Comparison of HIV Prevalence Estimates for Zimbabwe from Antenatal Clinic Surveillance (2006) and the 2005– 06 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey

Objective: To assess whether HIV surveillance data from pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in Zimbabwe represent infection levels in the general population. Methods: HIV prevalence estimates from ANC surveillance sites in 2006 were compared with estimates from the corresponding Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey 2005–06 (ZDHS) clusters using geographic information systems. Results: The ANC HIV prevalence estimate (17.9%, 95 % CI 17.0%–18.8%) was similar to the ZDHS estimates for all men and women aged 15–49 years (18.1%, 16.9%–18.8%), for pregnant women (17.5%, 13.9%–21.9%), and for ANC attendees living within 30 km of ANC surveillance sites (19.9%, 17.1%–22.8%). However, the ANC surveillance estimate (17.9%) was lower than the ZDHS estimates for all women (21.1%, 19.7%–22.6%) and for women living within 30 km catchment areas of ANC surveillance sites (20.9%, 19.4%–22.3%). HIV prevalence in ANC sites classified as urban and rural was significantly lower than in sites classified as ‘‘other’’. Conclusions: Periodic population surveys can be used to validate ANC surveillance estimates. In Zimbabwe, ANC surveillance provides reliable estimates of HIV prevalence among men and women aged 15–49 years in the genera

Comparison of HIV prevalence among women age 15–49 from ANC sentinel surveillance and among men and women aged 15–49 interviewed by the ZDHS, by women's pregnancy status, recent birth experience, and receiving antenatal care for last birth, 2005–06.

1<p>ZDHS HIV prevalence estimate for all men age 15–49 is 14.5% (CI 13.2–15.9), and for all men and women age 15–49 is 18.1% (CI 16.9–18.8).</p>2<p>Women 15–49 interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who live in a community within 30 km from the nearest ANC site.</p><p>( ): 25–49 unweighted cases.</p

Comparison of HIV prevalence in women aged 15–49 years: ANC sentinel surveillance versus ZDHS, by selected background characteristics, 2005–06.

1<p>Women aged 15–49 yrs interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who live within 30 km of the nearest ANC site.</p>2<p>Women aged 15–49 yrs interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who live within 30 km of the nearest ANC site and who received ANC for their last birth in the previous 3 years.</p>3<p>Number of living children for women in the ZDHS sample who live within an ANC catchment area and attended ANC for the last birth adjusted to show parity at the time of the last ANC attendance (excluding the most recent birth).</p><p>*: 0–24 unweighted case; (): 25–49 unweighted cases.</p

Sample distributions of women (aged 15–49 yrs) included in the 2006 ANC surveillance survey and the 2005–06 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey, by selected characteristics.

1<p>Women aged 15–49 yrs interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who lived within 30 km of the nearest ANC site.</p>2<p>Women aged 15–49 yrs interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who lived within 30 km of the nearest ANC site and received ANC for their last birth in the previous three years.</p>3<p>Ns for individual categories may not add up to the total due to missing information.</p>4<p>Number of living children for women in the ZDHS sample who live within an ANC catchment area and attended ANC for the last birth has been adjusted to show parity at the time of the last ANC attendance (except for the most recent birth).</p><p>*0–24 unweighted case; () 25–49 unweighted cases.</p

Comparison of HIV prevalence in women aged 15–49: ANC sentinel surveillance versus ZDHS, by ANC surveillance site and site classification, 2005–06.

1<p>Women 15–49 interviewed and tested by the ZDHS who live in a community within 30 km from the nearest ANC site.</p><p>Urban, rural, and other designation is based on the classification of the ANC surveillance site attended (for ANC columns) or the nearest ANC surveillance site (for ZDHS columns).</p><p>*: 0–24 unweighted case; (): 25–49 unweighted cases.</p