Avaliação da eficácia analgésica da farmacopuntura com meloxicam e da aquapuntura preemptivas em gatas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH)

A farmacopuntura, injeção de fámarcos em pontos de acupuntura, aparenta ser uma boa ferramenta terapêutica na medicina veterinária, no sentido de reduzir os efeitos indesejáveis dos fármacos e os custos de tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia analgésica da farmacopuntura com meloxicam e da aquapuntura de forma premptiva em gatas submetidas à OSH. Foram utilizados 29 animais sadios com idade de 11,59 ± 6,21 meses e peso de 2,50 ± 0,58 kg distribuídos em quatro grupos: aquapuntura (GA; n=7; 0,1 ml de solução fisiológica nos acupontos BP6, VB34, F3 e E36 bilaterais), meloxicam (GM; n=8; 0,1 mg.kg-1 de meloxicam por via subcutânea), farmacopuntura verdadeira (GMFV; n=7; 0,01 mg.kg-1 de meloxicam, diluído em solução fisiológica, distribuídos nos acupontos BP6, VB34, F3 e E36 bilaterais) e farmacopuntura falsa (GMFF; n=7; 0,01 mg.kg-1 de meloxicam diluído em solução fisiológica por via SC na região interescapular). Os animais foram submetidos à OSH por meio da cirurgia minimamente invasiva. Um avaliador cego ao tratamento avaliou os animais à 1h, 2h, 6h, 8h, 12h e 24h após o término da cirurgia. Todos os parâmetros avaliados no dia anterior à cirurgia foram considerados como valores basais. Para a avaliação da sedação, utilizou-se a escala analógica visual e um escore de sedação. Para a avaliação da dor foram utilizadas a escala analógica visual (EAV), a escala para avaliação de dor aguda em gatas submetidas à OSH (EDA) e grau de hiperalgesia com o auxílio dos monofilamentos de Von Frey. O resgate analgésico foi realizado com morfina na dose de 0,2 mg.Kg-1 por via intramuscular (IM) quando a pontuação na EDA atingia ou ultrapassava 33% do total. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do programa Sigma-Stat 3.1, utilizando análise...Pharmacopuncture, injection of pharmaceuticals in acupuncture points, is apparently a good therapeutic option in veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of preemptive pharmacopuncture with meloxicam or aquapuncture in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-nine healthy cats, aging 11.59 ± 6.21 and weighing 2.50 ± 0.58 kg were used and assigned to four groups: aquapuncture (GA; n=7; 0.1 mL of saline solution in the SP6, GB34, LIV3 and ST36 acupoints bilaterally), meloxicam (GM; n=8; 0.1 mg.kg-1 of meloxicam given subcutaneous), pharmacopuncture (GMFV; n=7; 0.01 mg.kg-1 of meloxicam, diluted in saline solution, distributed in the SP6, GB34, LIV3 and ST36 acupoints bilaterally) and false pharmacopuncture (GMFF; n=7; 0.01 mg.kg-1 of meloxicam diluted in saline and given subcutaneous, at the interscapular region). The animals were submitted to OVH by minimally invasive surgery. Animals were evaluated at 1h, 2h, 6h, 8h, 12h and 24h postoperatively by a blind assessor. All parameters were assessed in the day before surgery and were considered as baseline. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and descriptive scale were used to assess postoperative pain, as well hyperalgesia evaluated by Von Frey monofilaments. The analgesic rescue was performed with 0.2 mg.kg-1 of morphine intramuscular (IM) when the score at the pain scale reached 33% from the total score. Statistical analysis were performed with the Sigma-Stat 3.1 program using parametric and nonparametric analyses of variances for repeated measures for two factors, with statistical significance of 5% (p<0.05) followed by their respective multiple comparison tests. No statistical difference was observed between groups in any variable. Four animals from GM needed analgesic rescue... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Relation between type and local of orthopedic injuries with physical activity in horses

ABSTRACT: Equine sport modalities influence the prevalence and predisposition of musculoskeletal injuries in horses. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of location and type of orthopedic injuries of horses undergoing various physical activities. Data from 116 horses of different breeds and ages was analyzed. Physical activities included dressage, racing, polo pony, jumping, work and western performance. All horses had history of orthopedic lameness diagnosed by radiographs and/or ultrasound scans. The effect of sport on the affected anatomical site and type of lesion was performed using Fisher's exact test. Desmitis was more prevalent in animals that performed western sports than in the working ones. The number of fractures was greater in racing and polo pony animals than in working horses. Stifle lesions were more prevalent in dressage horses than working horses and had lower occurrence of shoulder injuries than jumping horses. Hind limb tendon injuries were lower in jumping than in dressage and western horses. We conclude that there is a relationship between location and type of injury and physical activities. In racing horses there is a predominance of young animals and higher prevalence of orthopedic injuries from traumatic events such as tendonitis, desmitis and fractures. In physical activities that require longer training and that animals were used for longer periods, eg. jumping, polo pony, dressage and work, age-related degenerative, such as joint disease, were predominant. In western sport animals the most common lesion was desmitis. Regarding limbs, forelimb injures were more often observed in racing horses, polo pony, jumping and working animals; whereas, dressage and Western sports horses presented more injuries in hind limbs

