what extent the transfer program has benefited participating students. The hypothesis was that Negro elementary students participating in the transfer program would make more academic progress by 1968 than would Negro elementary students from the same home schools who did not transfer. All students had to be in grade four in 1966. Students must have taken a standardized achievement test in 1966 and 1968

Quantum Computation as Geometry

Quantum computers hold great promise, but it remains a challenge to find efficient quantum circuits that solve interesting computational problems. We show that finding optimal quantum circuits is essentially equivalent to finding the shortest path between two points in a certain curved geometry. By recasting the problem of finding quantum circuits as a geometric problem, we open up the possibility of using the mathematical techniques of Riemannian geometry to suggest new quantum algorithms, or to prove limitations on the power of quantum computers.Comment: 13 Pages, 1 Figur

Quantum state reconstruction via continuous measurement

We present a new procedure for quantum state reconstruction based on weak continuous measurement of an ensemble average. By applying controlled evolution to the initial state new information is continually mapped onto the measured observable. A Bayesian filter is then used to update the state-estimate in accordance with the measurement record. This generalizes the standard paradigm for quantum tomography based on strong, destructive measurements on separate ensembles. This approach to state estimation can be non-destructive and real-time, giving information about observables whose evolution cannot be described classically, opening the door to new types of quantum feedback control.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Weak measurement of quantum dot spin qubits

The theory of weak quantum measurements is developed for quantum dot spin qubits. Building on recent experiments, we propose a control cycle to prepare, manipulate, weakly measure, and perform quantum state tomography. This is accomplished using a combination of the physics of electron spin resonance, spin blockade, and Coulomb blockade, resulting in a charge transport process. We investigate the influence of the surrounding nuclear spin environment, and find a regime where this environment significantly simplifies the dynamics of the weak measurement process, making this theoretical proposal realistic with existing experimental technology. We further consider spin-echo refocusing to combat dephasing, as well as discuss a realization of "quantum undemolition", whereby the effects of quantum state disturbance are undone.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Chapter Epilogue

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the key concepts discussed in the preceding chapters of this book. The book highlights that an important guiding principle when developing organizational interventions is to ensure that there's a close fit between the intervention and the context in which the intervention is undertaken. It presents work from some of the world's leading researchers in the field of organizational intervention research. The book also highlights the lack of research attention given to the specific needs of small-medium sized organizations. It argues that the gaps between research, practice, and policy should be closed and that this could happen through evaluating organizational interventions using realist evaluation. The book identifies four factors that were critical to the achievement of positive intervention outcomes. These included participatory decision-making and the co-creation of knowledge, multi-level management support, strong alignment between the intervention and the context, and institutionalizing interventions