Spatio-temporal characteristics and coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and atmospheric particulate pollutants in the Bohai Rim in China

The coordinated development of urbanization and atmospheric environment is of great significance for improving the quality of urbanization and solving air pollution problems in the Bohai Rim region. We have constructed urbanization quality level system indicator system and atmospheric environment system indicator system. By combining the coupling coordination degree model and spatial autocorrelation method, we analyze the spatiotemporal changes of urbanization, PM2.5, and PM10 of 43 cities in the Bohai Rim region from 2015 to 2020 using the coupling coordination model and spatial autocorrelation method, revealing the spatiotemporal evolution law of the coupling coordination relationship between regional urbanization system and atmospheric environment system. The results show that: (1) The overall urbanization level is increasing and the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter pollution is decreasing from 2015 to 2020 in the Bohai Rim; the urbanization level shows a spatial distribution pattern of high in the northeast and low in the southwest, and the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 show a pattern of high in the southwest and low in the northeast, with obvious clustering characteristics; (2) The coupling and coordination relationship between urbanization and atmospheric environment is showing an increasing trend in the Bohai Rim region. During the research period, the lowest, highest, average, and coupling coordination levels of the coupling and coordination scheduling are continuously increasing. The spatial distribution pattern of the coupling coordination degree is low in the southwest and high in the northeast, and there is a strong regional convergence of the coupling coordination type transformation, with certain spatial and temporal dependence

The Disease Burden of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis from a Hospital Surveillance in Beijing

Background: The aims of this study are to estimate the disease burden of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients and examine various underlying issues related to the symptoms and services of adult AR patients. Methods: Beijing hospital was picked as the surveillance area, and self-report questionnaires from the AR patients and data from medical examinations by specialists of otolaryngology were collected. The burden of patients with AR was evaluated by the combined results from patient-questionnaires and specialist examination reports. Results: AR imposed a substantial burden on patients regarding everyday life limitations and work performance; AR affected patients’ noses, ears, throats, and eyes in various ways. The basic daily average medicine cost was 10 RMB for each patient, and the cost for an outpatient in the hospital was 10 RMB for a basic nasal examination and more than 200 RMB if the patient needed further physical examinations. Conclusions: AR imposed burdens on everyday activities and work performance; the patients needed to wait a long time before being diagnosed, and the costs of diagnosis and treatment imposed economic burden on patients

Spatial distributions of bacillary dysentery incidence and socio-economic factors.

<p>Spatial distributions of bacillary dysentery incidence and socio-economic factors.</p

Administrative map of Guangxi Province.

<p>Administrative map of Guangxi Province.</p