Analgesia da farmacopuntura com meloxicam ou da aquapuntura preemptivas em gatas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito analgésico da farmacopuntura com meloxicam e da aquapuntura preemptivas em gatas submetidas à OSH. Foram utilizados 29 animais considerados sadios após exame clínico e laboratorial com idade de 11,59±6,21 meses e peso de 2,50±0,58kg distribuídos em quatro grupos: aquapuntura (GA; n=7; 0,1ml de solução fisiológica nos acupontos BP6, VB34, F3 e E36 bilaterais), meloxicam (GM; n=8; 0,1mg kg-1 de meloxicam por via subcutânea), farmacopuntura (GMFV; n=7; 0,01mg kg-1 de meloxicam, diluído em 0,8ml de solução fisiológica, distribuído nos acupontos BP6, VB34, F3 e E36 bilaterais) e subdose de meloxicam (GMFF; n=7; 0,01mg kg-1 de meloxicam diluído em solução fisiológica por via SC na região interescapular). Os animais foram submetidos à OSH por meio de técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva. Os momentos de avaliação pós-cirúrgica foram 1h, 2h, 6h, 8h, 12h e 24h após o término da cirurgia por avaliador encoberto. Todos os parâmetros avaliados no dia anterior à cirurgia foram considerados como valores basais. Para a avaliação da sedação, utilizou-se a escala analógica visual e o escore do grau de sedação. Para a avaliação da dor, foram utilizadas a escala analógica visual (EAV), a escala descritiva de dor (EDD) e o grau de hiperalgesia com o auxílio dos monofilamentos de Von Frey. O resgate analgésico foi realizado com morfina na dose de 0,2mg kg-1 por via intramuscular (IM), quando a pontuação na EDD ultrapassava 33% da total. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio do programa Sigma-Stat 3.1, utilizando-se a análise de variância paramétrica e não paramétrica e respectivos teste de Tukey e de Dunn para as comparações, com significância de 5% (P<0,05). Não houve diferenças estatísticas na comparação entre os grupos quanto às variáveis fisiológicas, sensibilidade quanto aos monofilamentos de Von Frey, EAV para dor e sedação e EDD. Quatro resgates do grupo GM foram realizados, contra três resgates dos grupos GA e GMFF e dois resgates do grupo GMFV. Os tratamentos apresentaram semelhante eficácia analgésica em gatas submetidas à OSH.The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of preemptive pharmacopuncture with meloxicam or aquapuncture in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-nine healthy animals, aged 11.59±6.21 and weighing 2.50±0.58kg were used and assigned to four groups: aquapuncture (GA; n=7; 0.1mL of saline solution in the SP6, GB34, LIV3 and ST36 acupoints bilaterally), meloxicam (GM; n=8; 0.1mg kg-1 of meloxicam subcutaneously), pharmacopuncture (GMFV; n=7; 0.01mg kg-1 of meloxicam, diluted to 0.8ml of saline solution, equally distributed in the SP6, GB34, LIV3 and ST36 acupoints bilaterally) or subdose of meloxicam (GMFF; n=7; 0.01mg kg-1 of meloxicam diluted in saline subcutaneously, at the interscapular region). The animals were submitted to OVH by minimally invasive surgical technique. Animals were evaluated at 1h, 2h, 6h, 8h, 12h and 24h postoperatively by a blind assessor. All measurements were assessed the day before surgery and were considered as baseline. Postoperative pain and sedation were evaluated by visual analogue scale in both cases and sedation score and descriptive pain scale (DPS), respectively, as well as hyperalgesia was assessed by the Von Frey monofilaments. The analgesic rescue was performed with 0.2mg kg-1 of morphine intramuscularly, when the DPS score was above 33% from the total score. Statistical analysis were performed with the Sigma-Stat 3.1 program using parametric and nonparametric analyses of variances and respective Tukey´s and Dunn´s test for post hoc comparisons. The level of statistical significance was set at 5% (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between groups for the physiological variables, Von Frey sensitivity, VAS for pain and sedation and DPS. Four analgesic rescues were performed in GM group, three in GA and GMFF groups and two in GMFV group. All treatments showed similar analgesic effect in cats undergoing OVH.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES