Improved Performance of Area and Delay for Radix 4 and Radix 8 Multiplier

Booth multiplier algorithm provides a basic platform for the new advanced fast with higher performance multiplier. It is little work performed on disposal of the negative partial products .Booth multiplier algorithm provide better encoding during the multiplication first step. In this paper is working for Radix 4 and Radix 8 multiplication. We are improving the results of LUT’s and Delay by use pipelining. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150615

Multibanding of Microstrip Patch Antenna by Feeding Point and Patch Position

Abstract : This paper investigate some methods for converting single band antennas to multiband antennas so that all single band antennas convert in multiband antennas and gives multiband facility without increasing the cost of manufacturing. Simulation is performing on Ansoft HFSS and corresponding result are shown by figures. Impedance bandwidth, VSWR and Return loss are observed for the proposed antenna. This proposed patch antenna is suitable for implementing low cost and high stable pattern. Details of the measured and simulated results are presented and discussed

A State of Art Concept in Contriving of Underwater Networks

the underwater ocean environment is widely considered as one of the most difficult communications channels. Underwater acoustic networks have recently emerged as a new area of research in wireless networking. Underwater networks are generally formed by acoustically connected ocean - bottom sensors, underwater gateways and a surfa ce station, which provides a link to an on - shore control center. In recent years, there has been substantial work on protocol design for these networks with most efforts focusing on MAC and network layer protocols. Low communication bandwidth, large propag ation delay, floating node mobility, and high error probability are the challenges of building mobile underwater wireless sensor networks (WSN) for aquatic applications. Underwater sensor networks (WSNs) are the enabling technology for wide range of appl ications like monitoring the strong influences and impact of climate regulation, nutrient production, oil retrieval and transportation, man y scientific, environmental, commercial, safety, and military applications. This paper first introduces the concept o f UWSN, operation, applications and then reviews some recent developments within this research area and proposes an adaptive push system for dissemination of data in underwater wireless sensor networks. The goal of this paper is to survey the existing net w ork technology and its applicability to underwater acoustic channels. In this paper we provide an overview of recent medium acces s control, routing, transport, and cross - layer networking protocols. It examines the main approaches and challenges in the desi gn and implementation of underwater wireless sensor networks. Finally, some suggestions and promising solutions are given for th ese issues

Diagnostic accuracy of cardiac testing for coronary artery disease in potential liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Liver transplant (LT) patients is much higher than prior estimates and the morbidity and mortality are significant in this group of patients. Coronary angiography is the gold standard for detection of CAD, a non-invasive test that allows appropriate risk stratification would be preferred. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we sought to assess the pooled diagnostic accuracy of various noninvasive cardiac imaging tests in detecting CAD in patients listed for LT. Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive tests to that of coronary angiography in diagnosing coronary artery disease in patients undergoing liver transplantation. Results: Five studies (616 participants) evaluated myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI); five studies (1243 participants) dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE); and three (87 participants), other tests. MPI had a pooled sensitivity of 0.62 (95% CI 0.37, 0.83), specificity of 0.60 (95% CI 0.39, 0.79), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 2.5 (95% CI 1.7, 5.64) and Area under the curve (AUC) 0.649. DSE had a pooled sensitivity of 0.25 (95%CI 0.09, 0.51), specificity of 0.68 (95% CI 0.44, 0.84) and DOR of 0.7 (95% CI 0.12, 3.84). Conclusions: Our results show that both MPI and DSE are not effective screening tools for detecting CAD in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). Future studies are needed to evaluate the role of real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (RTMCE) and coronary artery calcium score (CAC) with coronary CT angiography in patients with ESLD

Transcatheter Therapies for Aortic Regurgitation: Where Are We in 2023?

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is retrograde flow across the aortic valve in diastole and is classified from stage A to D based on severity and symptoms. Severe symptomatic AR (stage D) is a class I indication for surgical aortic valve replacement per the 2020 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Though off-label, patients with prohibitive surgical risk may benefit from transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in appropriately selected patients. However, TAVR is challenging in AR due to a lack of leaflet and annular calcification and dilation of the perivalvular apparatus, compromising the optimal anchorage of the bioprosthesis with a risk of prosthetic valve leak and embolization. Valve oversizing by 10–15% is frequently required, with caution not to oversize beyond 20%. Multimodality imaging, including echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography, is essential for procedural planning. Registry data shows acceptable results for off-label TAVR with newer generation valves such as Medtronic Evolut and Edwards Sapien 3 for native AR. The JenaValve designed especially for TAVR for native AR is currently undergoing clinical trial. Until the results of randomized clinical trials are available, careful selection of native AR patients for TAVR is paramount to procedural and clinical success

Factors Influencing Suicidal Behaviour among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study from North India

