The perspective of spatio-temporal variability of Romanian economy in European space

Interrelation of economic and financial phenomena and processes, characterized by varying degrees of intensity of events in time and space, generates, sometimes, difficulties for public authorities of all times, both economic and noneconomic nature. Disparities between countries and economic disparities and also the impact of adverse shocks on the economy represent in recent years an intense topic of debate for researchers and professionals, making up the analysis of their economic theories that shape it in time and space dynamics of various economic indicators. Since every economic size is characterized as spatial and temporal dimensions and relations of dependency with other economic indicators, the statistical approach to spatial and temporal variability of the Romanian economy, sought to highlight this trend compared with the EU, as level of development, we proposed using an index composed Romania - European Union. Outcomes show that the Romanian economy is not prepared to face competitive pressure from European Union forces, is still facing eternal problem of solving cyclical temporary shocks.economic and financial phenomena, economic disparities, cyclical temporary shocks

Rural Romanian Housing Degradation – Effect of Land Restitution and Unemployment Rates

AbstractThis paper aims to present the alarming situation of a constantly decaying rural built environment as well as its landscape. Even if rural settlement were and still are being abandoned in the entire world it is worrying that depopulation combined with aged communities represents one of the main reasons for this situation to occur in the 21st century in Romania.We have identified some of the elements that compose the foundation for this continuous decline and we are presenting with the aid of this study the major ones. It is obvious that education, form all points of view is the most important pawn, its absence leading to lack of overall vision, bad management of estates and possessions, unemployment, poverty and consequently decay.It is important to put a stop to this situation otherwise the gap between urban and rural settlements will continue to enlarge in terms of quality of life and the village will lose its cultural identity and value and will become a refuge for poor and unadapted individuals if not a ghost village

Financial instruments designed to increase the competiveness of the European firms

In the new global economy based on knowledge, the maintenance, the increase of life standards and social stability is related to the assurance of competitiveness of the economic structures of any state,regardless their constitutional order and system administration or whether they belong or not to a form of association. The nowadays financial and economic crisis has increased transparency, but it also amplified by contagion the negative effects of structural disparities between different areas and regions spatially dispersed. Anticipating economic and social change, the Member States have decided to restructure the priorities of the resources allocated through the Community financial instruments and programs. They complete the efforts of the European states, towards increasing the competitiveness, which becomes the basic resource for sustainable economic growth. Methods of collecting and processing data and information highlights the performance gaps of the Union at the economic and financial triad, showing the existence of structural problems increased by the last two expansions, the globalization of the market, the demographic decline and the population aging

Correlation between electoral cycle and fiscal policy decisions in Romania

Economic reality has shown that current enforcement techniques will produce the desired finalities, avoiding distortion under psychological decision of all members of society and reduce the current costs of tax administration. Therefore, taxation is the product of social factors, which determine, before any other factors widely and work closely on the social physiognomy, which causes various and numerous effects, that could be considered synthetic, two-way, as expressed sequence all taxpayers reactions taxes, such as tastes and scale transformation of values, the redistribution of costs, savings, debt and changing conditions of work and life, in general.The functioning of a democratic regime depends not only institutions which carry out the division of labor between the executive and legislature, but also of a number of formal rules and informal procedures through which political actors influence the operation of the system. The objective is to provide some empirical evidencies of relation between fiscal policy and electoral cicles. The main output consist in this thesis that some support could be found for this, in Roumania

National legislative systems and foreign standards and regulations: The case of International Financial Reporting Standards adoption

This study is focused on the linkages between the legislative families as descriptors of national legislative systems and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). We consider such analysis as a case study for the more general issue of explaining the preferences of national regulators in the adoption of foreign norms, rules, standards and practices. By using a dataset of 162 jurisdictions and dummy variables designed to capture the current stage of IFRSs adoption and, respectively, the taxonomy of their legislative systems, we find that a full IFRSs adoption is more likely to occur in countries which have principles-based on legislative mono-systems. In addition, we observe that a strong rule of law, with an effective mechanism of property rights reinforcement, as well as the pre-adoption existence of a pro-growth set of public policies can contribute to the encouragement of IFRSs adoption.IFRSs adoption• Legislative families

