Serum levels of GCT markers in healthy women or in women with GCT.

<p>Measurements that exceeded the normal reference range are indicated in bold. For inhibin A and B (INHA and INHB), values beneath the detection thresholds by ELISA were defined as normal. For VCP, the reference value was set as the mean of healthy control band intensity in immunoblot analyses+2SD (253 arbitrary units). Note that serum inhibin usually becomes undetectable after menopause in healthy women. Interpretation of premenopausal inhibin values can be difficult due to their secretion both by growing ovarian follicles and by GCTs. NE: not evaluated.</p

Assessment of serum levels of VCP compared to serum tumor markers currently used for ovarian carcinoma, colon cancer, and breast cancer.

<p>Sera from patients were tested for VCP levels by immunoblot analyses and the dotted line shows VCP cutoff values established in healthy donors. In addition, sera were tested by ELISA for the presence (+) or absence (−) of increased levels of CA125 in ovarian carcinoma, CEA in colon cancer, or CEA and CA15.3 in breast cancer. The normal ranges of CA125, CEA, and CA15.3 are below 35 U/ml, 7 µg/l, and 29 kU/l, respectively.</p

Differential protein expression in mouse granulosa cell and GCT cell culture media.

<p>Samples were separated by 10% SDS-PAGE followed by silver staining. Arrows indicate examples of proteins expressed selectively in the GCT cell culture media, along with approximate molecular weights. A total of 3 gels with different acrylamide contents were studied and 14 bands (with proteins from 12 to 116 KDa) were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis. Only one of the 3 gels is shown on the figure.</p

Mass spectrometry analysis of the secretome of mouse GCT from CPA transgenic mice.

<p>Protein identification (International Protein Index identifier) and protein description are given along with the overall score and the number of peptides identified by mass spectrometry as described in Materials & Methods. Proteins in bold were studied further.</p

Tumor clinical features and VCP serum level in tested cancer patients.

<p>For VCP, the reference value was set as the mean of healthy control band intensity in immunoblot analyses+2SD (253 arbitrary units). Positive VCP values are indicated in bold. X: unknown grade/differentiation, CL: clear cell, EM: endometroid, NOS: not otherwise specified, IDC: invasive ductal carcinoma, LC: large cell, NHDG: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, NA: not available.</p