In the majority of the affected nations, suicidal behavior against COVID-19 leads to various concerns. This study aimed to analyze determinants affecting suicidal behaviour among university students in Uttarakhand. An online cross-sectional survey of 18-year-old university students in Uttarakhand was conducted between April 2 and May 13, 2022. The questionnaire comprised socio-demographic information, the Suicidal Behaviors’ Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale, and elements related to the physical and psychological health of COVID-19 (CRPPF). The statistical study included demographic information, basic statistics in terms of frequency and percentage, and logistic regression. In comparison to students with fewer than seven family members, students with more than seven family members were less likely to participate in suicide behaviour (AOR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.79 to 2.67) and vice versa (AOR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.97). According to the study, a substantial majority of students (76.35%) claimed that the lockdown implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19 was extremely upsetting for them and that the pandemic had caused them to miss their graduation (73.90%). Adjusted multivariate logistic regression shows that feelings of a burden on family, (AOR= 1.98, 95% CI: 1.09 to 2.82), distancing from family or friends, (AOR =1.66; 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.01), having relationship dilemmas, (AOR= 2.31; 95% CI: 1.84 to 2.97), and being anxious during the lockdown, (AOR= 1.84; 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.27), are significant factors among participants that are linked to higher risk of engaging in suicidal behaviour. The possibility of university students engaging in suicide behaviour was significantly affected by numerous factors. In addition to defending the students' mental health, the concerned authorities should devise and implement strategies to safeguard the students' physical health

Can the Echocardiographic LV Mass Equation Reliably Demonstrate Stable LV Mass Following Acute Change in LV Load?

Background: Limited data are available on performance of the left ventricular (LV) mass equation when there is a dynamic change to LV load. We aimed to test this equation in the immediate post-operative period following aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic regurgitation (AR) to see if it would reliably demonstrate stable LV mass before and after surgery. Since LV mass would be unlikely to change in the immediate postoperative period, we hypothesized that a decrease in LV diameter postoperatively would be accompanied by concomitant increases in LV wall thickness as predicted by the LV mass equation. Methods: We reviewed echocardiograms of adult patients with AR who underwent AVR from 2007-2017 at Montefiore Medical Center (n=28). Three independent readers performed septal wall thickness (SWT), posterior wall thickness (PWT) and left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) measurements on pre-operative and post-operative echocardiograms. LV masses were calculated using the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) equation. Results: Post-operatively, LVID decreased from 5.7+/-1.2 to 4.9+/-1.0 cm, P\u3c0.001. SWT was noted to increase from 1.08+/-0.20 to 1.18+/-0.27 cm, P=0.03, but PWT was unchanged, 1.11+/-0.21 to 1.16+/-0.27 cm, P=0.21. Accordingly, the LV mass equation calculated a decrease in LV mass from 266+/-126 to 232+/-99 gm, P=0.01. A control group of coronary artery bypass grafting alone (n=14) did not demonstrate any significant change in SWT, LVID, PWT and LV mass measurements. Similar findings were found for all three readers. Conclusions: Following aortic valve replacement for regurgitation, the LV mass equation calculated a reduction in LV mass in the immediate postoperative period. Since an immediate change in LV mass after AVR is unlikely, we feel that these results highlight an important limitation of the mass equation, when used with acutely changing loading conditions

Denoising Of Intravascular Ultrasound Images: A Comparative Study

Abstract — The major objective of the image Enhancement techniques is to emphasize & sharpen the features of images for better display & investigation. Medical images are affected by the Mixed Noise, which is the combination of Speckle & Gaussian Noise. Mixed Noise is an inherent property of Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging (IVUS) & it is generally tends to deteriorate the image quality, thereby reducing the diagnostic value of this medical imaging modality. As a result the noise reduction filtering is considered to be an important & essential procedure to be used, whenever IVUS image is used for atherosclerotic lesions assessment. In this paper, wiener filtering is used to reduce the mixed noise in IVUS Image. This method reduces the noise & hence the quality of the image is enhanced. Experimental results show a significant improvement in removing the mixed noise present in the IVUS Image by giving better PSNR & MSE values

Diagnostic Strategies for Early Recognition of Cancer Therapeutics–Related Cardiac Dysfunction

Cardiovascular toxicity in the form of cardiac dysfunction continues to be an obstacle for patients with cancer. Survival and quality of life of cancer survivors are frequently affected by increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. The involvement of the cardiovascular system by primary or secondary malignancies, as well as its dysfunction secondary to the administration of antineoplastics, has led to the development of a new discipline called Cardio-Oncology, an exciting cardiology subspecialty with more questions than answers and as a result an enormous opportunity for research in the field. Multidisciplinary efforts have been focused on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer therapeutics–related cardiovascular dysfunction (CTRCD). This review article will focus on the early diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction associated with chemotherapy. Currently, the identification of cardiac toxicity associated with cancer treatment is the cornerstone for critical decisions regarding anticancer therapy and cardioprotective strategies. Its early detection, especially in subclinical phases, allows immediate intervention to prevent further impairment of the myocardium and other cardiovascular structures. The most significant published studies were selected for this revision, providing an updated document for the health professionals involved in the care of patients with cancer. We examined the current evidence and recommendations for biochemical and noninvasive diagnostic techniques, including their specific role for identification of CTRCD. Traditional and advanced imaging modalities, used alone or in combination with cardiovascular biomarkers, are essential for the recognition of cardiotoxicity during cancer therapy. Evolving basic and clinical research are focused on the development of more sensitive and specific diagnostic tools and for the recognition of cardiac toxicity