The impact of entrepreneurship on economic development through government policies and citizens’ attitudes

This research aims to investigate the field of entrepreneurship in the context of public sector governance in eight of the largest economies in the world (the G7 countries and Russia). To analyse the composition and evolution of entrepreneurship, data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor was collected, while the economic stability was based on GDP data from the World Bank. To understand the relationships between the public sector governance policies and attitudes towards entrepreneurship in terms of economic development, the 2001-2018 period was considered. The relationships studied were observed through correlation and regression analyses, based on indexes obtained through principal component analysis. Results indicate that there are strong positive correlations between GDP and cultural and social norms promoted in society, total early-stage entrepreneurial activity, physical and services infrastructure, and tax and bureaucracy, while the fear of failure affects the GDP. Besides, this research emphasises the fact that individuals’ entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviour may reduce the level of GDP, while the entrepreneurial framework developed by the public sector would have an important role in increasing economic stability

PRIORITETI UPRAVLJANJA JAVNIM KOMUNALNIM USLUGAMA U ZAPADNOJ RUMUNJSKOJ

Public utility services are an important vector for the development of regional and local communities. Providing these services is equally important to citizens, central, regional and local authorities, and academics. The management of public utility services needs to be completed in the spirit of an efficient and performant process. This paper highlights the perception of the users of public utility services regarding the quality of various public services. Also, it identifies potential improvement measures that can be adopted by the authorities with competences in the field of utility services. In this respect, we apply a methodology based on the survey method, considering a sample of 220 respondents, between December 2014 and April 2015 at the level of the Western Region of Romania, namely the counties of Timis, Caras-Severin, Arad and Hunedoara. The main conclusion of the study reveals users’ dissatisfaction with the quality of public utility services provision, as well as the lack of communication between authorities and citizens.The results of the present paper can form a basis for well-grounded proposals for efficient measures which need to be implemented by local and regional authorities in order to improve the provision of public utility services.Javne komunalne usluge važan su vektor razvoja regionalnih i lokalnih zajednica. Te usluge jednako su važne građanima, središnjim, regionalnim i lokalnim vlastima, ali i akademskoj zajednici. Upravljanje javnim komunalnim uslugama mora biti učinkovit i djelotvoran proces. Ovaj rad bavi se percepcijom kvalitete javnih komunalnih usluga od strane njihovih korisnika. Također navodi moguće mjere za poboljšanje tih usluga koje mogu uvesti tijela nadležna za upravljanje komunalnim uslugama. U radu se koristi metoda ankete te se analizira uzorak odgovora 220 ispitanika prikupljenih u razdoblju od prosinca 2014. do travnja 2015. u zapadnoj Rumunjskoj, točnije u općinama Timis, Caras-Severin, Arad i Hunedoara. Zaključak studije otkriva nezadovoljstvo korisnika kvalitetom pružanja javnih komunalnih usluga, ali i nedostatak komunikacije između nadležnih tijela i građana. Rezultati ovog rada mogu biti temelj za predlaganje mjera koje lokalne i regionalne vlasti mogu provesti kako bi poboljšale kvalitetu komunalnih usluga

Thyroid hormones paradox, oxidative stress, and selenium

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in physiological processes, but - when being in excess - ROS cause oxidative damage to molecules. Under physiological conditions, the production and detoxification of ROS are more-or-less balanced. Also in the thyroid, ROS and free radicals participate in physiological and pathological processes in the gland. For example, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is crucial for thyroid hormone biosynthesis, acting at different steps of the process. Additionally, H2O2 is believed to participate in the Wolff-Chaikoff`s effect, undergoing in conditions of iodide excess in the thyroid. It is the purpose of this review to attempt a synthesis of what we currently know of thyroid hormones production and their relation to oxidative stress and selenium, a trace element.Biomedical Reviews 2009; 20: 17-29